Prognostic Factors in Postoperative Brain Metastases Derive From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Brain metastases are crucial in cancer progression, requiring focused efforts on the screening, early detection, and treatment. However, accurate forecasting the postoperative prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer brain metastasis remains a challenge. This retrospective study aims to discern the factors that influence the prognosis of such patients.

An Active Trend of Immunotherapy Combination Regimen as Second-Line Therapy Towards Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer.

Background: As a second-line therapy, oxaliplatin/fluorouracil/leucovorin (FOLFOX) remains the standard of care for patients with biliary tract cancer (BTC); however, its efficacy is suboptimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether, compared with chemotherapy alone, the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination regimen improved the overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced BTC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with advanced BTC who received chemotherapy or ICI combination therapy as second-line (L2) treatment between January 1, 2018, and April 1, 2022, were retrospectively identified.

Development and validation of a CT based radiomics nomogram for preoperative prediction of ISUP/WHO grading in renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Nuclear grading of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is crucial for its diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning model for preoperative assessment of ccRCC nuclear grading using CT radiomics.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 146 ccRCC patients who underwent surgery between June 2016 and January 2022 at two hospitals (the Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University with 117 cases and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences with 29 cases).

Zosuquidar Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Inducing Autophagic Degradation of PD-L1.

The intracellular distribution and transportation process are essential for maintaining PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) expression, and intervening in this cellular process may provide promising therapeutic strategies. Here, through a cell-based high content screening, it is found that the ABCB1 (ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1) modulator zosuquidar dramatically suppresses PD-L1 expression by triggering its autophagic degradation. Mechanistically, ABCB1 interacts with PD-L1 and impairs COP II-mediated PD-L1 transport from ER (endoplasmic reticulum) to Golgi apparatus.

Induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of induction immunochemotherapy followed by definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). We identified unresectable stage III NSCLC patients who received induction immunochemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary endpoints.

New progress in the treatment of diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M alteration.

Diffuse midline glioma with H3K27 M alteration is a primary malignant tumor located along the linear structure of the brain, predominantly manifesting in children and adolescents. The mortality rate is exceptionally high, with a mere 1 % 5-year survival rate for newly diagnosed patients. Beyond conventional surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, novel approaches are imperative to enhance patient prognosis.

Erratum: Author correction to 'Mevalonate improves anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy by stabilizing mRNA' [Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 13 (2023) 2585-2600].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.

The Impact of Time Interval on Prognosis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastases After Metastases Surgery.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a prominent malignancy often linked to the development of brain metastases (BM), which commonly appear at diverse time intervals (TI) following the lung cancer diagnosis. This study endeavors to determine the prognostic significance of the time interval in patients with NSCLC who undergo BM surgery. Through this investigation, we aim to improve our understanding of the factors impacting the prognosis of BM cases originating from NSCLC.

Mevalonate improves anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy by stabilizing mRNA.

Mevalonate metabolism plays an important role in regulating tumor growth and progression; however, its role in immune evasion and immune checkpoint modulation remains unclear. Here, we found that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with higher plasma mevalonate response better to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, as indicated by prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival. Plasma mevalonate levels were positively correlated with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor tissues.

The impact of lipids on the cancer-immunity cycle and strategies for modulating lipid metabolism to improve cancer immunotherapy.

Lipids have been found to modulate tumor biology, including proliferation, survival, and metastasis. With the new understanding of tumor immune escape that has developed in recent years, the influence of lipids on the cancer-immunity cycle has also been gradually discovered. First, regarding antigen presentation, cholesterol prevents tumor antigens from being identified by antigen presenting cells.

Pan-Cancer analysis and experimental validation identify the oncogenic nature of ESPL1: Potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Extra spindle pole bodies like 1 (ESPL1) are required to continue the cell cycle, and its primary role is to initiate the final segregation of sister chromatids. Although prior research has revealed a link between ESPL1 and the development of cancer, no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been conducted. Combining multi-omics data with bioinformatics, we have thoroughly described the function of ESPL1 in cancer.

Autophagy-related gene LAPTM4B promotes the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma and is associated with immunity.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common urologic disease. Currently, surgery is the primary treatment for renal cancer; immunotherapy is not as effective a treatment strategy as expected. Hence, understanding the mechanism in the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) and exploring novel immunotherapeutic targets are considered important.

Targeting KRAS-mutant stomach/colorectal tumors by disrupting the ERK2-p53 complex.

KRAS is widely mutated in human cancers, resulting in unchecked tumor proliferation and metastasis, which makes identifying KRAS-targeting therapies a priority. Herein, we observe that mutant KRAS specifically promotes the formation of the ERK2-p53 complex in stomach/colorectal tumor cells. Disruption of this complex by applying MEK1/2 and ERK2 inhibitors elicits strong apoptotic responses in a p53-dependent manner, validated by genome-wide knockout screening.

Disparities in stage at diagnosis for liver cancer in China.

Background: The stage at diagnosis is a major factor in making treatment strategies and cancer control policies. However, the stage distribution for liver cancer in China was not well studied. In this multi-center hospital-based study, we aimed to identify the distribution and factors associated with stage at diagnosis for liver cancer in China.

[Advances in recurrence risk assessment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor].

Identification of prognosis-related risk factors and accurate assessment of risk stratification in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is of great significance not only for establishing a reliable prognostic model and developing a follow-up plan but also for selecting potential populations benefiting from neoadjuvant therapies. Although several risk stratification models have been established, it is still challenging to accurately assess patients' risk of recurrence, and the performance of these prediction models still needs to be improved. This review focused on the latest studies in recurrence risk assessment for GIST patients, and summarized potential predictive markers and recurrence risk models related to tumor-related characteristic parameters, novel laboratory examinations, radiological imaging signatures and molecular pathological features, which could provide a reference for accurate risk stratification and individualized targeted therapies for GIST patients.

Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Combined with Warm Acupuncture for Breast Cancer Related Upper Limb Lymphedema: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combined with warm acupuncture in treating breast cancer associated with upper limb lymphedema (BCRL).

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using a paired control design. Fifty-two BCRL patients were assigned to the control group (27 cases) and the treatment group (25 cases).

Systematical analysis of ferroptosis regulators and identification of GCLM as a tumor promotor and immunological biomarker in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer (BCa) is a life-threaten disease with an increasing incidence with age, and immunotherapy has become an important treatment for BCa, while the efficiency of the immune system declines with age. It is vital to reveal the mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and identify novel immunotherapy targets for BCa. Through analyzing the RNA-seq of TCGA-BLCA cohort, we distinguished two ferroptosis-related BCa clusters, and we discovered that in comparation with cluster 2, the cluster 1 BCa patients showed higher PD-L1 expression, more unfavorable overall survival and higher tumor stage and grade.

Electromagnetic interactions in regulations of cell behaviors and morphogenesis.

Emerging evidence indicates that the cellular electromagnetic field regulates the fundamental physics of cell biology. The electromagnetic oscillations and synchronization of biomolecules triggered by the internal and external pulses serve as the physical basis of the cellular electromagnetic field. Recent studies have indicated that centrosomes, a small organelle in eukaryotic cells that organize spindle microtubules during mitosis, also function as a nano-electronic generator in cells.

The emerging multifaceted role of PINK1 in cancer biology.

For its various important functions in cells, phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) has drawn considerable attention for the role it plays in early-onset Parkinson's disease. In recent years, emerging evidence has supported the hypothesis that PINK1 plays a part in regulating many physiological and pathophysiological processes in cancer cells, including cytoplasmic homeostasis, cell survival, and cell death. According to the findings of these studies, PINK1 can function as a tumor promoter or suppressor, showing a duality that is dependent on the context.

Comparison of Colonoscopy, Fecal Immunochemical Test, and Risk-Adapted Approach in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Trial (TARGET-C).

Background & Aims: The screening yield and related cost of a risk-adapted screening approach compared with established screening strategies in population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening are not clear.

Methods: We randomly allocated 19,373 participants into 1 of the 3 screening arms in a 1:2:2 ratio: (1) one-time colonoscopy (n = 3883); (2) annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) (n = 7793); (3) annual risk-adapted screening (n = 7697), in which, based on the risk-stratification score, high-risk participants were referred for colonoscopy and low-risk ones were referred for FIT. Three consecutive screening rounds were conducted for both the FIT and the risk-adapted screening arms.

A Comprehensive Prognostic Model for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis Recurrence After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: For patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLMs), it is important to stratify patients according to the risk of recurrence. This study aimed to validate the predictive value of some clinical, imaging, and pathology biomarkers and develop an operational prognostic model for patients with CRLMs with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before the liver resection.

Methods: Patients with CRLMs accompanied with primary lesion and liver metastases lesion resection were enrolled into this study.

Comprehensive Evaluation of the mA Regulator Prognostic Risk Score in the Prediction of Immunotherapy Response in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is known for its high drug resistance. The tumor-immune crosstalk mediated by the epigenetic regulation of N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification has been demonstrated in recent studies. Therefore, mA modification-mediated immune cell infiltration characteristics may be helpful to guide immunotherapy for ccRCC.