Lerociclib plus fulvestrant in patients with HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on prior endocrine therapy: LEONARDA-1 a phase III randomized trial.

Lerociclib (GB491), a highly selective oral CDK4/6 inhibitor, has displayed anti-tumor activity and differentiated safety and tolerability profile in previous ph1/2 clinical trials. The LEONARDA-1, a randomized, double-blind, phase III study, was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lerociclib in HR+/HER2- locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients, who had relapsed or progressed on prior endocrine therapy. A total of 275 patients were randomized at 1:1 ratio to receive lerociclib (137 patients, 150 mg twice daily) or placebo (138 patients) plus fulvestrant.

Infrared thermography in clinical practice: a literature review.

Background: Infrared thermography technology is a diagnostic imaging modality that converts temperature information on the surface of the human body into visualised thermograms. This technology has the capacity to intuitively detect the presence of certain abnormal conditions or foci in the human body. In recent years, the application of this technology in medicine has become increasingly extensive, especially in the areas of auxiliary diagnosis and early screening of diseases.

The predictive role of tertiary lymphoid structures in the prognosis and response to immunotherapy of lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is still no consensus regarding the correlation between TLS and the prognosis of lung cancer patients. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between TLS and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. In addition, the prognostic value of TLS for the efficacy of immunotherapy was also studied.

Current status of fertility preservation procedures in gynecologic oncology: from a Chinese perspective.

Background: The "Healthy China" initiative, along with advancements in technology for cancer diagnosis and treatment, has significantly enhanced outcomes for patients with gynecologic tumors. The trends of late marriage and delayed childbirth have led to an increasing number of women diagnosed with gynecologic cancers who are seeking fertility preservation in China. This issue is critical yet often overlooked in clinical practice.

Unraveling the impact of noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma drug resistance: a review of mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, typically managed through a combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical interventions. Recent advancements in early detection and the use of novel chemotherapeutic agents have significantly improved the 5-year survival rate of OS patients. However, some patients fail to achieve the desired treatment outcomes despite undergoing intensive chemotherapy and surgicals procedures, with chemotherapy resistance emerging as a critical factor contributing to therapeutic failure in OS.

Nanotheranostics in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: Advanced Research Progress and Future Perspectives.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women worldwide, with bone being the most common site of all metastatic breast cancer. Bone metastases are often associated with pain and skeletal-related events (SREs), indicating poor prognosis and poor quality of life. Most current therapies for breast cancer bone metastasis primarily serve palliative purposes, focusing on pain management, mitigating the risk of bone-related complications, and inhibiting tumor progression.

Habitat-based MRI radiomics to predict the origin of brain metastasis.

Background: This study aims to explore the value of habitat-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics for predicting the origin of brain metastasis (BM).

Purpose: To investigate whether habitat-based radiomics can identify the metastatic tumor type of BM and whether an imaging-based model that integrates the volume of peritumoral edema (VPE) can enhance predictive performance.

Methods: A primary cohort was developed with 384 patients from two centers, which comprises 734 BM lesions.

Hyperoxia-activated Nrf2 regulates ferroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells and intervenes in inflammatory reaction through COX-2/PGE2/EP2 pathway.

The lack of knowledge about the mechanism of hyperoxia-induced intestinal injury has attracted considerable attention, due to the potential for this condition to cause neonatal complications. This study aimed to explore the relationship between hyperoxia-induced oxidative damage and ferroptosis in intestinal tissue and investigate the mechanism by which hyperoxia regulates inflammation through ferroptosis. The study systematically evaluated the effects of hyperoxia on oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, ferroptosis, and inflammation of intestinal epithelial cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Comprehensive analysis of clinicopathologic and prognostic features in locally advanced thyroid papillary cancer.

Objective: Differentiated thyroid cancers tend to excellent long-term survival after surgery. However, Locally Advanced Papillary Thyroid Cancers (LAPTCs) have poor prognosis. This study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features of LAPTC and the risk factors that affect its postoperative recurrence.

Phase 2 study of serplulimab with the bevacizumab biosimilar HLX04 in the first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of serplulimab, a novel programmed death-1 inhibitor, with or without bevacizumab biosimilar HLX04 as first-line treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: This open-label, multicenter phase 2 study (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03973112) was conducted in China and consisted of four treatment groups: group A (serplulimab 3 mg/kg plus HLX04 5 mg/kg, subsequent-line), group B (serplulimab 3 mg/kg plus HLX04 10 mg/kg, subsequent-line), group C (serplulimab 3 mg/kg, subsequent-line) and group D (serplulimab 3 mg/kg plus HLX04 10 mg/kg, first-line).

Should all cervical cancer patients with positive lymph node receive definitive radiotherapy: a population-based comparative study.

Objective: The optimal initial management strategy for cervical cancer with lymph node metastases (LNM) remains a topic of ongoing debate. This study aimed to explore the correlation between surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and definitive radiotherapy (RT), as well as their impact on the prognosis of patients with LNM.

Methods: Patients with positive lymph nodes (PLNs) in 2009 FIGO stage I-III cervical cancer were selected from SEER database.

The molecular code of kidney cancer: A path of discovery for gene mutation and precision therapy.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor with highly heterogeneous and complex molecular mechanisms. Through systematic analysis of TCGA, COSMIC and other databases, 24 mutated genes closely related to RCC were screened, including VHL, PBRM1, BAP1 and SETD2, which play key roles in signaling pathway transduction, chromatin remodeling and DNA repair. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is particularly important in the pathogenesis of RCC.

Integrating traditional biomarkers and emerging predictors to assess neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in breast cancer: a multifactorial analysis of Ki-67, CDK4, EGFR, TILs and ctDNA.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the correlation between the expression of cell proliferation-associated antigen (Ki-67), cell cycle protein-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) with the outcome and prognosis of patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinicopathological data of 231 patients with BC who underwent preoperative NACT at XX Hospital between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2021. Logistic regression models were used to analyse factors influencing NACT efficacy.

Cellular components of tumor microenvironment: understanding their role in lymphatic metastasis of tumors.

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death in cancer patients. Tumor cells primarily spread through the hematogenous and lymphatic system. The underlying mechanisms of hematogenous metastasis have been well described over the past few decades.

Chinese expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles for human diseases.

Stem cell therapy is a novel approach for treating various severe and intractable diseases, including autoimmune disorders, organ transplants, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, the extensive utilization of stem cells is constrained by potential tumorigenicity, challenges in precise differentiation, rejection concerns, and ethical considerations. Extracellular vesicles possess the ability to carry diverse bioactive factors from stem cells and deliver them to specific target cells or tissues.

Alleviating role of ketamine in breast cancer cell-induced osteoclastogenesis and tumor bone metastasis-induced bone cancer pain through an SRC/EGR1/CST6 axis.

Aims: The analgesic effect of ketamine in cancer pain remains controversial. This research investigates the role of ketamine in bone metastasis-induced cancer pain in breast cancer (BC) and its associated molecular network.

Methods: BC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and ZR-75-1 were treated with ketamine and malignant behaviors were assessed through CCK-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays.

Patient-reported quality of life in Asian patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer treated with palbociclib plus letrozole in the PALOMA-4 trial.

Background: Palbociclib plus an aromatase inhibitor is approved for treatment of patients with ER+/HER2- advanced breast cancer (ABC). In the PALOMA-4 trial, adding palbociclib to letrozole prolonged median progression-free survival in Asian women with ER+/HER2- ABC. Here, we report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from PALOMA-4.

Dietary Palmitic Acid Drives a Palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC15-YAP Feedback Loop Promoting Tumor Metastasis.

Elevated uptake of saturated fatty acid palmitic acid (PA) is associated with tumor metastasis; however, the precise mechanisms remain partially understood, hindering the development of therapy for PA-driven tumor metastasis. The Hippo-Yes-associated protein (Hippo/YAP) pathway is implicated in cancer progression. Here it is shown that a high-palm oil diet potentiates tumor metastasis in murine xenografts in part through YAP.

A multi-view contrastive learning and semi-supervised self-distillation framework for early recurrence prediction in ovarian cancer.

Objective: This study presents a novel framework that integrates contrastive learning and knowledge distillation to improve early ovarian cancer (OC) recurrence prediction, addressing the challenges posed by limited labeled data and tumor heterogeneity.

Methods: The research utilized CT imaging data from 585 OC patients, including 142 cases with complete follow-up information and 125 cases with unknown recurrence status. To pre-train the teacher network, 318 unlabeled images were sourced from public datasets (TCGA-OV and PLAGH-202-OC).