The advanced lung cancer inflammation index is the optimal inflammatory biomarker of overall survival in patients with lung cancer.

Backgrounds: Malnutrition and systemic inflammatory responses are associated with poor overall survival (OS) in lung cancer patients, but it remains unclear which biomarkers are better for predicting their prognosis. This study tried to determine the best one among the existing common nutrition/inflammation-based indicators of OS for patients with lung cancer.

Materials And Methods: There were 16 nutrition or systemic inflammation-based indicators included in this study.

Reference values of low body mass index, mid-upper arm circumference, and calf circumference in cancer patients: A nationwide multicenter observational study.

Objective: Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and calf circumference (CC) are simple and convenient indicators of nutritional status and muscle mass. However, most of their reference values come from studies based on healthy Western populations. The optimal reference values of these anthropometric factors in Asian patients with cancer are unclear.

Nutrition-inflammation marker enhances prognostic value to ECOG performance status in overweight or obese patients with cancer.

Background: Overweight or obese cancer patients are more likely to develop a proinflammatory status. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the nutrition-inflammation marker can provide additional prognostic information on top of well-established Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) in overweight or obese patients with cancer.

Methods: A total of 1667 overweight or obese cancer patients were enrolled in this study.

Extracellular water to total body water ratio predicts survival in cancer patients with sarcopenia: a multi-center cohort study.

Background: Body water measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) predicts the outcomes of many diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between body water and the prognosis of cancer patients with sarcopenia.

Methods: This study employed 287 cancer patients with sarcopenia underwent BIA from a prospective multicenter study of patients with cancer in China from 2013 to 2020.

Low fat mass index outperforms handgrip weakness and GLIM-defined malnutrition in predicting cancer survival: Derivation of cutoff values and joint analysis in an observational cohort.

Background & Aims: The optimal thresholds to define a survival-related low fat mass index (FMI) in Asian oncology populations remains largely unknown. This study sought to derive the sex-specific FMI cutoffs and analyze the independent and joint associations of a low FMI, handgrip weakness, and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition with cancer survival.

Methods: We performed a multicenter cohort study including 2376 patients with cancer.

Association of the fat-free mass index with mortality in patients with cancer: A multicenter observational study.

Objectives: Low fat-free mass index (FFMI) has been related to a higher mortality in community populations. However, information on the relationship between FFMI and mortality is lacking for patients with cancer. The objective of this study was to examine the association between FFMI and all-cause mortality in Chinese cancer patients.

Several anthropometric measurements and cancer mortality: predictor screening, threshold determination, and joint analysis in a multicenter cohort of 12138 adults.

Background: Anthropometric measurements (AMs) are cost-effective surrogates for evaluating body size. This study aimed to identify the optimal prognostic AMs, their thresholds, and their joint associations with cancer mortality.

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study including 12138 patients with cancer at five institutions in China.

The Application of Fat-Free Mass Index for Survival Prediction in Cancer Patients With Normal and High Body Mass Index.

Fat-free mass (FFM) depletion can be masked by a stable body weight or weight gain in the presence of a normal or high body mass index (BMI). This study investigated the prognostic value of low fat-free mass index (FFMI) in cancer patients with normal or high BMI. This multicenter retrospective cohort study included 1,602 cancer patients with normal/high BMI.

Relationship Between Prognostic Nutritional Index and Mortality in Overweight or Obese Patients with Cancer: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Background: Overweight and obese patients with cancer present with chronic inflammation, dysfunctional antitumor immunity and malnutrition risk. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a promising indicator for predicting inflammatory, immunological and nutritional states; however, its prognostic value in overweight and obese patients with cancer has not been explored. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to explore the prognostic value of PNI levels in overweight and obese patients with cancer.

A fusion decision system to identify and grade malnutrition in cancer patients: Machine learning reveals feasible workflow from representative real-world data.

Background And Aims: Most nutritional assessment tools are based on pre-defined questionnaires or consensus guidelines. However, it has been postulated that population data can be used directly to develop a solution for assessing malnutrition. This study established a machine learning (ML)-based, individualized decision system to identify and grade malnutrition using large-scale data from cancer patients.

Prevalence of frailty and prediction of mortality in Chinese cancer patients using a frailty index-based clinical algorithm-A multicentre study.

Purpose: To investigate the frailty status in Chinese cancer patients through establishing a novel prediction algorithm.

Methods: The percentage of frailty in various age groups, locations, and tumor types in Chinese cancer patients was investigated. The prediction capacity of frailty on mortality of Chinese cancer patients was analysed by the frailty index composing of routine laboratory data (FI-LAB) accessible from a blood test and calculated as the ratio of abnormal factors to 22 total variables.

Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria as a nutrition assessment tool for patients with cancer.

Objectives: Since the launch of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), there has been an urgent need to validate the new criteria, especially in patients with cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate and validate the use of the GLIM criteria in patients with cancer.

Method: This multicenter cohort study compared the GLIM with the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (sPG-SGA).

Fat mass assessment using the triceps skinfold thickness enhances the prognostic value of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria in patients with lung cancer.

The present study evaluated whether fat mass assessment using the triceps skinfold (TSF) thickness provides additional prognostic value to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) framework in patients with lung cancer (LC). We performed an observational cohort study including 2672 LC patients in China. Comprehensive demographic, disease and nutritional characteristics were collected.

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2021.

There exist differences in the epidemiological characteristics, clinicopathological features, tumor biological characteristics, treatment patterns, and drug selections between gastric cancer patients from the Eastern and Western countries. The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) has organized a panel of senior experts specializing in all sub-specialties of gastric cancer to compile a clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer since 2016 and renews it annually. Taking into account regional differences, giving full consideration to the accessibility of diagnosis and treatment resources, these experts have conducted expert consensus judgment on relevant evidence and made various grades of recommendations for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer to reflect the value of cancer treatment and meeting health economic indexes in China.

Comparison of the AWGS and optimal stratification-defined handgrip strength thresholds for predicting survival in patients with lung cancer.

Objectives: Handgrip strength (HGS) is related to cancer mortality. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS)- and optimal stratification (OS)-defined HGS thresholds for predicting the survival of patients with lung cancer (LC).

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study including 3230 patients with LC admitted to five institutions in China from November 2011 to January 2019.

Nutritional features-based clustering analysis as a feasible approach for early identification of malnutrition in patients with cancer.

Background: Malnutrition is prevalent that can impair multiple clinical outcomes in oncology populations. This study aimed to develop and utilize a tool to optimize the early identification of malnutrition in patients with cancer.

Methods: We performed an observational cohort study including 3998 patients with cancer at two teaching hospitals in China.

Development and validation of a rapid-decision pathway to diagnose malnutrition in patients with lung cancer.

Objectives: Malnutrition is frequently developed and outcome-related in patients with lung cancer (LC). Making a rapid and accurate diagnosis of malnutrition is the major concern for dietitians and clinicians.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, observational cohort study including 1219 patients with LC.

Classification Tree-Based Machine Learning to Visualize and Validate a Decision Tool for Identifying Malnutrition in Cancer Patients.

Background: The newly proposed Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) framework is promising to gain global acceptance for diagnosing malnutrition. However, the role of machine learning in facilitating its application in clinical practice remains largely unknown.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, observational cohort study including 3998 patients with cancer.

A C21-steroidal derivative suppresses T-cell lymphoma in mice by inhibiting SIRT3 via SAP18-SIN3.

The SIN3 repressor complex and the NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT3 control cell growth, and development as well as malignant transformation. Even then, a little known about cross-talks between these two chromatin modifiers or whether their interaction explored therapeutically. Here we describe the identification of a C-steroidal derivative compound, 3-O-chloroacetyl-gagamine, A671, which potently suppresses the growth of mouse and human T-cell lymphoma and erythroleukemia in vitro and preclinical models.

Favorable Immune Microenvironment in Patients with EGFR and MAPK Co-Mutations.

Purpose: Although -mutated patients generally do not benefit from checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), some patients in the KEYNOTE-001 study consistently benefited from this treatment. This study investigated immune microenvironment characteristics to identify the subgroup of patients that may benefit from ICIs.

Materials And Methods: Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) and Cancer Proteome Atlas, TMB and protein level of PD-L1 were explored in the patients with mutations and wild-type patients.

Nutritional assessment and risk factors associated to malnutrition in patients with esophageal cancer.

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death in China. Patients with esophageal cancer are more likely to suffer from malnutrition. The purpose of this study is to assess nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer from multiple perspectives and analyze the risk factors.

The GLIM criteria as an effective tool for nutrition assessment and survival prediction in older adult cancer patients.

Background & Aims: Elderly cancer patients are at particularly high risk for malnutrition because both the disease and the old age threaten their nutritional status. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) released new universal criteria for diagnosing and grading malnutrition, but the validation of these criteria in elderly cancer population is not well documented. Our objective was to investigate the application of the GLIM criteria in nutrition assessment and survival prediction in elderly cancer patients.

Nutritional status and survival of 8247 cancer patients with or without diabetes mellitus-results from a prospective cohort study.

Background: The number of cancer patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is steadily rising. Little is known about the nutritional status of this population. This study characterized the nutritional status and survival of cancer patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes.