Niraparib first-line maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer: final overall survival results from the PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 trial.

Background: The phase III PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 trial met its primary endpoint. Niraparib first-line maintenance significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) among patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer that responded to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy, regardless of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status. Final overall survival (OS) results are reported.

CD137 (4-1BB) and T-Lymphocyte Exhaustion.

CD137 (4-1BB) costimulation results in the potent activation of antitumor T lymphocytes and elicits antitumor efficacy that is synergistic with anti-PD(L)1 checkpoint inhibitors, especially when using bispecific constructs. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that 4-1BB ligation prevents and may revert T-cell exhaustion. See related article by Jeon et al.

Plain language summary of the CARTITUDE-4 study of ciltacabtagene autoleucel for the treatment of people with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

What Is This Summary About?: This is a summary of a called CARTITUDE-4. This trial compared the anti-cancer therapy ciltacabtagene autoleucel (or cilta-cel) with standard therapies in people who have multiple myeloma, a cancer that affects specific kinds of blood cells called plasma cells. The people in the study had been treated with 1 to 3 previous treatments for multiple myeloma, including a common anti-myeloma treatment called lenalidomide, but their multiple myeloma did not get better.

Outcomes in the Asian subgroup of the phase III randomised HIMALAYA study of tremelimumab plus durvalumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: In the global, phase III HIMALAYA study in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC), STRIDE (Single Tremelimumab Regular Interval Durvalumab) improved overall survival (OS) vs. sorafenib; durvalumab was non-inferior to sorafenib. HBV is the predominant HCC aetiology in most of Asia vs.

Molecular mechanisms promoting long-term cytopenia after BCMA CAR-T therapy in multiple myeloma.

Hematologic toxicity is a common side effect of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, being particularly severe among patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM). In this study, we characterized 48 patients treated with B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR-T cells to understand kinetics of cytopenia, identify predictive factors, and determine potential mechanisms underlying these toxicities. We observed that overall incidence of cytopenia was 95.

Curative Strategy for High-Risk Smoldering Myeloma: Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (KRd) Followed by Transplant, KRd Consolidation, and Rd Maintenance.

Purpose: Early treatment of high-risk smoldering myeloma has been shown to delay progression to multiple myeloma (MM). We conducted this trial with curative intention using a treatment approach employed for newly diagnosed patients with MM.

Methods: Patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma (>50% progression risk at 2 years) and transplant candidates were included and received induction therapy with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd), six cycles, followed by high-dose melphalan (200 mg/m) autologous stem-cell transplantation (HDM-ASCT), two KRd consolidation cycles, and Rd maintenance for 2 years.

Niraparib Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationships in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: Niraparib is a poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase inhibitor approved for the maintenance treatment of advanced ovarian cancer (OC). Niraparib was originally approved in recurrent OC at a fixed starting dose (FSD) of 300 mg once daily (QD). This analysis characterized the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of niraparib and evaluated the relationships between exposure, efficacy, and safety to support clinical use of an individualized dosing strategy, in which the starting dose of niraparib was adjusted based on patient characteristics to improve the benefit-risk profile.

Building on the clinical applicability of ctDNA analysis in non-metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma represents one of the solid tumors showing the worst prognosis worldwide, with a high recurrence rate after adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. Circulating tumor DNA analysis raised as a promising non-invasive tool to characterize tumor genomics and to assess treatment response. In this study, surgical tumor tissue and sequential blood samples were analyzed by next-generation sequencing and were correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics.

Single-point and kinetics of peripheral residual disease by mass spectrometry to predict outcome in patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma included in the GEM-CESAR trial.

The value of quantitative immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (QIP-MS) to identify the M-protein is being investigated in patients with monoclonal gammopathies but no data are yet available in high-risk smoldering myeloma (HRsMM). We have, therefore, investigated QIP-MS to monitor peripheral residual disease (PRD) in 62 HRsMM patients enrolled in the GEM-CESAR trial. After 24 cycles of maintenance, detecting the M-protein by MS or clonal plasma cells by next-generation flow cytometry (NGF) identified cases with a significantly shorter median progression-free survival (mPFS) (MS: not reached vs.

Spanish Society of Medical Oncology recommendations for comprehensive assessment and care of cancer survivors' needs.

This article reviews the contemporary and inclusive definition of cancer survivorship, including patients with and without disease who have completed or continue to undergo treatment. The Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) describes in this article the needs of these patients and outlines a care model based on an estimation of cancer incidence and identification of patient needs, to enable the provision of practical actions to achieve effective care. The objectives of this review are to identify the main effects of cancer on survivors and to establish appropriate ways of measuring these effects, as well as discussing the management of physical, psychological and social, occupational, financial, and other health-related needs.

Prediction of nonresectability using the updated Predictive Index value model assessed by imaging and surgery in tubo-ovarian cancer: a prospective multicenter ISAAC study.

Background: A laparoscopy-based scoring system was developed by Fagotti et al (Fagotti or Predictive Index value (PIV)score) based on the intraoperative presence or absence of carcinomatosis on predefined sites. Later, the authors updated the PIV score calculated only in the absence of one or both absolute criteria of nonresectability (mesenteric retraction and miliary carcinomatosis of the small bowel) (updated PIV model).

Objective: The aim was to demonstrate the noninferiority of ultrasound to other imaging methods (contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (WB-DWI)/MRI) in predicting nonresectable tumor (defined as residual disease >1 cm) using the updated PIV model in patients with tubo-ovarian cancer.

Predictors of long-term progression-free survival in patients with ovarian cancer treated with niraparib in the PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 study.

Objective: To identify characteristics associated with long-term progression-free survival (≥2 years) in patients with advanced ovarian cancer treated with niraparib first-line maintenance therapy in the phase III PRIMA/ENGOT-OV26/GOG-3012 study.

Methods: In this post hoc analysis of PRIMA, patients randomized to niraparib were grouped based on investigator-assessed progression-free survival (progressive disease/censoring <2 years or ≥2 years after randomization). Variables assessed for predictive value were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage at diagnosis, clinical response to platinum-based chemotherapy, number of prior chemotherapy cycles, primary tumor location, body mass index, categorical age, debulking surgery type, number of baseline target lesions, number of baseline non-target lesions, /homologous recombination-deficiency status, residual disease status, and duration from end of chemotherapy to randomization.

Unveiling the multifaceted antitumor effects of interleukin 33.

Interleukin 33 (IL-33), once predominantly recognized for its pro-tumoral activities, has emerged as a multifunctional cytokine with antitumor properties. IL-33 pleiotropic activities include activation of Th1 CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, eosinophils, as well as type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Regarding this immunomodulatory activity, IL-33 demonstrates synergistic interactions with various cancer therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade and chemotherapy.

Double-Stranded RNA to Mimic Viral Infection for Cancer Immunotherapy.

The presence of moieties denoting viral infection is crucial to mount powerful cytotoxic T-cell immune responses acting through innate receptors such as Toll-like receptor 3. For cancer immunotherapy, several safe analogues of viral double-stranded RNA are under clinical development following compelling evidence for efficacy in mouse models. See related article by van Eijck et al.

Prognostic value of systemic inflammation response indexes obtained from the complete blood count in patients treated for advanced ovarian carcinoma in front line.

Objective: Various systemic inflammation response indexes (SIRI) have repeatedly been described as prognostic factors in ovarian cancer. They have not been validated in prospective trials and published results are sometimes contradictory. We aimed to explore their role in a cohort of patients diagnosed with stage III and IV ovarian cancer treated at our institution.