Instruments for Value Elucidation in Older Adults in Clinical Practice-A Scoping Review.

Background: To ensure appropriate care for the individual older adult, an ideal treatment should align with patients' values. However, healthcare professionals struggle with how to elucidate patient values effectively. To offer guidance to healthcare professionals, we performed a scoping review, thereby mapping and categorizing instruments specifically developed to elucidate values of older adults in clinical practice.

Risk of cancer and reoperation after ileorectal anastomosis and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in familial adenomatous polyposis.

Objectives: To prevent colorectal cancer (CRC), most patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) undergo (procto)colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). After surgery, these patients remain at risk of developing cancer in the remnant rectum or rectal cuff/pouch. We aimed to compare the long-term risk of cancer following IRA or IPAA in FAP.

Considerations to forgo systemic treatment in patients with advanced esophageal or gastric cancer: A real-world evidence study.

The majority of patients with advanced esophageal or gastric cancer do not start palliative systemic treatment. To gain insight into the considerations underlying the decision not to start systemic treatment, we analyzed characteristics of patients starting and not starting systemic treatment, reasons for not starting systemic treatment, and receipt of local palliative treatments on a nationwide scale. Patients diagnosed with advanced esophageal or gastric cancer between 2015 and 2021 were included (n = 10,948).

From Endoscopic Inspection to Gene-Expression: A Thorough Assessment of the Duodenal Mucosa After Resurfacing-A Prospective Study.

Aims: Duodenal Mucosal Resurfacing (DMR) is an endoscopic ablation technique aimed at improving glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the exact underlying mechanism is still unclear, it is postulated that the DMR-induced improvements are the result of changes in the duodenal mucosa. For this reason, we assessed macroscopic and microscopic changes in the duodenal mucosa induced by DMR + GLP-1RA.

An Inanimate Intracorporeal Anastomosis Model With Real-Time Force Feedback: An Initial Study.

Introduction: Laparoscopic intestinal anastomosis requires specific technical skills and should be trained in a safe simulation environment before performing surgery in daily practice. However, anastomosis simulation training with objective feedback is not widely available. This study aimed to analyze a laparoscopic intestinal anastomosis training task that utilizes objective force, motion, and time measurements.

The challenge of preventing gastric cancer in patients under surveillance for familial adenomatous polyposis.

Several extra-colonic manifestations, including duodenal polyposis and desmoid tumors, are well-described manifestations in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). More recently, an increase in gastric cancer diagnoses has been observed in FAP. This case series presents nine patients with FAP who were diagnosed with gastric cancer at our FAP expertise center, of whom eight were diagnosed between 2017 and 2023, while before 2017 the only diagnosis of gastric cancer was in 2001.

Targeting Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive tumor with dismal prognosis. Neural invasion is one of the pathological hallmarks of pancreatic cancer. Peripheral nerves can modulate the phenotype and behavior of the malignant cells, as well as of different components of the tumor microenvironment, and thus affect tumor growth and metastasis.

Oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic, laparoscopic and open pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma: a propensity score matched international multicenter cohort study.

Background: Ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC) typically presents at an early stage due to biliary obstruction and therefore might be specifically suitable for minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD). However, studies assessing MIPD specifically for AAC, including the robotic and laparoscopic approach, are limited. The aim of this study is to compare short- and long-term oncological resection and perioperative outcomes of robotic (RPD), laparoscopic (LPD) and open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD) performed specifically for AAC.

Biglycan-driven risk stratification in ZFTA-RELA fusion supratentorial ependymomas through transcriptome profiling.

Recent genomic studies have allowed the subdivision of intracranial ependymomas into molecularly distinct groups with highly specific clinical features and outcomes. The majority of supratentorial ependymomas (ST-EPN) harbor ZFTA-RELA fusions which were designated, in general, as an intermediate risk tumor variant. However, molecular prognosticators within ST-EPN ZFTA-RELA have not been determined yet.

Comprehensive histopathological analysis of gastric cancer in European and Latin America populations reveals differences in PDL1, HER2, p53 and MUC6 expression.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) burden is currently evolving with regional differences associated with complex behavioural, environmental, and genetic risk factors. The LEGACy study is a Horizon 2020-funded multi-institutional research project conducted prospectively to provide comprehensive data on the tumour biological characteristics of gastroesophageal cancer from European and LATAM countries.

Material And Methods: Treatment-naïve advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma patients were prospectively recruited in seven European and LATAM countries.

Oligometastatic Esophagogastric Cancer: Does It Exist and How Do We Treat It?

Purpose Of The Review: This narrative review aims to provide an overview of recently completed randomized trials and expert consensus recommendations, and their implications for clinical practice and future trial design in patients with de-novo esophagogastric oligometastatic disease (OMD).

Recent Findings: The IKF-575/RENAISSANCE phase III trial showed no significant overall survival difference between systemic therapy alone and systemic therapy combined with local therapy for patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer and de-novo OMD, except for patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastases only. The ESO-Shanghai 13 phase II trial demonstrated superiority of adding local therapy to systemic therapy for progression-free and overall survival in oligometastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Prevalence and determinants of metabolic syndrome in 2338 childhood cancer survivors: A Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor LATER 2 study.

Background: Because the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) might contribute to childhood cancer survivor's excess risk of cardiovascular disease, the authors assessed the prevalence and determinants of MetS in the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS-LATER2) cohort.

Methods: In total, 2338 adult childhood cancer survivors (CCS) were cross-sectionally assessed for the prevalence of MetS, using the Lifelines cohort (N = 132,226 adults without a history of cancer) as references. The prevalence of MetS was clinically assessed using existing classifications, as well as an alternative method using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry fat% instead of waist circumference to define abdominal adiposity.

Integrating genetic subtypes with PET scan monitoring to predict outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Next Generation Sequencing-based subtyping and interim- and end of treatment positron emission tomography (i/eot-PET) monitoring have high potential for upfront and on-treatment risk assessment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. We performed Dana Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and LymphGen genetic subtyping for the HOVON84 (n = 208, EudraCT-2006-005174-42) and PETAL (n = 204, EudraCT-2006-001641-33) trials retrospectively combined with DFCI genetic data (n = 304). For all R-CHOP treated patients (n = 592), C5/MCD- and C2/A53-subtypes show significantly worse outcome independent of the international prognostic index.

Enterocyte-like differentiation defines metabolic gene signatures of CMS3 colorectal cancers and provides therapeutic vulnerability.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is stratified into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS1-4). CMS3 represents the metabolic subtype, but its wiring remains largely undefined. To identify the underlying tumorigenesis of CMS3, organoids derived from 16 genetically engineered mouse models are analyzed.

Longevity of antibody responses is associated with distinct antigen-specific B cell subsets early after infection.

Introduction: Upon infection, T cell-driven B cell responses in GC reactions induce memory B cells and antibody-secreting cells that secrete protective antibodies. How formation of specifically long-lived plasma cells is regulated via the interplay between specific B and CD4+ T cells is not well understood. Generally, antibody levels decline over time after clearance of the primary infection.

Incidence and Outcomes of Patients With Mismatch Repair Deficient Rectal Cancer Operated in 2016: A Nationwide Cohort From The Netherlands.

Introduction: Data regarding the incidence and outcomes of mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) rectal cancer is limited. This study characterizes dMMR rectal cancer patients, comparing response after neoadjuvant radiotherapy and oncological outcomes to mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) rectal cancer patients.

Method: A retrospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in 67 Dutch centers.

Deep learning on CT scans to predict checkpoint inhibitor treatment outcomes in advanced melanoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment has proven successful for advanced melanoma, but is associated with potentially severe toxicity and high costs. Accurate biomarkers for response are lacking. The present work is the first to investigate the value of deep learning on CT imaging of metastatic lesions for predicting ICI treatment outcomes in advanced melanoma.