COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: How discrepant public health discourses shape responsibility for fetal health.

Early in COVID-19 vaccine rollout, expert recommendations about vaccination while pregnant and breastfeeding changed rapidly. This paper addresses the (re)production of gendered power relations in these expert discourses and recommendations in Canada. We collected texts about COVID-19 vaccine use in pregnancy (N ​= ​52) that Canadian health organizations (e.

Outcomes of immunocompromised children hospitalized for Influenza, 2010-2021, the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT).

Objectives: To evaluate immunocompromising conditions and subgroups of immunocompromise as risk factors for severe outcomes among children admitted for influenza.

Methods: We performed active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations among children ≤16 years old at the 12 Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active hospitals, during 2010-2021. Logistic regression analyses were used to compare outcomes between immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised children, and for different subgroups of immunocompromise.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care physicians and nurses in Nova Scotia: a qualitative exploratory study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought immense disruption worldwide, dramatically altering the ways we live, work and learn on a day-to-day basis; however, few studies have investigated this from the perspective of primary care providers. In this study, we sought to explore the experiences of primary care providers in the province of Nova Scotia, with the intention of understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care providers' ability to provide care, their information pathways, and the personal and professional impact of the pandemic.

Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative research study involving semistructured interviews conducted via Zoom videoconferencing or telephone with primary care providers (physicians, nurse practitioners and family practice nurses) who self-identified as working in primary health care in Nova Scotia from June 2020 to April 2021.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Older Adults.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of acute respiratory infection, lower respiratory tract disease, clinical complications, and death in older adults. There is currently no licensed vaccine against RSV infection.

Methods: In an ongoing, international, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, adults 60 years of age or older to receive a single dose of an AS01-adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein-based candidate vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) or placebo before the RSV season.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of maternal immunization against pertussis in Alberta using agent-based modeling: A Canadian immunization research network study.

Introduction: The re-emergence of pertussis has occurred in the past two decades in developed countries. The highest morbidity and mortality is seen among infants. Vaccination in pregnancy is recommended to reduce the pertussis burden in infants.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic data on vaccine response in relation to exposure to five principal perfluoroalkyl substances.

Background: Epidemiologic studies of serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and antibody response to vaccines have suggested an adverse association, but the consistency and magnitude of this association remain unclear.

Objective: The goal of this systematic review was to determine the size of the association between a doubling in perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) serum concentration and difference in log antibody concentration following a vaccine, with a focus on five PFAS: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA).

Data Source: We conducted online searches of PubMed and Web of Science through May 17, 2022 and identified 14 eligible reports published from 2012 to 2022.

Trends and characteristics of Tdap vaccination during pregnancy in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: In February 2018, Canada's National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) recommended tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination during pregnancy to protect newborns against pertussis infection. We sought to describe pre- and postrecommendation trends in Tdap vaccination coverage among pregnant Ontario residents.

Methods: Using linked health administrative databases, we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of all pregnant individuals who gave birth in Ontario hospitals between April 2012 and March 2020.

Nifuroxazide Activates the Parthanatos to Overcome TMPRSS2:ERG Fusion-Positive Prostate Cancer.

Fusion of the E-26 transformation-specific (ETS)-related gene (ERG) with transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) is a crucial step in the occurrence and progression of approximately 50% of prostate cancers. Despite significant progress in drug discovery, ERG inhibitors have yet to be approved for the clinical treatment of prostate cancer. In this study, we used computer-aided drug design (CADD)-based virtual screening to screen for potential inhibitors of ERG.

Vaccination in Pregnancy against Pertussis: A Consensus Statement on Behalf of the Global Pertussis Initiative.

Infants are at high risk for severe morbidity and mortality from pertussis disease during early infancy. Vaccination against pertussis in pregnancy has emerged as the ideal strategy to protect infants during these early, vulnerable, first months of life. On 30 November and 1 December 2021, the Global Pertussis Initiative held a meeting that aimed to discuss and review the most up-to-date scientific literature supporting vaccination against pertussis in pregnancy and outstanding scientific questions.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a ChAd155-Vectored Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine in Healthy RSV-Seropositive Children 12-23 Months of Age.

Background: Safe and effective respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines remain elusive. This was a phase I/II trial (NCT02927873) of ChAd155-RSV, an investigational chimpanzee adenovirus-RSV vaccine expressing 3 proteins (fusion, nucleoprotein, and M2-1), administered to 12-23-month-old RSV-seropositive children followed up for 2 years after vaccination.

Methods: Children were randomized to receive 2 doses of ChAd155-RSV or placebo (at a 1:1 ratio) (days 1 and 31).

A narrative review of vaccine pharmacovigilance during mass vaccination campaigns: Focus on myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination.

Vaccines have had a tremendous impact on reducing the burden of infectious diseases; however, they have the potential to cause adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). Prelicensure clinical trials are limited in their ability to detect rare AEFIs that may occur in less than one per thousand individuals. While postmarketing surveillance systems have shown COVID-19 mRNA vaccines to be safe, they led to the identification of rare cases of myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination that were not initially detected in clinical trials.

Healthcare provider awareness, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors regarding the role of pharmacists as immunizers.

We explored perceptions of healthcare providers in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick about pharmacists as immunizers. Pharmacists' scopes of practice are increasingly broadening to include immunization, and providers and policymakers may find meaning in the lessons we learned. Invitations to participate in our online survey were circulated by professional associations, health authorities, and in social media posts.

New insights into pathogenesis: Role of leukemia inhibitory factor.

is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Since the symptoms of infection are often subtle or absent, most people are unaware of their infection until they are tested or develop severe complications such as infertility. It is believed that the primary culprit of -associated tissue damage is unresolved chronic inflammation, resulting in aberrant production of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as dysregulated tissue influx of innate and adaptive immune cells.

Adverse Events Following Immunization With mRNA and Viral Vector Vaccines in Individuals With Previous Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection From the Canadian National Vaccine Safety Network.

Background: Adults previously infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop short-term immunity and may have increased reactogenicity to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. This prospective, multicenter, active-surveillance cohort study examined the short-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in adults with a prior history of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: Canadian adults vaccinated between 22 December 2020 and 27 November 2021 were sent an electronic questionnaire 7 days post-dose 1, dose 2, and dose 3 vaccination.

Characteristics and Roles of T Follicular Helper Cells in SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Response.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination is critical to controlling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, a weak response to the vaccine and insufficient persistence of specific antibodies may threaten the global impact of mass vaccination campaigns. This study summarizes the internal factors of the body that affect the effectiveness of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Bactericidal Activity of Carvacrol against Involves Alteration of Membrane Fluidity and Integrity through Interaction with Membrane Phospholipids.

Background: Carvacrol, a mono-terpenoid phenol found in herbs, such as oregano and thyme, has excellent antibacterial properties against . However, its mechanism of bactericidal activity on has not been elucidated.

Objectives: This study investigated the bactericidal mechanism of carvacrol using three strains of .

COVID-19 Vaccination Delivery in Long-Term-Care using the CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) System: Mixed Methods study of Implementation Drivers.

Objectives: CARD (comfort, ask, relax, distract) is a vaccine delivery framework that includes interventions to improve the patient's experience. CARD has not been previously implemented in long-term care (LTC) settings. This study evaluated drivers to implementation for COVID-19 vaccinations in an LTC facility.

Risk factors for mechanical complications of peripherally inserted central catheters in children.

Objective: To determine risk factors for mechanical (noninfectious) complications in peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in children.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Pediatric tertiary-care center in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Patient perspectives on primary care for multimorbidity: An integrative review.

Introduction: Improving healthcare for people with multiple chronic or ongoing conditions is receiving increased attention, particularly due to the growing number of people experiencing multimorbidity (MM) and concerns about the sustainability of the healthcare system. Primary care has been promoted as an important resource for supporting people with MM to live well with their conditions and to prevent unnecessary use of health care services. However, traditional primary care has been criticized for not centring the needs and preferences of people with MM themselves.

Impact of respiratory viral infections on mortality and critical illness among hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Seasonal respiratory viral infections are associated with exacerbations and morbidity among patients with COPD. The real-world clinical outcomes associated with seasonal viral infections are less well established among hospitalized patients.

Research Question: To estimate the association between seasonal respiratory viral infections, 30-day mortality, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission among hospitalized COPD patients.

Safety of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy: a Canadian National Vaccine Safety (CANVAS) network cohort study.

Background: Pregnant individuals have been receiving COVID-19 vaccines following pre-authorisation clinical trials in non-pregnant people. This study aimed to determine the frequency and nature of significant health events among pregnant females after COVID-19 vaccination, compared with unvaccinated pregnant controls and vaccinated non-pregnant individuals.

Methods: We did an observational cohort study, set in seven Canadian provinces and territories including Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia, Alberta, Nova Scotia, Yukon, and Prince Edward Island.

Revaccination and Adverse Event Recurrence in Patients with Adverse Events following Immunization.

Objectives: To estimate the risk of recurrence of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) upon revaccination and to determine among patients with suspected vaccine allergy whether allergy skin test positivity was associated with AEFI recurrence.

Study Design: This prospective observational study included patients assessed in the Canadian Special Immunization Clinic Network from 2013 to 2019 with AEFIs who required revaccination with the vaccine temporally associated with their AEFI. Participants underwent standardized assessment and data collection.

COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation and death in veterans according to frailty status during the SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in the USA: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Studies have shown that COVID-19 vaccination is effective at preventing infection and death in older populations. However, whether vaccination effectiveness is reduced in patients with frailty is unclear. We aimed to compare vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation and death after COVID-19 during the surge of the delta (B.