Naturalistic Driving: A Framework and Advances in Using Big Data.

Driving is an activity that facilitates physical, cognitive, and social stimulation in older adults, ultimately leading to better physical and cognitive health. However, aging is associated with declines in vision, physical health, and cognitive health, all of which can affect driving ability. One way of assessing driving ability is with the use of sensors in the older adult's own vehicle.

Multiple chronic medical conditions and associated driving risk: a systematic review.

Background: Numerous medical conditions can affect one's ability to operate a motor vehicle. The likelihood of having multiple medical conditions increases with advancing age; however, the interplay of the associated impairments has not been previously addressed in the literature.

Objective: To identify the incremental risks for the effects of multiple chronic medical conditions on driving ability and crash risk.

The role of reduced fitness to drive due to medical impairments in explaining crashes involving older drivers.

Background: Medical conditions and associated impairments are known to be more prevalent with aging and can potentially impact the function and crash risk of older drivers.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of specific medical conditions and associated impairments on older driver crash risk.

Methods: A search identified reports and peer-reviewed publications evaluating the risk for medical conditions and associated crash risk.

Measurement of driving patterns of older adults using data logging devices with and without global positioning system capability.

Background: Methods to study driving patterns and exposure of older drivers have typically relied on surveys or driving diaries. Electronic data logging devices may offer a reliable, alternative method of measuring driving exposure, and global positioning system (GPS) technology may be able to provide further information about driving patterns.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare a driving diary with two electronic data logging devices, one of which had GPS capability, in order to identify which method best assesses the driving exposure and habits of older drivers as well as the method most acceptable to study participants.

Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a clinical syndrome manifested by signs and symptoms of irritation of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome has been studied but its effectiveness is unknown.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome versus placebo injection or other non-surgical interventions.

Motor impairment rehabilitation post acquired brain injury.

Objective: We sought to investigate the efficacy of treatment strategies used to manage motor impairments following acquired brain injury (ABI) in order to provide guidance for clinical practice based on the best available evidence.

Methods And Main Outcomes: A systematic review of the literature from 1980-2005 was conducted focusing on pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and exercise interventions available for motor impairments post ABI. The efficacy of a given intervention was classified as strong (supported by two or more randomized controlled trials (RCTs)), moderate (supported by a single RCT), or limited (supported by other types of studies in the absence of RCTs).

The acceptability to older drivers of different types of licensing restriction.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the acceptability of various driving restrictions to older drivers. Licensed drivers aged 65 years or more living in the community in the Ottawa, Ontario area were recruited by means of posters and advertisements in regional and local newspapers. We recruited 86 subjects, 56 men and 30 women with a mean age of 75 years (50 urban and 36 rural residents).

An exploratory study on the predictive elements of passing on-the-road tests for disabled persons.

Objectives: Driving evaluations are performed by Occupational Therapists to evaluate drivers with disability. They include both off-road and on-road assessments. Many aspects of driving are examined during the on-road assessment.