Incidence of endometrial cancer in BRCA mutation carriers.

Objective: Whether or not women who harbor a germline pathogenic variant ('mutation') in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes are at elevated risk of developing endometrial cancer is yet to be determined.

Methods: We conducted a prospective analysis of 4959 BRCA mutation carriers with no prior history of cancer (except for breast or melanoma) and an intact uterus.

Results: After a mean of 6.

Breastfeeding and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Objective: BRCA mutation carriers face a high lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer. The strong inverse association between breastfeeding and the risk of ovarian cancer is established in the general population but is less well studied among women with a germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Method: Thus, we conducted a matched case-control analysis to evaluate the association between breastfeeding history and the risk of developing ovarian cancer.

A comparison of ovarian cancer mortality in women with BRCA1 mutations undergoing annual ultrasound screening or preventive oophorectomy.

Objective: To compare the survival experience of women with a BRCA1 mutation who enrolled in an ovarian cancer screening program with that of women who opted for preventive oophorectomy.

Methods: We followed 1964 women with a BRCA1 mutation and two ovaries intact in a prospective study. No women had ovarian cancer or had a bilateral oophorectomy prior to study initiation.

Age-specific ovarian cancer risks among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Objectives: For women at high risk of developing ovarian cancer, it is important to provide an accurate recommendation for the optimal age for preventive surgery in order to maximize the preventative effect while delaying symptoms associated with early surgical menopause. The goal of the current study was to estimate age-specific incidence rates of ovarian cancer among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Methods: From our international registry, we identified 5689 women with no previous diagnosis of ovarian or fallopian tube cancer or preventive oophorectomy.

Risk of breast cancer after a diagnosis of ovarian cancer in BRCA mutation carriers: Is preventive mastectomy warranted?

Objective: Preventive breast surgery and MRI screening are offered to unaffected BRCA mutation carriers. The clinical benefit of these two modalities has not been evaluated among mutation carriers with a history of ovarian cancer. Thus, we sought to determine whether or not BRCA mutation carriers with ovarian cancer would benefit from preventive mastectomy or from MRI screening.

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer: A review.

Epithelial ovarian cancers can be divided into the more common, aggressive type II cancers and the less common, slow-growing type I cancers. Under this model, serous ovarian carcinomas can be subdivided into high-grade (type II) and low-grade (type I) tumours. The two-tier system for grading serous ovarian carcinomas is superior to more detailed grading systems in terms of predicting survival.

A model for ovarian cancer progression based on inherent resistance.

Objective: Women with ovarian cancer are treated with debulking surgery and chemotherapy. The bulk of ovarian cancer cells are resistant to chemotherapy prior to the death of the patient. It is not clear if chemoresistance is an acquired property of cells under the selective pressure of chemotherapy or if it is an innate property of a small proportion of cancer cells from the outset.

Treatment of infertility does not increase the risk of ovarian cancer among women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between use of fertility medication (i.e., selective estrogen receptor [ER] modulator, gonadotropin, or other) or infertility treatment (i.

Ten-year survival after epithelial ovarian cancer is not associated with BRCA mutation status.

Objectives: After a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, positive BRCA mutation status confers a transient mortality benefit that diminishes with time. The majority of women who survive for 10-12 years are effectively cured of their disease. Thus, it is important to estimate the probability of long-term survival by BRCA mutation status and treatment-related factors.

A model for estimating ovarian cancer risk: application for preventive oophorectomy.

Objective: It is important to identify women in the population who have a high risk of ovarian cancer and who might benefit from prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The probability that a woman will develop ovarian cancer depends on her current age, her reproductive history and her genetic status.

Methods: We simulated the distribution of ovarian cancer risk for the 2011 Ontario female population.

Why have ovarian cancer mortality rates declined? Part III. Prospects for the future.

Over the last 40 years, the age-adjusted ovarian cancer mortality rate in the USA declined by 23%. The decline in mortality paralleled a decline in incidence, which was largely due to changes in reproductive risk factors. There was no reduction in ovarian cancer case-fatality at 12 years, indicating that improvements in early detection or in treatment did not contribute to the decline in mortality.

Why have ovarian cancer mortality rates declined? Part II. Case-fatality.

In the United States, the age-adjusted mortality rate from ovarian cancer declined by 8% from 1975 to 1991 and by 18% from 1992 to 2011. A decline in the incidence rate of ovarian cancer paralleled the decline in mortality (described in Part I). The decline in mortality might also be due to a reduced proportion of ovarian cancer patients who die from their cancer (case-fatality).

Why have ovarian cancer mortality rates declined? Part I. Incidence.

The age-adjusted mortality rate from ovarian cancer in the United States has declined over the past several decades. The decline in mortality might be the consequence of a reduced number of cases (incidence) or a reduction in the proportion of patients who die from their cancer (case-fatality). In part I of this three-part series, we examine rates of ovarian cancer incidence and mortality from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry database and we explore to what extent the observed decline in mortality can be explained by a downward shift in the stage distribution of ovarian cancer (i.

Clinical outcomes in women with breast cancer and a PALB2 mutation: a prospective cohort analysis.

Background: Mutations in PALB2 predispose to breast cancer, but the effect on prognosis of carrying a PALB2 mutation has not been ascertained. We aimed to estimate the odds ratio for breast cancer in women with an inherited mutation in PALB2 and 10-year survival after breast cancer in patients who carry a PALB2 mutation.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2012, patients with invasive breast cancer were recruited prospectively from 18 hospitals in Poland and genotyped for two deleterious mutations in PALB2 (509_510delGA and 172_175delTTGT).