A retrospective analysis of medical student authorship in highest impact radiology journal publications.

Objectives: To assess medical student authorship in radiology research, focusing on the prevalence and impact of student articles, demographic trends, and potential barriers and opportunities for involvement.

Methods: We retrospectively assessed original research and review papers from 2018 to 2022 in the top five radiology journals based on their 2022 Impact Factor. Three reviewers manually validated and classified articles by medical student (MS) and non-MS authorship.

Community and Hospital Healthcare Use by Adults With and Without Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Ontario, Canada, During the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: This study describes the proportion of Ontario adults with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) who used community- and hospital-based healthcare in the first 2 years of the pandemic compared with the year pre-COVID-19.

Methods: Linked health administrative databases identified 87 341 adults with IDD and also adults without IDD living in Ontario, Canada. For each cohort, counts and proportions of adults who used different types of healthcare services were reported for the pre-COVID-19 year (16 March 2019 to 14 March 2020) and the first two COVID-19 years (15 March 2020 to 14 March 2021 and 15 March 2021 to 14 March 2022).

'I wish I had been better prepared': a mixed-methods study of psychological reactions, perceptions and opinions of cardiovascular preparticipation screening among young competitive athletes.

Objective: To evaluate the psychological reactions, perceptions and opinions of cardiovascular preparticipation screening (PPS) among young competitive athletes.

Methods: This convergent parallel mixed-methods study recruited 222 athletes (mean age: 18.7 years) who underwent PPS at a Canadian university.

Chronic disease prevalence and preventive care among Ontario social housing residents compared with the general population: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Older adults living in social housing report poor health and access to healthcare services. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic diseases, influenza vaccination and cancer screenings among social housing residents versus non-residents in Ontario, Canada.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study for all health-insured Ontarians alive and aged 40 or older as of 1 January 2020.

Impact of changes in primary care attachment: a scoping review.

Objectives: Primary care attachment represents an inclusive, equitable and cost-effective way of enhancing health outcomes globally. However, the growing shortage of family physicians threatens to disrupt patient-provider relationships. Understanding the consequences of these disruptions is essential for guiding future research and policy.

Understanding patient safety during earthquakes: a phenomenological study of disaster response.

Background: Natural hazards, such as earthquakes, pose a significant risk to both the public and healthcare professionals, jeopardising patient safety due to the disruption of healthcare systems and services. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of healthcare professionals concerning patient safety during natural hazards, specifically earthquakes.

Methods: Employing a descriptive phenomenological approach, the study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines.

Mutations in hnRNP A1 drive neurodegeneration and alternative RNA splicing of neuronal gene targets.

RNA binding protein dysfunction is a pathogenic feature of multiple neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Neurodegeneration (the loss of, or damage to neurons and axons) is the primary driver of disease progression in MS. Herein, we utilized a novel, neuron-specific model of neurodegeneration by transducing primary mouse neurons with mutant forms of the RNA binding protein heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) identified from MS patients, including one within the M9-nuclear localization sequence of hnRNP A1 (A1(P275S)) and a second in the prion-like domain of hnRNP A1 (A1(F263S)) to test the hypothesis that neuronal hnRNP A1 dysfunction drives neurodegeneration in MS.

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab in microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer (CheckMate 8HW): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial.

Background: CheckMate 8HW prespecified dual primary endpoints, assessed in patients with centrally confirmed microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient status: progression-free survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared with chemotherapy as first-line therapy and progression-free survival with nivolumab plus ipilimumab compared with nivolumab alone, regardless of previous systemic treatment for metastatic disease. In our previous report, nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed superior progression-free survival versus chemotherapy in first-line microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer in the CheckMate 8HW trial. Here, we report results from the prespecified interim analysis for the other primary endpoint of progression-free survival for nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus nivolumab across all treatment lines.

Topography of putative bi-directional interaction between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples and neocortical slow oscillations.

Systems consolidation relies on coordination between hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) and neocortical UP/DOWN states during sleep. However, whether this coupling exists across the neocortex and the mechanisms enabling it remains unknown. By combining electrophysiology in mouse hippocampus (HPC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) with wide-field imaging of the dorsal neocortex, we found spatially and temporally precise bi-directional hippocampo-neocortical interaction.

"It's Allowing Space for Vulnerability": Exploring Athletes' Experiences With Trust in Interdependent Sport.

Despite trust being associated with a range of favorable outcomes across high-performing team contexts (e.g., enhanced satisfaction, performance), efforts to investigate the meaning of trust in sport remain limited.

Toward cognitive models of misophonia.

Misophonia is a disorder in which specific common sounds such as another person breathing or chewing, or the ticking of a clock, cause an atypical negative emotional response. Affected individuals may experience anger, irritability, annoyance, disgust, and anxiety, as well as physiological autonomic responses, and may find everyday environments and contexts to be unbearable in which their 'misophonic stimuli' (often called 'trigger sounds') are present. Misophonia is gradually being recognized as a genuine problem that causes significant distress and has negative consequences for individuals and their families.

Has the documentation of chest injuries and the development of systemic complications in patients with long bone fractures changed over time?-A systematic literature review and meta-analysis by the IMPACT expert group.

Introduction: Blunt chest trauma represents a major risk factor for complications in polytrauma patients. Various scoring systems have emerged, but their impact is not fully appreciated. This review evaluates changes in chest trauma scoring over time and potential shifts in complication rates linked to modified surgical approaches in long bone fractures.

Radiofrequency-thermocoagulation in pediatric epilepsy surgery: A systematic review and pooled analysis of cases.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review on radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RF-TC) in pediatric epilepsy surgery. In addition, due to the low number of dedicated pediatric series, to conduct a pooled analysis of cases published in the literature.

Methods: We conducted a literature search using PUBMED and EMBASE which produced 432 results.

Natural history progression of MRI brain volumetrics in type II late-infantile and juvenile GM1 gangliosidosis patients.

Objective: GM1 gangliosidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of GM1 gangliosides in neuronal cells, resulting in severe neurodegeneration. Currently, limited data exists on the brain volumetric changes associated with this disease. This study focuses on the late-infantile and juvenile subtypes of type II GM1 gangliosidosis, aiming to quantify brain volumetric characteristics to track disease progression.

Housing matters: The long-term impact of stable housing on mortality among people with HIV in British Columbia, Canada.

Aim: For several decades, British Columbia (BC), Canada, has been experiencing a housing crisis marked by a shortage of safe and affordable housing, which coincides with a severe drug poisoning epidemic in the region. We explore the impact of housing instability on mortality (all-cause, drug-related) among a cohort of people with HIV (PWH) in BC.

Methods: Data are from the Longitudinal Investigation into Supportive and Ancillary Health Services (LISA) study (n = 997).

Musculoskeletal model predictions sensitivity to upper body mass scaling during gait.

Musculoskeletal modeling based on inverse dynamics provides a cost-effective non-invasive means for calculating intersegmental joint reaction forces and moments, solely relying on kinematic data, easily obtained from smart wearables. On the other hand, the accuracy and precision of such models strongly hinge upon the selected scaling methodology tailored to subject-specific data. This study investigates the impact of upper body mass distribution on internal and external kinetics computed using a comprehensive musculoskeletal model during level walking in both normal weight and obese individuals.

Towards contrast-agnostic soft segmentation of the spinal cord.

Spinal cord segmentation is clinically relevant and is notably used to compute spinal cord cross-sectional area (CSA) for the diagnosis and monitoring of cord compression or neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. While several semi and automatic methods exist, one key limitation remains: the segmentation depends on the MRI contrast, resulting in different CSA across contrasts. This is partly due to the varying appearance of the boundary between the spinal cord and the cerebrospinal fluid that depends on the sequence and acquisition parameters.

Diagnostic accuracy of an automated classifier for the detection of pleural effusions in patients undergoing lung ultrasound.

Rationale: Lung ultrasound, the most precise diagnostic tool for pleural effusions, is underutilized due to healthcare providers' limited proficiency. To address this, deep learning models can be trained to recognize pleural effusions. However, current models lack the ability to diagnose effusions in diverse clinical contexts, which presents significant challenges.

Brain microenvironment-remodeling nanomedicine improves cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

The development of disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease remains challenging due to the complex pathology and the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Previously we have described the investigation of a brain-penetrating multifunctional bioreactive nanoparticle system capable of remodeling the hypoxic and inflammatory brain microenvironment and reducing beta-amyloid plaques improving cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Despite the linkage of hypoxia and inflammation to metabolic alteration, the effects of this system on modulating cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function remained to be elucidated.

Web Visualization for Spatiotemporal Genomic Epidemiology, Annotation, and Mutation Dynamics of Orthohantavirus hantanense Using Nextstrain.

The phylogeographic inference approach aims to connect genomic data with epidemiology to understand the spread and evolution of pathogens using visualization of spatiotemporal reconstructions. Orthohantavirus hantanense (HTNV), the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), represents a significant global public health concern. Here, we introduce a localized Nextstrain platform for HTNV, offering a comprehensive resource for facilitating spatiotemporal genomic surveillance and the study of evolutionary dynamics of viral genomes.

An exploratory survey assessing the determinants of heat stress and heat strain in the Canadian mining industry from the worker's perspective.

With mines extending deeper and rising surface temperatures, workers are exposed to hotter environments. This study aimed to characterize heat stress and strain in the Canadian mining industry and evaluate the utility of the Heat Strain Score Index (HSSI), combined with additional self-reported adverse health outcomes. An exploratory web-based survey was conducted among workers ( = 119) in the Canadian mining industry.