Dataset linking women's maternity care experiences with hospital environment and governance in Ireland.

Many scholars argue that there is a deepening crisis of trust in healthcare systems. What is not contested is the centrality of public trust in building reputational value in healthcare organisations. However, there is a dearth of research focused on better understanding how trust in healthcare institutions, and the healthcare workforce, can be sustainably cultivated.

Addressing Known hypertensive disOrders of pregnancy in woMen of African descent in Canada (AKOMA): protocol for a mixed method study.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) predispose a woman to maternity-related cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, there is limited literature on HDP among women of African descent in Canada.

Methods And Design: A convergent mixed-method study will be used to investigate the intersection of self-reported HDP risks in women of African descent in Canada with a history of a HDP (quantitative, cross-sectional survey) and explore the perception and experiences of women of African descent living in Canada with a history of a HDP in relation to the intersection of risk factors (critical qualitative inquiry, interviews).

Csec-net: a novel deep features fusion and entropy-controlled firefly feature selection framework for leukemia classification.

Leukemia, a life-threatening form of cancer, poses a significant global health challenge affecting individuals of all age groups, including both children and adults. Currently, the diagnostic process relies on manual analysis of microscopic images of blood samples. In recent years, machine learning employing deep learning approaches has emerged as cutting-edge solutions for image classification problems.

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy.

Food allergy is defined as an adverse immunologic response to a food. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions to foods are associated with a broad range of signs and symptoms that may involve any of the following body systems: the skin, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and cardiovascular system. IgE-mediated food allergy is a leading cause of anaphylaxis.

The role of paternal support in breastfeeding outcomes: a meta-analytic review.

Background: The advantages of breastfeeding for maternal and child health have been widely acknowledged on an international scale. However, there is a paucity of research regarding the effectiveness of paternal support in breastfeeding. This study aimed to systematically review the impact of paternal support interventions on breastfeeding and to contribute additional evidence to inform current breastfeeding practices.

Clinical assessment of urinary prostate cancer antigen 3 in Chinese population: a large-scale, prospective and multicenter study.

Background: To assess the clinical utility of PCA3 in the diagnostic accuracy, the correlation between PCA3 and biopsy or pathological characteristics and the performance of PCA3 to reduce the unnecessary biopsies in Chinese population.

Methods: A prospective study including patients with indication of prostate biopsies from 4 centers was conducted. All patients underwent PCA3 urine tests and prostate biopsies.

Assessing feasibility and acceptability of increasing access to sexual and reproductive health and rights through pharmacy outlets and community health volunteers: lessons from pilot study in Kenya.

Background: Both unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion are major public health problems in Kenya. The World Health Organization recommends the use of medication abortion to stop unwanted pregnancies. However, the extent of provision and uptake of medication abortion through private pharmacies in Kenya is not well known.

Use of advanced topic modeling to generate domains for a preference-based index in osteoarthritis.

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQL) is an important endpoint when evaluating the effectiveness of interventions in people living with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to generate domains for a new OA-specific preference-based index of HRQL in people living with hip or knee OA.

Methods: The proposed HRQL index was based on a formative measurement model.

More than a feeling: emotional regulation strategies for simulation-based education.

Simulation-based education often involves learners or teams attempting to manage situations at the limits of their abilities. As a result, it can elicit emotional reactions in participants. These emotions are not good or bad, they simply are.

Sex-differences in the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome: results from a large Ontario, Canada worker cohort.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a prevalent cumulative strain injury associated with occupational risk factors such as vibration, repetitive and forceful wrist movements, and awkward wrist postures. This study aimed to identify Ontario workers at elevated risk for CTS and to explore sex differences in CTS risk among workers.

Methods: The Occupational Disease Surveillance System (ODSS) links accepted lost time compensation claims to health administrative databases.

Facilitators' experiences with virtual simulation and their impact on learning.

Background: Increasingly, virtual simulations are being integrated into higher education. A successful experience goes far beyond simply offering learners access to a virtual simulation; it requires a facilitator who understands the learners' needs and course objectives, choses the right virtual simulation for the learner, creates a welcoming space that promotes learning, and evaluates the experience.

Methods: Facilitators from three different healthcare programs and six educational institutions and students from two different healthcare programs were included in this exploratory qualitative research study.

Proportional Assist Ventilation for Minimizing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation (the PROMIZING study): update to the statistical analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: We previously published the protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomized controlled trial of Proportional Assist Ventilation for Minimizing the Duration of Mechanical Ventilation: the PROMIZING study in Trials ( https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07163-w ).

vmrseq: probabilistic modeling of single-cell methylation heterogeneity.

Single-cell DNA methylation measurements reveal genome-scale inter-cellular epigenetic heterogeneity, but extreme sparsity and noise challenges rigorous analysis. Previous methods to detect variably methylated regions (VMRs) have relied on predefined regions or sliding windows and report regions insensitive to heterogeneity level present in input. We present vmrseq, a statistical method that overcomes these challenges to detect VMRs with increased accuracy in synthetic benchmarks and improved feature selection in case studies.

Promoting trans patient autonomy in surgical preparation for phalloplasty and metoidioplasty: results from a community-based cross-sectional survey and implications for preoperative assessments.

Background: Some transgender and nonbinary people undergo phalloplasty and/or metoidioplasty as part of their medical transition process. Across surgical disciplines, a variety of resources are used to assist patients who are preparing for surgeries, including educational materials, workshops, peer support, and lifestyle changes. For gender-affirming surgeries, patients undergoing assessments to discern whether they are ready to undergo the surgery, and to assist them in achieving preparedness when needed.

Engaging fathers(to-be): a pilot study on the adaptation and programme experience of SMS4baba intervention in Kenya's informal settlements.

Background: Engaging fathers(to-be) can improve maternal, newborn, and child health outcomes. However, father-focused interventions in low-resource settings are under-researched. As part of an integrated early childhood development pilot cluster randomised trial in Nairobi's informal settlements, this study aimed to test the feasibility of a text-only intervention for fathers (SMS4baba) adapted from one developed in Australia (SMS4dads).

Convergent evolution of type I antifreeze proteins from four different progenitors in response to global cooling.

Alanine-rich, alpha-helical type I antifreeze proteins (AFPs) in fishes are thought to have arisen independently in the last 30 Ma on at least four occasions. This hypothesis has recently been proven for flounder and sculpin AFPs, which both originated by gene duplication and divergence followed by substantial gene copy number expansion. Here, we examined the origins of the cunner (wrasse) and snailfish (liparid) AFPs.

AZR-MD-001 0.5% selenium sulfide ophthalmic ointment for the treatment of contact lens discomfort: A vehicle-controlled, randomized, clinical trial.

Background: Contact lens discomfort (CLD) is a common problem for CL wearers, and patients with CLD often have changes in meibomian gland function and structure. In a Phase 2 trial AZR-MD-001 0.5% (AZR) ophthalmic ointment improved meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in non-lens wearers.

Effects of Nosema ceranae and Lotmaria passim infections on honey bee foraging behaviour and physiology.

Nosema ceranae and Lotmaria passim are two commonly encountered digestive tract parasites of the adult honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). Although these parasites are associated with colony losses, little is known about how they affect individual bee physiology and behaviour at the colony level.

Adherence to introduction of iron-rich solid foods recommendations for infants: an analysis of Canadian Community Health Survey data using cycles 2015-2018.

Background: Globally, guidelines on the introduction of solid foods to a breastfed infant's diet emphasize the importance of iron-rich foods.

Objective: The objective of this study is to report on adherence to Nutrition for Healthy Term Infants (NHTI) guidance on introduction of iron-rich solid foods first in infants living in Canada; and to explore factors associated with adherence using disaggregated data.

Methods: Nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Canadian Community Health Survey annual cycles 2015-2018 from biological mothers delivering an infant in the past 5 years were used (n=7253).

Biological Mechanisms Contradict AI Consciousness: The Spaces Between the Notes.

The presumption that experiential consciousness requires a nervous system and brain has been central to the debate on the possibility of developing a conscious form of artificial intelligence (AI). The likelihood of future AI consciousness or devising tools to assess its presence has focused on how AI might mimic brain-centered activities. Currently, dual general assumptions prevail: AI consciousness is primarily an issue of functional information density and integration, and no substantive technical barriers exist to prevent its achievement.

Assessment and management of frailty in individuals living with dementia: expert recommendations for clinical practice.

Frailty complicates the care of individuals with dementia, increasing their vulnerability to adverse outcomes. This Personal View presents expert recommendations for managing frailty in individuals with dementia, aimed at health-care providers, particularly those in primary care. We conducted a rapid literature review followed by a consensus process involving 18 international experts on dementia and frailty.

Overcoming ammonia inhibition via biochar-assisted anaerobic co-digestion of thermally-treated thickened waste activated sludge and food waste.

The convergence of sustainability and climate change has catalyzed the pursuit of inventive strategies for waste management and sustainable energy production. Hereby, we explored the effect of coupling biochar addition and thermal pretreatment in anaerobic mono-digestion and co-digestion of thermally pretreated thickened waste activated sludge (PTWAS) with food waste (FW). Six semi-continuous lab-scale digesters were operated for 161 days at various organic loading rates (OLR of 2, 3, 4 and 8 kgCOD/m/day) with and without biochar (BC) addition.

Advancing characterization of pyrolysis products: Comprehensive gas chromatography methods for analytes in gas and liquid phases.

The development of biofuel technologies depends on the accurate identification and quantification of products from the conversion processes. Given the complexity of the renewable resources, the availability of biomass, and the versatility of conversion methods, there is a need for characterization methods that provide rapid and reliable analysis for various products coming from different conversion processes with minimal sample preparation. This study develops and validates gas chromatography methods that use multiple detectors to analyze pyrolytic compounds in both gas and liquid phases efficiently in a single, rapid run.