Neuroimaging Augments DCD-N Score in Predicting Time from Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Measures to Death Among Potential Organ Donors.

Background: Controlled donation after circulatory determination of death (DCD) is feasible only if circulatory arrest occurs soon after withdrawal of life-sustaining measures (WLSM). When organ recovery cannot proceed because this time interval is too long, there are potential negative implications, including perceptions of "secondary loss" for patients' families and significant resource consumption. The DCD-N score is a validated clinical tool for predicting rapid death following WLSM.

Ability of Orthodontists to Detect, Interpret and Propose Management Strategies for Incidental Findings on Pre-Treatment Panoramic Radiographs.

Objectives: Radiographs are routinely acquired for orthodontic evaluation, and incidental findings (IFs) may be detected early as part of this routine care. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of IFs on panoramic radiographs taken for orthodontic assessment and evaluate the ability of orthodontists to detect, interpret and recommend management for IFs.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1756 patients aged 7-21 with a panoramic image taken for orthodontic evaluation was performed.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Nanoclay Reinforced Gelatin-Based Hybrid Hydrogel.

Bentonite clay nanoparticles assume a pivotal role in 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering by augmenting the mechanical rigidity and biological efficacy of hydrogels. In this investigation, Span80 was employed as a surfactant to facilitate the synthesis of uniformly sized bentonite nanoparticles measuring approximately 700 nm in diameter. The resultant hybrid hydrogel displaced a marked increase in compressive modulus, achieving a peak value of 17.

CO2 Reduction at a Borane-Modified Iron Complex: A Secondary Coordination Sphere Strategy.

This work addresses fundamental questions that deepen our understanding of secondary coordination sphere effects on carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction using derivatized hydride analogues of the type, [Cp*Fe(diphosphine)H] (Cp* = C5Me5-) - a well-studied family of organometallic complex - as models. More precisely, we describe the general reactivity of [(Cp*-BR2)Fe(diphosphine)H], which contains an intramolecularly positioned Lewis acid, and its cooperative reactivity with CO2. Control experiments underscore the critical nature of borane incorporation for CO2 to reduced products, a reaction that does not occur for unfunctionalized [Cp*Fe(diphosphine)H]).

Sustained quality-of-life improvements over 10 years after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for isolated dystonia.

Background: Bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of subthalamic nucleus (STN) has demonstrated efficacy for ameliorating medication-refractory isolated dystonia. Nonetheless, the paucity of evidence regarding its long-term impact on quality-of-life (QoL) necessitates further investigation.

Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the longitudinal effects of chronic STN stimulation on QoL in patients suffering from isolated dystonia.

Can Large Language Models Aid Caregivers of Pediatric Cancer Patients in Information Seeking? A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

Purpose: Caregivers in pediatric oncology need accurate and understandable information about their child's condition, treatment, and side effects. This study assesses the performance of publicly accessible large language model (LLM)-supported tools in providing valuable and reliable information to caregivers of children with cancer.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the performance of the four LLM-supported tools-ChatGPT (GPT-4), Google Bard (Gemini Pro), Microsoft Bing Chat, and Google SGE-against a set of frequently asked questions (FAQs) derived from the Children's Oncology Group Family Handbook and expert input (In total, 26 FAQs and 104 generated responses).

Sexual violence, secrets, and work: Ruling relations of campus sexual violence policy.

Campus sexual violence complaints involving students might seem easy to record and report, but university campuses in North America have a culture of secrecy and tend to focus on neoliberal approaches. In this paper, I trace the genealogy of a sexual violence policy from an unnamed university to argue that ruling relations make the current provincially mandated stand-alone sexual violence policies into a performative tool that silences expert knowledges, coordinates institutional practices towards a particular type of sexual violence prevention, and re-inforces a broader neoliberal logic in higher education. I explore my argument in the following three sections: the social organization of the policy and prevention campaign, the rules and regulations of the policy, and the neoliberalism of the current sexual violence discourse.

Evaluation and refinement of thresholds for early migration of total knee replacements as an estimator of late aseptic loosening: an updated systematic review of RSA and survival studies.

Background And Purpose:  This study updates 2 parallel systematic reviews and meta-analyses from 2012, which established the 1-year radiostereometric (RSA) migration thresholds for tibial components of total knee replacements (TKR) based on the risk of late revision for aseptic loosening from survival studies. The primary aim of this study was to determine the (mis)categorization rate of the 2012 thresholds using the updated review as a validation dataset. Secondary aims were evaluation of 6-month migration, mean continuous (1- to 2-year) migration, and fixation-specific thresholds for tibial component migration.

Thymic Eosinophils: What Are You Doing Here?

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ where major types of T lymphocytes undergo essential developmental processes. Eosinophils are among the cell types present in microenvironments within the thymus, and perhaps surprisingly, the role of thymic eosinophils, especially during homeostatic conditions, remains unclear. Major physiological events impact thymic organization and function throughout life: including age-related involution, pregnancy, and exposure to chemotherapy or radiation.

Evaluation of MALDI-TOF for identification of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus from growth on agar media.

Two methods were compared for their ability to accurately identify Vibrio species of interest: whole genome sequencing as the reference method and MALDI-TOF MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry) proteome fingerprinting. The accuracy of mass spectrometry-based identification method was evaluated for its ability to accurately identify isolates of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Identification result of each isolate obtained by mass spectrometry was compared to identification by whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Chronic viral mimicry induction following p53 loss promotes immune evasion.

Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.

Exploring B7-H4's role in prostate cancer dormancy post-androgen deprivation therapy: extracellular matrix interactions and therapeutic opportunities.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is mainly managed with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but this often leads to a dormant state and subsequent relapse as lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Using our unique PCa patient-derived xenograft (PDX) dormancy models, we investigated this critical dormant phase and discovered a selective increase in B7-H4 expression during the dormancy period following mouse host castration. This finding is supported by observations in clinical specimens of PCa patients treated with ADT.

Finding the Value: Identifying the Key Elements of Recorded Clinic Visits From the Perspective of Patients, Clinicians, and Caregivers.

Objective: We aimed to understand what patients, caregivers and clinicians identified as the most important information from their audio-recorded clinic visits and why.

Methods: We recruited patients, caregivers and clinicians from primary and speciality care clinics at an academic medical centre in New Hampshire, U.S.

Exploring Patient-Related Contextual Factors and Personal Reflections About the Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) Intervention for Adults With Advanced Cancer in Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Southern Alberta: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: The evidence-based Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) psychotherapeutic intervention was designed to address the complex needs of those with advanced cancer. Ample evidence supports the efficacy of CALM therapy; less is known about the patient-specific factors that influence initiation and continuation of CALM sessions.

Aims: To gain understanding of patient-specific factors and referral routes that influence initiation and continuation of CALM.

Perspectives on Conducting Behavioral Intervention With Adolescents Using a Virtual Platform-A Thematic Analysis From the Viewpoint of Study Coordinators.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread adoption of virtual communication platforms. Virtual study visits were implemented in the pilot cluster randomized trial (CRT) stage of Teen Adherence in KidnEy transplant Improving Tracking To Optimize Outcomes (TAKE-IT TOO). The present study aimed to understand study coordinators' perspectives on conducting a behavioral intervention with adolescent kidney transplant recipients using virtual conferencing platforms.

Structural analysis of a membrane-associated delta-6 fatty acid desaturase from Prorocentrum micans.

Delta-6 fatty acid desaturases, which play key roles in the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are membrane-associated enzymes that present significant challenges for isolation and purification, complicating their structural characterization. Here we report the identification and structure-function analysis of a novel Δ6 fatty acid desaturase (PmD6) from the marine alga Prorocentrum micans with substrate preference to α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). Structural modeling revealed a mushroom-like structure of PmD6 formed by four transmembrane α-helices as a stem and three cytoplasmic domains as a cap.

Rural Canadian emergency physician experiences using point-of-care ultrasound.

Objectives: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a rapidly evolving and clinically significant skill set that has potential for improving patient care for the approximately 7 million Canadians living in rural and under-resourced environments. A national appraisal of rural POCUS training and utilization is needed to understand barriers to funding and training for rural emergency physicians in Canada. The primary objective of this study was to determine the current level of training and types of POCUS utilization by rural emergency physicians in Canada.

Maintenance therapy with a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor after cangrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The ELECTRA-SIRIO 2 investigators' viewpoint.

According to the ESC guidelines, cangrelor may be considered in P2Y12-inhibitor-naïve acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this review is to summarize available evidence on the optimal maintenance therapy with P2Y12 receptor inhibitor after cangrelor. Transitioning from cangrelor to a thienopyridine, but not ticagrelor, can be associated with a drug-drug interaction (DDI); therefore, a ticagrelor loading dose (LD) can be given any time before, during, or at the end of a cangrelor infusion, while a LD of clopidogrel or prasugrel should be administered at the time the infusion of cangrelor ends or within 30 minutes before the end of infusion in the case of a LD of prasugrel.

Confined spaces in space: Cerebral implications of chronic elevations of inspired carbon dioxide and implications for long-duration space travel.

Cerebrovascular regulation is critically dependent upon the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( ), owing to its effect on cerebral blood flow, tissue , tissue proton concentration, cerebral metabolism and cognitive and neuronal function. In normal environments and in the absence of pathology, at least over acute time frames, hypercapnia is usually managed readily via the respiratory chemoreflex arcs and/or acid-base buffering capacity, such that there is minimal impact on cerebrovascular and neurological function. However, in non-normal environments, such as enclosed spaces, or with pathology, extended exposures to elevations in can be detrimental to cerebral health.

Minimally invasive measurement of carotid artery and brain temperature in the mouse.

Purpose: Brain temperature is tightly regulated and reflects a balance between cerebral metabolic heat production and heat transfer between the brain, blood, and external environment. Blood temperature and flow are critical to the regulation of brain temperature. Current methods for measuring in vivo brain and blood temperature are invasive and impractical for use in small animals.

Treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a retrospective case series.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a rare inflammatory disease of the breast. Various clinical management approaches have been described, but their efficacy and optimal sequential order remain uncertain. We describe the first Canadian cohort of patients with IGM, discuss treatment outcomes and outline a practical management approach.

Timing of Delivery of Low-Risk Persons and the Risk of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Offspring: Sweden and British Columbia, Canada.

Background: An evidence gap exists concerning the timing of delivery at 37-42 weeks and the risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring.

Objective: To determine the association between timing of delivery in low-risk pregnancies at term (37-42 weeks) gestations and ADHD in offspring.

Methods: This population-based cohort study comprised 1,424,453 singletons in Sweden and 403,765 in British Columbia (BC), Canada, live-born at 37-42 completed weeks to low-risk pregnant women between 2000 and 2018.