Deterministic patterns in single-cell transcriptomic data.

We report the existence of deterministic patterns in statistical plots of single-cell transcriptomic data. We develop a theory showing that the patterns are neither artifacts introduced by the measurement process nor due to underlying biological mechanisms. Rather they naturally emerge from finite sample size effects.

The North American Repository for Archaeological Isotopes.

Here, we present the North American Repository for Archaeological Isotopes (NARIA), the largest open-access compilation of previously reported isotopic measurements (n = 28,374) from bioarchaeological samples in North America (i.e., Canada, Greenland, Mexico, and the United States of America) covering a time-frame of more than 12,000 years.

Child and youth participation in child protection: Provincial harm reduction policy efforts in the Canadian Province of New Brunswick.

Background: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) affirms interdependent rights to protection and participation, but barriers continue to hinder participation in protection practices.

Objective: What can be learned from young people's participation in their own protection when it comes to harm reduction public policy efforts?

Participants And Setting: This study focused on provincial public policy in New Brunswick, Canada and involved both children and adults in research design and data collection. The provincial Youth Voice Committee was created to inform the development and implementation of the provincial harm reduction strategy.

PbsNRs: predict the potential binders and scaffolds for nuclear receptors.

Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a class of essential proteins that regulate the expression of specific genes and are associated with multiple diseases. In silico methods for prescreening potential NR binders with predictive binding ability are highly desired for NR-related drug development but are rarely reported. Here, we present the PbsNRs (Predicting binders and scaffolds for Nuclear Receptors), a user-friendly web server designed to predict the potential NR binders and scaffolds through proteochemometric modeling.

Short and Long-Term Outcomes of Lung Transplantation from Brain Death vs. Circulatory Death Donors: A Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

Objectives: To investigate through a meta-analysis of comparative studies the impact of donor type (brain death DBD vs circulatory death DCD) on the short- and long-term outcomes of lung transplantation(LTx).

Methods: Literature search (terms "lung transplantation" AND "donation after circulatory death") was performed up to July 2022 and studies comparing outcomes of LTx from DCD versus DBD were selected. Primary endpoints were early and long-term mortality.

Risk of ischemic stroke after cancer diagnosis: a population-based matched cohort study.

Background: There are limited data regarding the association between cancer and ischemic stroke, particularly among individuals with previous stroke. Our objective was to measure and compare the risk of ischemic stroke in individuals with and without cancer.

Methods: Population-based matched cohort study in Ontario, Canada.

Goal Conflict and the Physical Activity Intention-Behavior Relationship:Insights from a Study of People's Daily Experiences.

Although intention is a strong predictor of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA), several factors moderate the intention-behavior relationship. People experience goal conflict when one of their goals makes it more difficult to pursue other goals. Goal conflict was examined as a moderator of the intention-behavior relation using data from ecological momentary assessments and accelerometer-derived estimates of MVPA.

The 24-hour physical activities in adults with cerebral palsy and their adherence to the 24-hour movement guideline.

Objective: To describe 24-hour physical activities (sleep and physical activity) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP), explore potential influencing factors and compare 24-hour physical activities with controls.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational internet study involving adults with CP and a convenience sample of adults without CP.

Setting: Individuals residing in the Netherlands Participants: 110 adults with CP (median age 42, range 28-77 years; 64 (58%) ambulant; 40% male) and 89 adult controls (median age 43, range 18-78 years; 29% male).

Agreement between methods to assess potassium intake in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background & Aims: In the general population, 24-hour urine potassium excretion is considered the reference standard for estimating potassium intake. However, its agreement with food records and spot urine collections in adults living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not well-established. Given the risk of hyperkalemia related to changes in renal potassium handling, understanding if this reference standard is appropriate for the CKD population is important.

Left-Right Brain-Wide Asymmetry of Neuroanatomy in the Mouse Brain.

Left-right asymmetry of the human brain is widespread through its anatomy and function. However, limited microscopic understanding of it exists, particularly for anatomical asymmetry where there are few well-established animal models. In humans, most brain regions show subtle, population-average regional asymmetries in thickness or surface area, alongside a macro-scale twisting called the cerebral petalia in which the right hemisphere protrudes anteriorly past the left.

Preparation of crosslinked lignin-polyacrylamide hydrogel with high resistance to temperature and salinity.

In this study, we innovatively prepared a multifunctional lignin crosslinked polyacrylamide (L-cPAM) hydrogel by a sequential two-step strategy of crosslinking of lignin and crosslinked polyacrylamide (cPAM) followed by the polymerization of cPAM. The hydrogen bonding and crosslinking between the molecular chains of lignin and PAM established a rigid and porous network structure, which provided the L-cPAM hydrogel with excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, and salinity resistance. A series of lignin dosages (0 to 30 %) were investigated during the crosslinking of lignin and PAM.

Chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal films: Sucrose modulation for structural color and dynamic behavior.

This study explores the effect of sucrose addition on the properties of chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films for potential food industry applications, including biodegradable packaging and food coloring. The addition of sucrose altered the films' structural color, shifting from blue in pure CNC films to aqua blue, green, yellow-green, and red with increasing sucrose concentrations (up to 21 %). Surface analysis revealed a reduction in contact angle from 96° to 48° due to sucrose's hydrophilic nature and smoother film surfaces.

Elucidating the synergistic action between sulfonated lignin and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) in enhancing cellulose hydrolysis.

Modern enzyme cocktails often include lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) as an accessory enzyme that enhances cellulose accessibility during hydrolysis. Although lignin is known to generally impede cellulose hydrolysis, previous research has demonstrated lignin's potential to act as a co-factor in boosting LPMO activity and that the negative impact of lignin limiting enzyme accessibility can be mitigated by sulfonated. When sulphonated lignin was added to microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) the activity of the lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) was boosted, as determined when using a quartz crystal microbalance and dissipation monitoring (QCM-D).

Microbial Sulfur Cycling Determinants and Implications for Environmental Impacts.

Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) play a vital role in the occurrence of sulfur oxidation intermediate (SOI) compounds often recalcitrant to currently available, abiotic treatment within metal mine tailings impoundments (TI). As inadvertent SOI discharge post-treatment can lead to the uncontrolled acidification of receiving environments, it becomes increasingly important to elucidate the environmental controls on SOB identities and sulfur cycling within these relatively unstudied systems. Here, results identified controlling factors on SOB community differentiation and associated metabolic pathway occurrence through integrated physicochemical, geochemical, and microbial field and experimental investigation across three summers (2016, 2017, 2021) in a stratified Northern Ontario base metal TI.

Quetiapine is associated with pancreatitis: A real-world pharmacovigilance study.

Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic widely prescribed for conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder, has been associated with a potential risk of pancreatitis. This study aimed to quantify the association between quetiapine use and the occurrence of pancreatitis using data from the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System. Disproportionality analyses were conducted to evaluate the frequency of pancreatitis reports linked to quetiapine compared to other drugs in the FAERS database.

Impact of comorbidities on the mortality benefits of lung cancer screening: a post-hoc analysis of PLCO and NLST trials.

Hypothesis: To evaluate how comorbidities affect mortality benefits of lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed-tomography (LDCT).

Methods: We developed a comorbidity index (PLCO-ci) using LCS-eligible participants' data from the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial (training set) and the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) (validation set). PLCO-ci predicts 5-year non-lung cancer (LC) mortality using a regularized Cox model; with performance evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (ROC).

Specific activity of mouse liver desaturases and elongases: Time course effects using n-3 and n-6 PUFA substrates and inhibitory responses of delta-6 desaturase.

The synthesis of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) is associated with physiological functions in mammals, being catalyzed by Δ-5D and Δ-6D desaturases and elongases Elovl-2 and Elovl-5. In this context, we aimed to study the chief kinetic features of PUFA liver anabolism, looking upon (i) the time-dependency for the specific activity of Δ-6D, Δ-5D, Elovl2, Elovl2/5 and Elovl5, using n-3 and n-6 precursors between 0 and 240 min ex vivo in mouse liver.; and (ii) the specific activity-substrate (α-linolenic acid; ALA) concentration responses of Δ-6D in the absence and presence of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an enzyme regarded as the rate-limiting step in PUFA anabolism.

From Escalate to Elevate: A New Paradigm for Comprehensive Cardiogenic Shock Management.

Patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) present with critical hemodynamic compromise with low cardiac output (CO) resulting in end-organ dysfunction. Prognosis is closely related to the severity of shock and treatment of patients with CS is resource intensive. In this review, we consider the current treatment paradigms alongside the evidence that underpins them.

Hippocampal reelin and GAD67 gene expression and methylation in the GFAP.HMOX1 mouse model of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder featuring enhanced brain oxidative stress and deficient reelin protein. GFAP.HMOX1 mice that overexpress heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in astrocytes manifest a schizophrenia-like neurochemical, neuropathological and behavioral phenotype including brain oxidative stress and reelin downregulation.

Cryo-EM structure and complementary drug efflux activity of the Acinetobacter baumannii multidrug efflux pump AdeG.

Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens associated with nosocomial infection, with its resistance highly depending on multiple multidrug efflux pumps. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of Acinetobacter drug efflux G (AdeG), the inner membrane component of one of three important resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) pump family members in A. baumannii, which is involved in drug resistance to chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin.