Bulge-Derived Epithelial Cells Isolated from Human Hair Follicles Using Enzymatic Digestion or Explants Result in Comparable Tissue-Engineered Skin.

Hair follicle stem cells, located in the bulge region of the outer root sheath, are multipotent epithelial stem cells capable of differentiating into epidermal, sebaceous gland, and hair shaft cells. Efficient culturing of these cells is crucial for advancements in dermatology, regenerative medicine, and skin model development. This investigation aimed to develop a protocol for isolating enriched bulge-derived epithelial cells from scalp specimens to produce tissue-engineered substitutes.

Correction of Significant Urethral Anomalies Using a Tissue-Engineered Human Urethral Substitute: Proof of Concept.

Urethral reconstruction remains a challenge. Indeed, the use of oral mucosa, the reference biomaterial for urethroplasty, is associated with two main drawbacks: the limited availability of autologous tissues and potential short- and long-term complications, especially for patients with recurrences or severe anomalies. Therefore, the development of alternative approaches, such as urethral tissue engineering, is necessary.

Mediation CNN (Med-CNN) Model for High-Dimensional Mediation Data.

Complex biological features such as the human microbiome and gene expressions play a crucial role in human health by mediating various biomedical processes that influence disease progression, such as immune responses and metabolic processes. Understanding these mediation roles is essential for gaining insights into disease pathogenesis and improving treatment outcomes. However, analyzing such high-dimensional mediation features presents challenges due to their inherent structural and correlations, such as the hierarchical taxonomic structures in microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), gene-pathway relationships, and the high dimensionality of the datasets, which complicates mediation analysis.

Repetitive Low-Level Blast Exposure Alters Circulating Myeloperoxidase, Matrix Metalloproteinases, and Neurovascular Endothelial Molecules in Experienced Military Breachers.

Repeated exposure to low-level blast overpressure, frequently experienced during explosive breaching and heavy weapons use in training and operations, is increasingly recognised as a serious risk to the neurological health of military personnel. Although research on the underlying pathobiological mechanisms in humans remains limited, this study investigated the effects of such exposure on circulating molecular biomarkers associated with inflammation, neurovascular damage, and endothelial injury. Blood samples from military breachers were analysed for myeloperoxidase (MPO), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and junctional proteins indicative of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and endothelial damage, including occludin (OCLN), zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and syndecan-1 (SD-1).

Development of a Scalable Extraction Process for Anthocyanins of Haskap Berry ().

Haskap () berry is rich in anthocyanins, particularly cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G). In this investigation, a response surface methodology was applied to optimize the anhydrous ethanol-based extraction parameters to obtain the maximum yield of anthocyanins from haskap berry and to compare the recovery of anthocyanins from different extraction methods. The central composite design was employed to study the effect of three independent variables (X = ultrasonic bath power, X = extraction temperature, and X = extraction time) which were found to significantly affect the response variable total anthocyanin content (TAC) and fit to the second-order polynomial model.

The Development and Validation of a Simple HPLC-UV Method for the Determination of Vancomycin Concentration in Human Plasma and Application in Critically Ill Patients.

Vancomycin is an antimicrobial agent that exhibits high efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria. The importance of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for vancomycin has been substantiated in specific patient cohorts, underscoring the significance of determining vancomycin plasma levels. This study presents the development and validation of a simple, reproducible, and practical approach for quantifying vancomycin levels in human plasma samples through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Carbon Dioxide Selectivity over Ethane in Promising Bis Tri (Fluoromethylsulfonyl) Imide-Based Ionic Liquids.

This research addresses the critical challenge of CO capture by exploring innovative ways to avoid ethane (CH) co-absorption in natural gas sweetening operations. The solubility of Ethane (CH) was measured in three ionic liquids (ILs) with similar anions, 1-decyl-3-methyl imidazolium bis (trifluoro methylsulfonyl imide) [IL-1], 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoro methylsulfonyl imide) [IL-2], and triethytetra-decyl ammonium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl imide) [IL-3]. The solubility experiments were investigated at 303.

Biopolymer-Based Microencapsulation of Procyanidins from Litchi Peel and Coffee Pulp: Characterization, Bioactivity Preservation, and Stability During Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion.

The need for encapsulation processes in compounds such as procyanidins (PCs) is related to their functional stability, which may limit their application in functional foods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro digestion of microencapsulated PCs from litchi peel and coffee pulp to determine concentration changes and antioxidant activity. The PCs were extracted, purified, encapsulated, and subjected to in vitro digestion and absorption.

Functionalization of Phenolic Aldehydes for the Preparation of Sustainable Polyesters and Polyurethanes.

Biobased organic diols derived from the phenolic aldehyde by-products in the depolymerization of lignin (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, and syringaldehyde) for the synthesis of polyesters and polyurethanes is described. Methods to prepare lignin-based diols involved a two-step synthetic route using either a hydroxy alkylation and aldehyde reduction or an aldehyde reduction and Williamson-Ether substitution. The preparation of five polyesters (PEs) and ten polyurethanes (PUs) from lignin-based diols was also performed and their physical and thermal properties were analyzed.

Biodegradable 3D-Printed Conjunctival Inserts for the Treatment of Dry Eyes.

Purpose: To fabricate 3D-printed, biodegradable conjunctival gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) inserts that can release polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) when exposed to an ocular surface enzyme.

Method: In this work, biodegradable conjunctival inserts were 3D-printed using a stereolithography-based technique. The release of PVA from these insert formulations (containing 10% GelMA and 5% PVA (P-Gel-5%)) was assessed along with different mathematical models of drug release.

Genetic Diversity in the Diminazene Resistance-Associated P2 Adenosine Transporter-1 () Gene of .

Trypanosomes are parasitic protozoa that cause severe diseases in humans and animals. The most important species of Trypanosmes include and . The most well-known human diseases are sleeping sickness in Africa and Chagas disease in South America.

Effects of Stocking Density in the Pen and Lairage Time on Blood Stress Indicators, Skin Lesion Scores, and Pork Meat Quality.

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of stocking density in the pen and lairage time before slaughter on blood stress indicators, skin lesions, and pork meat quality traits. A total of 1920 immunocastrated male pigs were shipped to a slaughterhouse. In order to maintain the proposed stocking densities, 72 pigs out of the 1920 animals were removed across loads from the experiment.

Invited Review: Inflammation and Health in the Transition Period Influence Reproductive Function in Dairy Cows.

In the early postpartum period, dairy cows undergo significant adaptations in Ca and lipid metabolism, immune function, and inflammatory processes. Concurrent exposure to endotoxins from the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, or mammary gland increases the risk of disease and reproductive problems. Metabolic and inflammatory imbalances during this phase can have both immediate and long-term effects on reproductive health.

Development and Assessment of a Multiple-Analysis System for Diagnosing Malaria and Other Blood Parasite Infections in Humans and Non-Human Primates.

: Many tropical diseases such as malaria, Chagas, human African Trypanosomiasis, and Lymphatic filariasis coexist in endemic countries, affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide, and are recognised as major global vector-borne diseases. Tackling this disease requires an accurate diagnosis that is sensitive, specific, and rapid. This study aimed to describe and validate a new highly sensitive and specific multiple-analysis system that can effectively detect numerous etiological agents in a single test.

Accuracy of Velacur in Assessing MASLD and MASH Patients Using Biopsy as the Gold Standard.

: Velacur is a novel, point-of-care ultrasound device developed to accurately diagnose patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH). The Velacur system non-invasively assesses liver stiffness, attenuation, and the Velacurdetermined fat fraction (VDFF). In this study, the performance of Velacur was measured against biopsy results in a cohort of MASLD and MASH patients.

Enhanced Multi-Class Breast Cancer Classification from Whole-Slide Histopathology Images Using a Proposed Deep Learning Model.

Breast cancer is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers and leading cause of mortality worldwide. The accurate classification of breast cancer from the histology photographs is very important for the diagnosis and effective treatment planning. : In this article, we propose a DenseNet121-based deep learning model for breast cancer detection and multi-class classification.

Automatic Detection of Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss in Bitewing and Periapical Intraoral Radiographs Using Deep Learning Technology: A Preliminary Evaluation.

Periodontal disease is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, with radiographic bone loss (RBL) being a critical diagnostic marker. The accurate and consistent evaluation of RBL is essential for the staging and grading of periodontitis, as outlined by the 2017 AAP/EFP Classification. Advanced tools such as deep learning (DL) technology, including Denti.

Efficiency of Fulvestrant Monotherapy After CDK4/6 Inhibitor Exposure: Is This a Viable Choice?

Guidelines for the first-line treatment of Hormone Receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced or recurrent breast cancer have shifted to combination therapies of a CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy. However, determining an optimal subsequent therapy following CDK4/6 inhibitor progression remains challenging, especially for tumors lacking actionable mutations. Real-world data suggest that fulvestrant monotherapy is frequently selected in this post-CDK4/6 inhibitor setting.

An Online Preoperative Screening Tool to Optimize Care for Patients Undergoing Cancer Surgery: A Mixed-Method Study Protocol.

Background/objective: Despite surgery being the primary curative treatment for cancer, patients with compromised preoperative physical, nutritional, and psychological status are often at a higher risk for complications. While various screening tools exist to assess physical, nutritional, and psychological status, there is currently no standardised self-reporting tool, or established cut-off points for comprehensive risk assessment. This study aims to develop, validate, and implement an online self-reporting preoperative screening tool that identifies modifiable risk factors in cancer surgery patients.

The Effect of Blood Selenium Level on the pCR Rate in Breast Cancer Patient Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Purpose: Among patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), a high survival rate is observed for those who experience a pathological complete response (pCR). Various tumor factors are predictive of a pCR, but few host factors have been studied.We sought to inquire whether or not a patient's blood selenium level prior to treatment was predictive of a pCR.

Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Features Associated with Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency (Central Diabetes Insipidus) in Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD).

Purpose: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is an L Group Langerhans histiocytosis associated with pathogenic variants within the MAPK pathways, most commonly the gene. We analyzed prevalence, genetic, biochemical, and pituitary imaging features associated with arginine vasopressin deficiency (AVP-D), one of the most common endocrinopathies in ECD.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 61 subjects with ECD was conducted at a clinical research center from January 2011 to December 2018, with molecular genetics, baseline biochemical and pituitary endocrine function studies, and dedicated pituitary MRI (or CT) studies.

Editorial for Special Issue "Image Analysis and Machine Learning in Cancers".

Cancer detection has been a great challenge in many fields of science [...

Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the Alberta Cancer Exercise Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study: A Wake-Up Call for Action.

Alberta Cancer Exercise (ACE) is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study evaluating a cancer-specific community-based exercise program across urban sites in Alberta, Canada. The purpose of this paper is to describe the baseline characteristics of participants. Adults with any type and stage of cancer, who were undergoing cancer treatment or up to three years post treatment completion, were eligible.

Population-Adjusted Indirect Treatment Comparisons of Repotrectinib Among Patients with NSCLC.

Background: Head-to-head evidence comparing repotrectinib against other approved ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is not currently available. The objective of this study was to indirectly compare progression-free survival (PFS), the objective response rate (ORR), and the duration of response (DoR) for repotrectinib vs. crizotinib and vs.

The Experiences of Adolescents and Young Adults with Digital Supportive Care Interventions for Cancer: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

Evidence suggests the importance of cancer supportive care for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), and digital technology may provide tailored care that is flexible, affordable and accessible. However, AYAs' experiences with these digital cancer supportive care interventions are currently unclear. The aim of this review is to systematically identify and explore potential intervention facilitators, barriers and areas of improvement.