Evaluation of Physical Changes and Bond Properties of Monolithic Zirconia Following Surface Treatment with Alumina and Synthetic Diamond Particles: A Comparative X-ray Diffraction Analysis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the phase transformation and effect on the bond strength and fracture toughness of monolithic zirconia after surface treatment with alumina and synthetic diamond particles.

Materials And Methods: Forty samples of monolithic sintered zirconia discs (Y-TZP) were divided into two groups of 20 samples each. Group A - air abrasion with alumina particles ( = 20); group B - air abrasion with synthetic diamond particles ( = 20).

Adjuvant PD-1 Blockade With Camrelizumab for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The DIPPER Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) experience disease relapse despite definitive chemoradiotherapy. The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) blockade camrelizumab has demonstrated considerable value in recurrent or metastatic NPC, while its role in locoregionally advanced NPC is unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of adjuvant camrelizumab for patients with locoregionally advanced NPC.

Genes and screens: attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in the digital age.

This editorial examines the rise of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the digital age, suggesting that excessive digital media use may mimic or exacerbate ADHD symptoms. We propose examining ADHD through the lens of a spectrum condition, highlighting the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors in its diagnosis and treatment.

Motor neurons in the tunicate caudal central nervous system reveal homology to the vertebrate spinal cord.

Invertebrate chordates, such as the tunicate Ciona, can offer insight into the evolution of the chordate phylum. Anatomical features shared between invertebrate chordates and vertebrates may be taken as evidence of their presence in a common chordate ancestor. The central nervous systems (CNSs) of Ciona larvae and vertebrates share a similar anatomy despite the Ciona CNS having only ∼180 neurons.

Evidence-based practice of hypnosis in dentistry: Narrative summary of reviews and meta-analysis.

The purpose of this article is to provide a concise summary of the scientific literature in the form of a narrative review to highlight areas where the use of clinical hypnosis is supported by scientific evidence in dentistry. A literature review was carried out to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles on PubMed, written in French or in English, with time limitation from 2000 to May 2023, and updated in December 2024. Articles had to be systematic reviews or meta-analysis linked with the management of dental anxiety and acute dental pain, as well as chronic orofacial pain.

Optimizing the efficiency and effectiveness of data quality assurance in a multicenter clinical dataset.

Objectives: Electronic health records (EHRs) data are increasingly used for research and analysis, but there is little empirical evidence to inform how automated and manual assessments can be combined to efficiently assess data quality in large EHR repositories.

Materials And Methods: The GEMINI database collected data from 462 226 patient admissions across 32 hospitals from 2021 to 2023. We report data quality issues identified through semi-automated and manual data quality assessments completed during the data collection phase.

Sex differences in the association between hypertension, cerebral small vessel disease and cognitive decline: a narrative review.

The objective of this study was to review how cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is associated with hypertension and cognitive decline, specifically regarding sex differences in this association. Strong evidence supports the associations between hypertension and cognitive decline, hypertension and CSVD, as well as CSVD and cognitive decline in both women and men. Sex-stratified analyses show that compared to men, hypertension leads to worse cognitive decline in women likely due to its stronger association with CSVD in women.

Personalising Antidepressant Treatment for Unipolar Depression Combining Individual Choices, Risks and big Data: The PETRUSHKA Tool: Personnalisation du traitement antidépresseur de la dépression unipolaire associant choix individuels, risques et mégadonnées: l'outil PETRUSHKA.

ObjectiveWe summarize the key steps to develop and assess an innovative online, evidence-based tool that supports shared decision-making in routine care to personalize antidepressant treatment in adults with depression. This PETRUSHKA tool is part of the PETRUSHKA trial (Personalize antidEpressant Treatment foR Unipolar depreSsion combining individual cHoices, risKs, and big datA).MethodsThe PETRUSHKA tool: (a) is based on prediction models, which use a combination of advanced analytics, i.

Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis: Update on CT and Histologic Findings.

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized at CT by upper lobe-predominant pleural thickening and subpleural fibrosis and histologically by visceral pleural fibrosis and subpleural fibroelastosis. Although initially classified as a rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, many cases are related to known risk factors, particularly hematopoietic stem cell and lung transplant, or observed in association with other ILDs. This review summarizes the diagnostic criteria for PPFE and illustrates the CT and histologic manifestations, aiming to familiarize the radiologist with the range of findings suggestive of the diagnosis.

A snapshot of challenges and opportunities faced by the scientific workforce in liver transplantation - a survey of the International Liver Transplantation Society (ILTS).

Basic & translational research (B&TR) in liver transplantation (LT) underwent considerable changes and shifts over the past decade. To capture the current landscape and future potential of B&TR in LT, we conducted an online survey within the International Liver Transplantation Society (ILTS) community. The survey aimed to collect comprehensive data on the respondents' characteristics, qualifications, experiences, and research activities, providing the present state and future directions of B&TR in LT.

Muscle MRI Pattern in Dysferlinopathy and its Correlation with Dysferlin Gait.

Background And Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in dysferlinopathy has consistently demonstrated a particular pattern of affliction. We aimed to study muscle MRI characteristics of lower limbs in limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD)-R2 phenotypes and correlate them with the gait pattern.

Methods: Forty genetically and/or biopsy-proven cases of dysferlinopathy underwent muscle MRI of the lower limbs.

Guidelines and Best Practices for the Use of Targeted Maximum Likelihood and Machine Learning When Estimating Causal Effects of Exposures on Time-To-Event Outcomes.

Targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) is an increasingly popular framework for the estimation of causal effects. It requires modeling both the exposure and outcome but is doubly robust in the sense that it is valid if at least one of these models is correctly specified. In addition, TMLE allows for flexible modeling of both the exposure and outcome with machine learning methods.

Innovative care protocol successfully rehabilitates non-human primates after MPTP-induced parkinsonism: Preliminary evidence from a restricted cohort of African Green Monkeys ().

The MPTP-animal model of Parkinson's disease has significantly advanced our understanding of Parkinson's disease and the dopaminergic system, helping to establish disease mechanisms and develop therapeutic targets. The non-human primate (NHP) MPTP model is particularly valuable for replicating core Parkinson's disease motor symptoms, anatomical changes and electrophysiological variations seen in humans. However, MPTP-injection protocols often cause substantial suffering, leading to euthanasia.

Remodeling of the neutrophil proteome upon exposure to biofilms.

Neutrophils play important roles within the innate immune system as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Pathogens counteract these defenses through multiple mechanisms, including protective biofilm formation. Herein, we assessed proteome remodeling between biofilms and HL-60 cells to provide new insights into host defense responses.

Characterising the protective vasodilatory effects of hypobaric hypoxia on the neurovascular coupling response.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the link between local neuronal activity and regional cerebral blood flow. High altitude (HA) ascent induces acute hypoxic vasodilation of the cerebral vasculature, with associated changes in CO and acid-base status. We aimed to characterise the effects of (a) acute removal of the HA-induced vasodilation and (b) rapid ascent to and residency at HA on NVC responses.

Sex-specific effects of intensity and dose of physical activity on BOLD-fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity and cerebral pulsatility.

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and cerebral pulsatility (CP) are important indicators of cerebrovascular health, which are associated with physical activity (PA). While sex differences influence the impact of PA on cerebrovascular health, sex-specific effects of PA intensity and dose on CP and CVR remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the sex-specific effects of self-reported PA dose and intensity on CVR and CP.

Effectiveness of motivational interviewing on pain-related outcomes in patients with musculoskeletal pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) in the treatment of adult patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search strategy without date or language restrictions was performed in five scientific databases. Manual searches and reference tracking were also carried out.

Failure of intravenous flumazenil to antagonize alfaxalone anesthesia in cats.

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to assess the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA) receptor antagonist flumazenil and its effect on the anesthetic activity of the GABA receptor agonist alfaxalone when administered intravenously in cats.MethodsA prospective, randomized, blinded, two-period two-treatment crossover study was conducted. Eight (six male, two female) healthy adult neutered cats, 4.

Case Report: Glioneuronal Hamartoma in the Cerebral Cortex of a Juvenile Cynomolgus Monkey ().

Two dark and raised foci were observed on the left hemisphere of the brain of a 3-year-old cynomolgus monkey during the routine necropsy procedures of a preclinical toxicity study. Microscopic examination revealed a lesion in the cerebral cortex at the junction of the parietal and occipital lobes, consisting of disorganized, but generally well-circumscribed collections of mixed glial and neuronal cells within a fibrillar stroma. Numerous eosinophilic granular bodies, brown pigment-laden macrophages, and lymphocytic infiltrates were also noted.

Infections in Standard or Tapered Dose of Prednisolone for Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis: A Randomized Trial (STASH Trial).

Objectives: Current guidance recommends a 40-mg dose of prednisolone (or equivalent) for severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH), while infections are not uncommon in them. The benefits of a rapid prednisolone tapering regimen in mitigating infection in patients with AAH are unknown. The primary objective was to assess the incidence of infection by day 90.

Identification of Long Noncoding RNA Candidate Disease Genes Associated With Clinically Reported Copy Number Variants in Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Copy number variants (CNVs) contribute to 3% to 10% of isolated congenital heart disease (CHD) cases, yet their pathogenic roles remain unclear. Diagnostic efforts have focused on protein-coding genes, largely overlooking long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which play key roles in development and disease.

Methods And Results: We systematically analyzed lncRNAs overlapping clinically validated CNVs in 743 patients with CHD from the Cytogenomics of Cardiovascular Malformations Consortium.

How spirituality is understood in occupational therapy: A qualitative study.

Introduction: Since the inception of occupational therapy, spirituality has been a unique component of practice. However, much of the professional discourse on how to define spirituality has originated internationally. This study aimed to explore how Australian occupational therapists interpret and understand spirituality in their practice.

Impact of Lipoprotein(a) on Valvular and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis.

Background: Lp(a) (lipoprotein(a)) is an independent risk factor for calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). Whether patients with CAVS and high Lp(a) levels are at higher risk of valvular or cardiovascular events is unknown. The aim of this study is to determine whether higher Lp(a) levels are associated with valvular and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CAVS.

Isoenergetic reduction of dietary macronutrients modulates respiratory quotients and heat increment of feeding but not energy expenditure in cats.

Indirect calorimetry can provide insights into the metabolic processes occurring in cats through substrate utilization and energy expenditure (EE). Additionally, the influence of dietary macronutrients on the heat increment of feeding (HIF) in cats remains unexplored. As such, this proof of principle study aimed to test the short-term effects of three test diets formulated for adult maintenance according to AAFCO by comparatively reducing protein, fat, or carbohydrates, to create a low-protein (LP; protein 28%ME, fat 40%ME, NFE 28%ME), low-fat (LF; protein 40%ME, fat 27%ME, NFE 27%ME), and a low-carbohydrate (LC; protein 35%ME, fat 40%ME, NFE 20%ME) diet on respiratory quotients (RQ), EE, and HIF in cats.