Visible-Light-Driven Methanol-To-Ethanol Conversion via Carbene Pathway by Frustrated Lewis Pairs.

Carbenes are critical intermediates in organic chemistry, recognized for their exceptional reactivity and versatility. However, conventional methods for carbene generation are often associated with safety risks and hazardous procedures. This study presents a Ga-ZnO nanosheets photocatalyst with a (100) preferred orientation, featuring abundant refined frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) sites, excellent light absorption, and efficient charge transport properties.

Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Consortium in Personalized Cancer Medicine: Bringing next-generation precision oncology to patients.

The human genome project ushered in a genomic medicine era that was largely unimaginable three decades ago. Discoveries of druggable cancer drivers enabled biomarker-driven gene- and immune-targeted therapy and transformed cancer treatment. Minimizing treatment not expected to benefit, and toxicity-including financial and time-are important goals of modern oncology.

Post-Concussion Brain Changes Relative to Pre-Injury White Matter and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Medical clearance for return to play (RTP) after sports-related concussion is based on clinical assessment. It is unknown whether brain physiology has entirely returned to preinjury baseline at the time of clearance. In this longitudinal study, we assessed whether concussed individuals show functional and structural MRI brain changes relative to preinjury levels that persist beyond medical clearance.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections as a second-line treatment in patients with tendinopathy-related chronic pain and failure of conservative treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Design: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a popular treatment option in managing chronic tendinopathies, although the literature is inconsistent, mainly because of significant heterogeneity in patient populations. Patients who failed conservative management may respond differently than those who have not undergone first-line treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PRP injections in reducing pain and improving function in patients with chronic tendinopathy who failed conservative treatment.

The neurorepellent SLIT2 inhibits LPS-induced proinflammatory signaling in macrophages.

Macrophages are important mediators of immune responses with critical roles in the recognition and clearance of pathogens, as well as in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing. The neuronal guidance cue SLIT2 has been widely studied for its effects on immune cell functions, most notably directional cell migration. Recently, SLIT2 has been shown to directly enhance bacterial killing by macrophages, but the effects of SLIT2 on inflammatory activation of macrophages are less known.

Rapid Authentication of Plant-Based Milk Alternatives by Coupling Portable Raman Spectroscopy with Machine Learning.

Background: Plant-based milk alternatives (PBMA) are increasingly popular due to rising lactose intolerance and environmental concerns over traditional dairy products. However, limited efforts have been made to develop rapid authentication methods to verify their biological origin.

Objective: In this study, we developed a rapid, on-site analytical method for the authentication and identification of PBMA made by six different plant species utilizing a portable Raman spectrometer coupled with machine learning.

Sex-related differences in systemic inflammatory response and outcomes after cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass.

Objectives: Differences in inflammatory responses between men and women may contribute to sex disparities in cardiac surgery outcomes. We investigated how sex differences influence systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing cardiac surgery from 2018 to 2020 was performed.

Atrial fibrillation burden in clinical practice, research, and technology development: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Council on Stroke and the European Heart Rhythm Association.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac diseases and a complicating comorbidity for multiple associated diseases. Many clinical decisions regarding AF are currently based on the binary recognition of AF being present or absent with the categorical appraisal of AF as continued or intermittent. Assessment of AF in clinical trials is largely limited to the time to (first) detection of an AF episode.

Modulating inhibitory synaptic plasticity to restore basal ganglia dynamics in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease is characterized, in part, by hypoactivity of direct pathway inhibitory projections from striatum to the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and indirect pathway inhibitory projections from globus pallidus externus (GPe) to the subthalamic nucleus (STN). In people with Parkinson's disease (n=32), we explored the potential use of intracranial stimulation for eliciting long-term potentiation (LTP) of these underactive pathways to produce improvement of symptoms that persists beyond stimulation cessation. During GPi deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery, we found strong evidence (p<.

Global prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective evidence.

Introduction: We investigated the prevalence of new or persistent manifestations experienced by COVID-19 survivors at 3 or more months after their initial infection, collectively known as post-COVID-19 condition (PCC).

Methods: We searched four electronic databases and major grey literature resources for prospective studies, systematic reviews, authoritative reports and population surveys. A random-effects meta-analysis pooled the prevalence data of 22 symptoms and outcomes.

The HPCDP Journal: celebrating a decade of impact.

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada (the HPCDP Journal) is uniquely positioned to serve diverse audiences by presenting valuable contributions to the field of public health from scientists within and outside of government. The HPCDP Journal marking its 10th anniversary under the current name is an opportune time to reflect on how far the journal, the editorial team and the community of contributors have come.

Novel RORγt inverse agonists limit IL-17-mediated liver inflammation and fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis is a global health problem. IL-17A has proven profibrogenic properties in liver disease making it an interesting therapeutic target. IL-17A is regulated by RORγt and produced by Th17 CD4+ and γδ-T cells.

Confronting Earth System Model trends with observations.

Anthropogenically forced climate change signals are emerging from the noise of internal variability in observations, and the impacts on society are growing. For decades, Climate or Earth System Models have been predicting how these climate change signals will unfold. While challenges remain, given the growing forced trends and the lengthening observational record, the climate science community is now in a position to confront the signals, as represented by historical trends, in models with observations.

Active microgel particle swarms for intrabronchial targeted delivery.

Intrabronchial delivery of therapeutic agents is critical to the treatment of respiratory diseases. Targeted delivery is demanded because of the off-target accumulation of drugs in normal lung tissues caused by inhalation and the limited motion dexterity of clinical bronchoscopes in tortuous bronchial trees. Herein, we developed microrobotic swarms consisting of magnetic hydrogel microparticles to achieve intrabronchial targeted delivery.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin contributes to endometriotic lesion proliferation and disease-associated inflammation.

Endometriosis is a chronic disorder in which endometrial-like tissue presents outside the uterus. Patients with endometriosis have been shown to exhibit aberrant immune responses within the lesion microenvironment and in circulation which contribute to the development of endometriosis. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an alarmin involved in cell proliferation and the induction of T helper 2 (Th2) inflammation in various diseases, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and pancreatic and breast cancer.

Utilization of long-acting contraceptive methods and associated factor among women of reproductive age in East Africa: A multi-level analysis of recent Demographic and Health Surveys.

Background: Comprehensive family planning is essential for reproductive health, allowing individuals to make informed choices about family size and enhancing maternal and child health. Long-acting contraceptives (LACs) are known for their high efficacy and consistent use. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of LAC utilization among women of reproductive-age in 11 East African countries.

Extant life detection using label-free video microscopy in analog aquatic environments.

The ability of microbial active motion, morphology, and optical properties to serve as biosignatures was investigated by in situ video microscopy in a wide range of extreme field sites where such imaging had not been performed previously. These sites allowed for sampling seawater, sea ice brines, cryopeg brines, hypersaline pools and seeps, hyperalkaline springs, and glaciovolcanic cave ice. In all samples except the cryopeg brine, active motion was observed without any sample treatment.

Multicenter observational study of patients who underwent cardiac surgery and were hospitalized in an intensive care unit (BraSIS 2): study protocol and statistical analysis plan.

Background: The perioperative management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery is highly complex and involves numerous factors. There is a strong association between cardiac surgery and perioperative complications. The Brazilian Surgical Identification Study (BraSIS 2) aims to assess the incidence of death and early postoperative complications, identify potential risk factors, and examine both the demographic characteristics of patients and the epidemiology of cardiovascular procedures.

Broadcasting American red squirrel vocalizations influences detection probability.

Territorial responses by North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) to conspecifics vary seasonally with peaks during mating and dispersal periods. Broadcast of squirrel vocalizations during surveys may elicit territorial defense behaviors such as calling and movement that make individuals more available for detection, with implications for subsequent occupancy and abundance analyses. We examined the effect of vocalization broadcasts on detection probability during point counts throughout a 14-month period at two locations (year-round study) and during two summers at a third location (summer-only study) on Newfoundland, Canada.

Pharmacist interventions in optimising opioid medication therapy in pain management for palliative care patients: A systematic review.

BackgroundOpioid therapy is a critical component in managing pain in palliative care, where pharmacists' specialised expertise is crucial in ensuring quality care for patients. This systematic review aims to document available evidence on pharmacist interventions and their impact on optimising opioid therapy for pain management in palliative care patients.MethodsWe searched Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), APA PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant articles published from the beginning to 31 December, 2022.

An analysis of performance bottlenecks in MRI preprocessing.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preprocessing is a critical step for neuroimaging analysis. However, the computational cost of MRI preprocessing pipelines is a major bottleneck for large cohort studies and some clinical applications. While high-performance computing and, more recently, deep learning have been adopted to accelerate the computations, these techniques require costly hardware and are not accessible to all researchers.

Computerized Dynamic Posturography-Guided Vestibular Rehabilitation Improves Vestibular Sensory Ratios.

Vestibular deficits are common and debilitating, and many patients struggle with dynamic balance, even after treatment with standard rehabilitation techniques. The objective of this study was to measure changes in computerized dynamic posturography sensory ratio information after computerized vestibular retraining therapy (CVRT). This prospective, single-group, interventional study enrolled adult participants with stable, unilateral vestibular deficits.

Individualized Hyaluronidase-Facilitated Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin 10% Administration in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy: The Nurse's Role.

Hyaluronidase-facilitated subcutaneous immunoglobulin (fSCIG) 10% offers potential improvements in patient independence and tolerability versus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) when used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). fSCIG 10% also requires less frequent infusions and fewer infusion sites than conventional subcutaneous immunoglobulin (subcutaneous immunoglobulin without hyaluronidase). The ADVANCE-CIDP 1 study demonstrated fSCIG 10% efficacy and safety in preventing CIDP relapse and positive responses from patients in terms of satisfaction and treatment preference.

The true atomistic structure of a disordered crystal: a computational study on the photon upconverting material β-NaYF and its Er-, Tm-, and Yb-doped derivates.

Hexagonal (β-) NaYF and LiYF doped with trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln, , Er, Tm, and Yb) are well-known photon upconverting materials. This property is crucially determined by the precise location of the Ln dopant ions and their closest neighbouring ions in the host material. However, due to the inherent disorder of the crystal structures the atomistic structure of a disordered crystal such as β-NaYF is not unambiguously provided by X-ray diffraction techniques.