The Effectiveness of an Online Nutrition Education Program on Varsity Athletes' Nutritional & Dietary Supplement Knowledge.

: Research has shown that athletes often have poor nutritional knowledge, particularly regarding dietary supplements. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an online nutrition education program in improving nutritional and dietary supplement knowledge among varsity athletes at the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. : A total of 30 varsity athletes at the University of Guelph were randomized into experimental [n = 18] and control [n = 12] groups.

Attachment to Meat and Willingness Towards Cultured Alternatives Among Consumers: A Cross-Sectional Study in the UAE.

: The escalating global demand for meat, as a sequela of population growth, has led to unsustainable livestock production, resulting in a host of environmental and food security concerns. Various strategies have been explored to mitigate these issues, including the introduction of a novel food product, cultured meat. Cultured meat is not yet commercially available, yet public perceptions are already taking shape.

Global Insights into Cultured Meat: Uncovering Production Processes, Potential Hazards, Regulatory Frameworks, and Key Challenges-A Scoping Review.

This scoping review aims to understand the cell-based meat production process, including the regulations, potential hazards, and critical points of this production. This review includes studies on cultured meat production processes, health hazards, and regulatory guidelines, excluding those without hazard analysis, incomplete texts, or studies published before 2013. The search was performed in eight electronic databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, LILACS, and Google Scholar) using MeSH terms and adaptations for each database.

Considerations for the Successful Detection and Quantification of Genetically Modified Events in Grain and Food Samples Using Multiplex Digital PCR.

The number of genetically modified (GMO) events for canola, corn, and soybean is steadily increasing. Some countries, including those in the EU, have regulatory requirements for the approval and use of plant ingredients containing GMOs. Multiplex digital PCR (dPCR) has been used for the simultaneous detection and quantification of various GMO events.

Improved Functionality, Quality, and Shelf Life of -Type Camel Sausage Fortified with Spirulina as a Natural Ingredient.

The objective of the present work was to examine the effect of incorporating spirulina powder (SP) in -type sausages made exclusively with camel meat, as well as to evaluate its physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory quality attributes and its prebiotic potential. The final purpose was to offer an innovative meat product to increase camel meat consumption. Several innovative fresh sausage formulations were developed using SP (00, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) and stored under vacuum conditions with refrigeration at 1 ± 1 °C for 35 days.

Antimicrobial Peptides from Porcine Blood Cruor Hydrolysates as a Promising Source of Antifungal Activity.

Porcine blood, a significant byproduct of the pork industry, represents a potential source of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs offer a promising alternative to chemical antimicrobials, which can be used as natural preservatives in the food industry. AMPs can exhibit both antibacterial and/or antifungal properties, thus improving food safety and addressing the growing concern of antibiotic and antifungal resistance.

Single and Combined Impact of Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, and Metformin on β-Cell Maintenance and Function Under High-Glucose-High-Lipid Conditions: A Comparative Study.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the most common form, is marked by insulin resistance and β-cell failure. β-cell dysfunction under high-glucose-high-lipid (HG-HL) conditions is a key contributor to the progression of T2D. This study evaluates the comparative effects of 10 nM semaglutide, 10 nM tirzepatide, and 1 mM metformin, both alone and in combination, on INS-1 β-cell maintenance and function under HG-HL conditions.

Chemoprotective Mechanism of Sodium Thiosulfate Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Is via Renal Hydrogen Sulfide, Arginine/cAMP and NO/cGMP Signaling Pathways.

Cisplatin is a common and highly effective chemotherapeutic agent whose nephrotoxic side effect is well-characterized. Sodium thiosulfate (STS), an FDA-approved hydrogen sulfide (HS) donor drug, is emerging as a chemoprotective agent against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN). In this study, we investigated the chemoprotective mechanism of STS in a rat model of CIN.

Diastolic Dysfunction with Normal Ejection Fraction and Reduced Heart Rate in Mice Expressing Human Growth Hormone and Displaying Signs of Growth Hormone Insufficiency.

Growth hormone (GH) signaling is essential for heart development. Both GH deficiency and excess raise cardiovascular risk. Human (h) and mouse (m) GH differ structurally and functionally: hGH binds both the GH receptor (GHR) and prolactin receptor (PRLR), whereas mGH binds only GHR; thus, there is the potential for differential effects.

Cannabinoids: Role in Neurological Diseases and Psychiatric Disorders.

An impact of legalization and decriminalization of marijuana is the gradual increase in the use of cannabis for recreational purposes, which poses a potential threat to society and healthcare systems worldwide. However, the discovery of receptor subtypes, endogenous endocannabinoids, and enzymes involved in synthesis and degradation, as well as pharmacological characterization of receptors, has led to exploration of the use of cannabis in multiple peripheral and central pathological conditions. The role of cannabis in the modulation of crucial events involving perturbed physiological functions and disease progression, including apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, perturbed mitochondrial function, and the impaired immune system, indicates medicinal values.

Unraveling the Mysteries of Sleep: Exploring Phylogenomic Sleep Signals in the Recently Characterized Archaeal Phylum Lokiarchaeota near Loki's Castle.

Sleep is a universally conserved behavior whose origin and evolutionary purpose are uncertain. Using phylogenomics, this article investigates the evolutionary foundations of sleep from a never before used perspective. More specifically, it identifies orthologs of human sleep-related genes in the Lokiarchaeota of the Asgard superphylum and examines their functional role.

Optimising β-Ti21S Alloy Lattice Structures for Enhanced Femoral Implants: A Study on Mechanical and Biological Performance.

The metastable β-Ti21S alloy exhibits a lower elastic modulus than Ti-6Al-4V ELI while maintaining high mechanical strength and ductility. To address stress shielding, this study explores the integration of lattice structures within prosthetics, which is made possible through additive manufacturing. Continuous adhesion between the implant and bone is essential; therefore, auxetic bow-tie structures with a negative Poisson's ratio are proposed for regions under tensile stress, while Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures with a positive Poisson's ratio are recommended for areas under compressive stress.

Preparation of FeO/C Composite Material from Red Mud for the Degradation of Acid Orange 7.

This study presents a novel FeO/C composite material synthesized from red mud through a process of magnetic roasting and separation. The research explores the impact of FeO/C dosages, sodium persulfate (PS) concentrations, and initial solution pH on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency using Acid Orange 7 as a model pollutant. Optimal conditions were identified as 3 g/L FeO/C, 20 mM PS, and an initial pH of 2, achieving a 94.

Cost-Effective Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5: The Effect of Expanding Powder Size Distribution on Mechanical Performance.

This study aims to assess the feasibility of expanding the powder size distribution (PSD) of Ti-6Al-4V grade 5 powder for LPBF to achieve cost reduction. Parameter optimization to minimize the degradation of mechanical properties due to the expanded particle size distribution was conducted. Mechanical tests for specimens built using optimized parameters revealed minor reductions in strength: 3.

The Accuracy of the Passive Leg Raising Test Using the Perfusion Index to Identify Preload Responsiveness-A Single Center Study in a Resource-Limited Setting.

We investigated the accuracy of predicting preload responsiveness by means of a passive leg raising test (PLR) using the perfusion index (PI) in critically ill patients showing signs of hypoperfusion in a resource-limited setting. We carried out a prospective observational single center study in patients admitted for sepsis or severe malaria with signs of hypoperfusion in Chattogram, Bangladesh. A PLR was performed at baseline, and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h.

Current Status of CT Imaging Before Common Transcatheter Interventions for Structural Heart Disease.

Over the past decade, several trials and observational studies have validated the use of minimally invasive cardiac interventions as viable treatment options for various cardiac diseases. Transcatheter techniques for severe aortic valve stenosis have rapidly emerged as alternatives to surgical aortic valve replacement in certain patient populations. Additionally, non-surgical treatment options have expanded for conditions affecting other cardiac valves, such as the mitral valve.

Quantitative Physiologic MRI Combined with Feature Engineering for Developing Machine Learning-Based Prediction Models to Distinguish Glioblastomas from Single Brain Metastases.

: The accurate and early distinction of glioblastomas (GBMs) from single brain metastases (BMs) provides a window of opportunity for reframing treatment strategies enabling optimal and timely therapeutic interventions. We sought to leverage physiologically sensitive parameters derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)-perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) along with machine learning-based methods to distinguish GBMs from single BMs. : Patients with histopathology-confirmed GBMs ( = 62) and BMs ( = 26) and exhibiting contrast-enhancing regions (CERs) underwent 3T anatomical imaging, DTI and DSC-PWI prior to treatment.

From Cellular to Metabolic: Advances in Imaging of Inherited Retinal Diseases.

: Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are a genetically complex group of disorders, usually resulting in progressive vision loss due to retinal degeneration. Traditional imaging methods help in structural assessments, but limitations exist in early functional cellular-level detection that are crucial for guiding new therapies. : This review includes a systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar for studies on advanced imaging techniques for IRDs.

Performance Restoration of Chemically Recycled Carbon Fibres Through Surface Modification with Sizing.

The recycling of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymers (CFRPs) is becoming increasingly crucial due to the growing demand for sustainability in high-performance industries such as automotive and aerospace. This study investigates the impact of two chemical recycling techniques, chemically assisted solvolysis and plasma-enhanced solvolysis, on the morphology and properties of carbon fibres (CFs) recovered from end-of-life automotive parts. In addition, the effects of fibre sizing are explored to enhance the performance of the recycled carbon fibres (rCFs).

Potential of a Remotely Piloted Aircraft System with Multispectral and Thermal Sensors to Monitor Vineyard Characteristics for Precision Viticulture.

Grapevines are subjected to many physiological and environmental stresses that influence their vegetative and reproductive growth. Water stress, cold damage, and pathogen attacks are highly relevant stresses in many grape-growing regions. Precision viticulture can be used to determine and manage the spatial variation in grapevine health within a single vineyard block.

A High-Quality Phased Genome Assembly of Stinging Nettle ( ssp. ).

Stinging nettles () have a long history of association with human civilization, having been used as a source of textile fibers, food and medicine. Here, we present a chromosome-level, phased genome assembly for a diploid female clone of from Romania. Using a combination of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, and Illumina sequencing, as well as Hi-C long-range interaction data (using a novel Hi-C protocol presented here), we assembled two haplotypes of 574.

A Feasibility Study on Utilizing Remote Sensing Data to Monitor Grape Yield and Berry Composition for Selective Harvesting.

The primary purpose of this study was to improve our understanding of remote sensing technologies and their potential application in vineyards to monitor yields and fruit composition, which could then be used for selective harvesting and winemaking. For yield and berry composition data collection, representative vines from the vineyard block were selected and geolocated, and the same vines were surveyed for remote sensing data collection by the multispectral and thermal sensors in the RPAS in 2015 and 2016. The spectral reflectance data were further analyzed for vegetation indices to evaluate the correlation between the variables.

Dereplication of Natural Product Antifungals via Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Genomics.

Recently expanded reports of multidrug-resistant fungal infections underscore the need to develop new and more efficient methods for antifungal drug discovery. A ubiquitous problem in natural product drug discovery campaigns is the rediscovery of known compounds or their relatives; accordingly, we have integrated Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for structural dereplication and Yeast Chemical Genomics for bioprocess evaluation into a screening platform to identify such compounds early in the screening process. We identified 450 fractions inhibiting and the resistant strains of and among more than 40,000 natural product fractions.

Guava Leaf Extract Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity in Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) .

Currently, a global health crisis is being caused by microbial resistance, in which plays a crucial role, being considered the highest-priority microorganism by the World Health Organization (WHO) for discovering new antibiotics. As a result, phytochemicals have emerged as a potential alternative to combat resistant strains, since they can exert antimicrobial activity through various mechanisms and, at the same time, represent a more natural and safe option. This study analyzes the antimicrobial effects of guava leaf extract in ten clinical isolates of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) , using the agar diffusion technique and the microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs).