A library of proton lineal energy spectra spanning the full range of clinically relevant energies.

Purpose: In locations where the proton energy spectrum is broad, lineal energy spectrum-based proton biological effects models may be more accurate than dose-averaged linear energy transfer (LET) based models. However, the development of microdosimetric spectrum-based biological effects models is hampered by the extreme computational difficulty of calculating microdosimetric spectra. Given a precomputed library of lineal energy spectra for monoenergetic protons, a weighted summation can be performed which yields the lineal energy spectrum of an arbitrary polyenergetic beam.

Achieving Language Justice in Pediatric Hematology-Oncology: A Multinational Perspective for Language-Concordant Equitable Patient- and Family-Centered Care and Research Inclusion.

Language-discordant healthcare encounters-when the patient/caregiver and clinician are not able to communicate directly in the patient's/caregiver's preferred language-are associated with worse quality of care, increased adverse events, and research exclusion. Here, we describe the current state of language justice in clinical practice and research in the United States, Canada, and Spain, discuss the role of social determinants of health and language, in patient safety and health outcomes and review an example of culturally and linguistically concordant interventions to increase research participation. We close with practical and global strategies to increase multilingual research participation and to provide equitable patient- and family-centered care in pediatric hematology-oncology.

Factors Associated With Prolonged Venous Transit in Large Vessel Occlusion Acute Ischemic Strokes.

Background And Purpose: Prolonged venous transit (PVT), derived from computed tomography perfusion (CTP) time-to-maximum (T) maps, reflects compromised venous outflow (VO) in acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). Poor VO is associated with worse clinical outcomes, but pre-treatment markers predictive of PVT are not well described.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 189 patients with anterior circulation AIS-LVO who underwent baseline CT evaluation, including non-contrast CT, CT angiography, and CTP.

Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in severe mitral regurgitation following acute myocardial infarction - aetiology-based analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the association between transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) and outcomes in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) following acute myocardial infarction (MI), focusing on the aetiology of acute post-MI MR in high-risk surgical patients.

Methods And Results: The International Registry of MitraClip in Acute Mitral Regurgitation following Acute Myocardial Infarction (IREMMI) includes 187 patients with severe MR post-MI managed with TEER. Of these, 176 were included in the analysis, 23 (13%) patients had acute papillary muscle rupture (PMR) and 153 (87%) acute secondary MR.

Syndecan-1 in the Serum of Deceased Kidney Donors as a Potential Biomarker of Kidney Function.

Background: The process of kidney transplantation remains the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease, offering improved quality of life and increased survival rates compared to long-term dialysis. However, despite advances in surgical techniques, immunosuppression regimens, and post-operative care, there are still significant challenges in predicting the organ's status and long-term outcomes of transplantation. Among the many factors that influence graft survival, the quality of the donated organ plays a fundamental role.

Exploring surgeon behavioural factors impacting the quality of care: protocol for a scoping review.

Introduction: Modern surgery incorporates many aspects of care, including preoperative workup, surgical management and multidisciplinary collaboration to achieve favourable outcomes and high patient satisfaction. Current literature identifies variability in surgical practice and quality of care. The objective of this study is to fill the gap in the literature by identifying modifiable surgeon behavioural factors influencing the quality of care and to identify interventions and policies that modify these factors.

Neural Dynamics of the Processing of Speech Features: Evidence for a Progression of Features from Acoustic to Sentential Processing.

When we listen to speech, our brain's neurophysiological responses "track" its acoustic features, but it is less well understood how these auditory responses are enhanced by linguistic content. Here, we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses while subjects of both sexes listened to four types of continuous-speech-like passages: speech-envelope modulated noise, English-like non-words, scrambled words, and a narrative passage. Temporal response function (TRF) analysis provides strong neural evidence for the emergent features of speech processing in cortex, from acoustics to higher-level linguistics, as incremental steps in neural speech processing.

Wildlife policy, the food system and One Health: a complex systems analysis of unintended consequences for the prevention of emerging zoonoses in China, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Philippines.

Introduction: Evolving human-wildlife interactions have contributed to emerging zoonoses outbreaks, and pandemic prevention policy for wildlife management and conservation requires enhanced consideration from this perspective. However, the risk of unintended consequences is high. In this study, we aimed to assess how unrecognised complexity and system adaptation can lead to policy failure, and how these dynamics may impact zoonotic spillover risk and food system outcomes.

Structure of the human autophagy factor EPG5 and the molecular basis of its conserved mode of interaction with Atg8-family proteins.

The multi-step macroautophagy/autophagy process ends with the cargo-laden autophagosome fusing with the lysosome to deliver the materials to be degraded. The metazoan-specific autophagy factor EPG5 plays a crucial role in this step by enforcing fusion specificity and preventing mistargeting. How EPG5 exerts its critical function and how its deficiency leads to diverse phenotypes of the rare multi-system disorder Vici syndrome are not fully understood.

Mechanism exploration of intestinal mucus penetration of nano-se: Regulated by polysaccharides with different functional groups and molecular weights.

Selenium deficiency associated with a high risk of many diseases remains a global challenge. Owing to the narrow margin between "nutrition-toxicity" doses of selenium, it is imperative to achieve accurate selenium supplement. Nano‑selenium (SeNPs) is a novel form of selenium supplement with low toxicity, but it could be trapped and removed by intestinal mucus, thus limiting its oral delivery.

Demystifying the functions of the mitochondrial ORFan proteins in bivalves with doubly uniparental inheritance.

Strict maternal inheritance of mitochondria is known to be the rule in animals, but over 100 species across six orders of bivalves possess doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mitochondria. Under DUI, two distinctive sex-specific mitogenomes coexist. In marine and freshwater mussels, each mitogenome has an additional protein-coding gene, called female- and male-specific open reading frame or and , respectively.

Notification of blood donors who test positive for transfusion-transmissible infections.

Background And Objectives: Despite screening procedures, a few blood donors confirm positive for transfusion-transmissible infections and are deferred. Effective notification of laboratory results is essential to ensure that donors are advised of confirmed results and to seek medical care. Here we report results from post-notification interviews of Canadian Blood Services donors.

Hummingbirds use compensatory eye movements to stabilize both rotational and translational visual motion.

To maintain stable vision, behaving animals make compensatory eye movements in response to image slip, a reflex known as the optokinetic response (OKR). Although OKR has been studied in several avian species, eye movements during flight are expected to be minimal. This is because vertebrates with laterally placed eyes typically show weak OKR to nasal-to-temporal motion (NT), which simulates typical forward locomotion, compared with temporal-to-nasal motion (TN), which simulates atypical backward locomotion.

Clonally expanded, targetable, natural killer-like NKG7 T cells seed the aged spinal cord to disrupt myeloid-dependent wound healing.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) increasingly affects aged individuals, where functional impairment and mortality are highest. However, the aging-dependent mechanisms underpinning tissue damage remain elusive. Here, we find that natural killer-like T (NKLT) cells seed the intact aged human and murine spinal cord and multiply further after injury.

High cellular plasticity state of medulloblastoma local recurrence and distant dissemination.

Medulloblastoma (MB), a heterogeneous pediatric brain tumor, poses challenges in the treatment of tumor recurrence and dissemination. To characterize cellular diversity and genetic features, we comprehensively analyzed single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq), single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (snATAC-seq), and spatial transcriptomics profiles and identified distinct cellular populations in SHH (sonic hedgehog) and Group_3 subgroups, with varying proportions in local recurrence or dissemination. Local recurrence showed higher cycling tumor cell enrichment, whereas disseminated lesions had a relatively notable presence of differentiated subsets.

Primary care research on hypertension: A bibliometric analysis using machine-learning.

Hypertension is one of the most important chronic diseases worldwide. Hypertension is a critical condition encountered frequently in daily life, forming a significant area of service in Primary Health Care (PHC), which healthcare professionals often confront. It serves as a precursor to many critical illnesses and can lead to fatalities if not addressed promptly.

Research status, hotspots, and implications of seasonal affective disorder: A bibliometric analysis based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

The objective was to determine the research status and hotspots of seasonal affective disorders (SAD) based on bibliometric tools, which will contribute to the further research in this field. We used bibliometric tools CiteSpace and VOSviewer to conduct visual quantitative analysis on 465 SAD literatures in the Web of Science core database from 2008 to 2023 from multiple perspectives such as collaboration network, keywords, and literature citations. At the same time, we used Microsoft Word to make relevant tables.

Urinary calculi successfully expelled in a patient through traditional Chinese exercise: A case report.

Rationale: Urinary calculi are hard mineral deposits that typically require medication or surgery, such as lithotripsy. This case report presents traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) as a potential alternative for stone expulsion.

Patient Concerns: A 41-year-old male with no history of urinary tract stones, experienced sudden severe lower back and abdominal pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Effect of fezolinetant on patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes: Data from a phase 3b study (DAYLIGHT) of the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in women considered unsuitable for hormone therapy.

Objective: To report patient-reported quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes in the DAYLIGHT study.

Study Design: DAYLIGHT was a phase 3b, randomized, double-blind, 24-week, placebo-controlled study. Participants were women aged ≥40 to ≤65 years with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS) considered unsuitable for hormone therapy (HT) (contraindications, caution, stoppers, or averse) randomized 1:1 to placebo or fezolinetant 45 mg once daily.

Humoral and cellular immune responses after 6 months of a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 booster with the protein-based PHH-1V vaccine in a phase IIb trial.

The HIPRA-HH-2 was a multicentre, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority phase IIb clinical trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of the PHH-1V adjuvanted recombinant vaccine as a heterologous booster against homologous booster with BNT162b2. Interim results demonstrated strong humoral and cellular immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-Hu-1 strain and the Beta, Delta, and Omicron BA.1 variants up to day 98 post-dosing.