Association of continuous renal replacement therapy downtime with fluid balance gap and clinical outcomes: a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing EHR and machine data.

Background: Fluid balance gap (FBgap-prescribed vs. achieved) is associated with hospital mortality. Downtime is an important quality indicator for the delivery of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Interpretation and classification of FBN1 variants associated with Marfan syndrome: consensus recommendations from the Clinical Genome Resource's FBN1 variant curation expert panel.

Background: In 2015, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) developed standardized variant curation guidelines for Mendelian disorders. Although these guidelines have been widely adopted, they are not gene- or disease-specific. To mitigate classification discrepancies, the Clinical Genome Resource FBN1 variant curation expert panel (VCEP) was established in 2018 to develop adaptations to the ACMG/AMP criteria for FBN1 in association with Marfan syndrome.

Research priorities for improving cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes in hydrocephalus.

Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder that impacts approximately 85 per 100,000 individuals worldwide and is associated with motor and cognitive impairments. While many advances in surgical interventions have helped substantially improve the survival rates and quality of life of those affected, there continues to be significant gaps in our understanding of the etiology of this heterogeneous condition as well as its specific neuropsychological and functional challenges across different phases of life. To address these limitations, the Hydrocephalus Association and Rudi Schulte Research Institute organized a workshop titled, "Improving Cognitive and Psychological Outcomes in Hydrocephalus", composed of top academics in the fields of hydrocephalus, cognition, and neuropsychology, as well as individuals with hydrocephalus or their caregivers.

Identification of progressive pulmonary fibrosis: consensus findings from a modified Delphi study.

Background: We sought consensus among practising respiratory physicians on the prediction, identification and monitoring of progression in patients with fibrosing interstitial lung disease (ILD) using a modified Delphi process.

Methods: Following a literature review, statements on the prediction, identification and monitoring of progression of ILD were developed by a panel of physicians with specialist expertise. Practising respiratory physicians were sent a survey asking them to indicate their level of agreement with these statements on a binary scale or 7-point Likert scale (- 3 to 3), or to select answers from a list.

Relationships between the Planetary Health Diet Index, its food groups, and polygenic risk of obesity in the CARTaGENE cohort.

Background: The Planetary Health Diet, proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, seeks to promote a sustainable and healthy diet for both humans and the environment. However, few studies have investigated relationships between the Planetary Health Diet and the genetic pathway of obesity. The aim of this study was to assess whether adherence to a Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) mediated or moderated the genetic susceptibility to obesity.

Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced neuroinflammation and better cognitive control in people living with HIV.

People living with HIV (HIV+) are roughly twice as likely to smoke cigarettes (Smok+) as the general population. With the advent of effective antiretroviral therapies, it is increasingly important to understand the effects of chronic HIV infection and cigarette smoking on brain function and cognition since HIV+ individuals have heightened neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits even with such therapies. Based on prior studies demonstrating that smoking reduces a marker for neuroinflammation in HIV- individuals, we hypothesized that HIV+/Smok+ individuals would have less neuroinflammation and better cognitive control than HIV+/Smok- individuals.

Research Hotspots and Thematic Trends in the Management of Preeclampsia: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000 to 2022.

Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the serious complications of pregnancy, and the management of PE remains an important problem for obstetricians. This study aims to identify the characteristics and trends of published articles on PE management through bibliometric analysis. We searched the Web of Science database for articles related to PE management from 2000 to 2022.

Assessment of mechanical properties and microstructure of Co-Cr dental alloys manufactured by casting, milling, and 3D printing.

Statement Of Problem: The mechanical properties and microstructure of cobalt chromium (Co-Cr) alloys should be considered when choosing the best alloy for each clinical situation. More information is needed on the digital manufacturing methods of metals in dentistry, such as computer numerical control (CNC), and direct laser metal sintering (DMLS).

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the 3 different Co-Cr manufacturing processes on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Co-Cr dental alloys.

Parental separation following preterm delivery in Canada: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association between preterm delivery and parental separation and identify associated risk factors.

Methods: All opposite sex, married or common-law parents whose relationship status was available at index delivery and for the next 5 years were eligible in this retrospective population-based cohort study in Manitoba, Canada. Parents of children born preterm were matched 1:5 to parents of children born full-term.

From Moral Distress to Moral Integrity: Qualitative Evaluation of a New Moral Conflict Assessment Tool.

Background: Moral distress affects the well-being of health care professionals and can lead to burnout and attrition. Assessing moral distress and taking action based on this assessment are important. A new moral conflict assessment (MCA) designed to prompt action was developed and tested.

Identification of a T2-hyperintense Perivascular Space in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations.

Background/aim: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular malformations characterized by dysmorphic, aberrant vasculature. During previous surgeries of compact nidus brain AVMs (representing the majority of cases), we have observed a "shiny" plane between nidal and perinidal AVM vessels and the surrounding grey and white matter and hypothesized that preoperative neuroimaging of brain AVMs may show a neuroradiological correlate of these intraoperative observations.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed multiplanar and multisequence 3-Tesla magnetic resonance (3T MR) imaging in five consecutive brain AVMs with special attention on imaging characteristics of the brain-AVM interface, i.

Tuberculosis screening among cough suppressant buyers in pharmacies and drug outlets in Guinea: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant public health challenge in Guinea, with an estimated 22 000 TB cases in 2020; an estimated 6125 (28%) cases went undetected. We evaluated an intensified TB case finding strategy in Guinea which targeted customers who bought cough suppressants from pharmacies or drug outlets.

Methods: We involved 25 pharmacies and 25 drug outlets in Matoto, Conakry, Guinea.

Hypothalamic SIRT1-mediated regulation of the hormonal trigger of ovulation and its repression in energy deficit.

Female reproduction is highly sensitive to body energy stores; persistent energy deficit, as seen in anorexia or strenuous exercise, is known to suppress ovulation via ill-defined mechanisms. We report herein that hypothalamic SIRT1, a key component of the epigenetic machinery that links nutritional status and puberty onset via modulation of Kiss1, plays a critical role in the control of the preovulatory surge of gonadotropins, i.e.

Optimizing time in harness.

Aims: The primary aims of this study were to determine the time to sonographic correction of decentred hips during treatment with Pavlik harness for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and investigate potential risk factors for a delayed response to treatment.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of infants with decentred hips who underwent a comprehensive management protocol with Pavlik harness between 2012 and 2016. Ultrasound assessments were performed at standardized intervals and time to correction from centring of the femoral head was quantified.

Meningiomas in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: A case report and comprehensive review.

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a congenital disorder with characteristic clinical manifestations. In the vast majority of cases, it is caused by mutations of the gene encoding the transcriptional co-activator cAMP-response element binding protein (CBP)-binding protein (CREBBP). It has been thought to be a tumor predisposition syndrome as RTS patients have an increased risk of developing tumors including meningiomas.

Surviving the 2021 heat dome with schizophrenia: A qualitative, interview-based unpacking of risks and vulnerabilities.

This study explores the multifaceted challenges experienced by individuals with schizophrenia during extreme heat, highlighting the interplay between individual factors, social dynamics, and environmental influences. Despite making up only 1% of the Canadian population, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia comprised 16% (n = 97) of the deaths during the 2021 heat dome in Western Canada. However, to date, there exists scant qualitative research that explore the direct experiences and the intricacies of intersecting factors faced by individuals with schizophrenia during extreme heat events.

Dose Recommendations for Prostrate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography (PSMA PET) Guided Boost Irradiation to Lymphatic Tissue in Prostate Adenocarcinoma.

Aims: Prostrate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) imaging has led to an increase in identifiable small volume metastatic disease in prostate adenocarcinoma. There is clinical equipoise in how to treat these using radiotherapy regimens. The aim of this study is to determine an adequate dosing regimen for small volume lymphatic metastases in prostate adenocarcinoma.

Meta-regression of optic nerve imaging and visual outcome in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody optic neuritis.

Background: Few predictors of visual outcome after myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) auto-antibody disease optic neuritis (ON) have been reliably elucidated. We evaluate whether between-study differences in ON neuroimaging regional enhancement features may underlie heterogeneity in reported visual prognosis.

Methods: PROSPERO (CRD42024580123).

Subtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.

Probing Sensorimotor Memory through the Human Speech-Audiomotor System.

Our knowledge of human sensorimotor learning and memory is predominantly based on the visuo-spatial workspace and limb movements. Humans also have a remarkable ability to produce and perceive speech sounds. We asked if the human speech-auditory system could serve as a model to characterize retention of sensorimotor memory in a workspace which is functionally independent of the visuo-spatial one.

Serum CA125 levels in the context of ProMisE molecular classification provides pre-operative prognostic information that can direct endometrial cancer management.

Objective: Previous research suggests serum CA125 reflects extra-uterine disease in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). Our objective was to determine if CA125 can identify patients with extra-uterine and/or nodal metastases, the association of this biomarker with EC molecular subtype, and to explore an optimal cutoff in this context.

Methods: We assessed the association of CA125 levels with clinicopathologic and outcomes data on a cohort of 1107 molecularly classified EC.