Potentially low-value operative care in abdominal trauma: A retrospective National Trauma Data Bank study.

Background: We currently lack national data on adherence to American College of Surgeons recommendations on nonoperative management for hemodynamically stable adults with solid-organ injuries. We aimed to estimate the incidence and interhospital variation in potentially low-value operative management for adults with blunt solid abdominal organ injuries.

Methods: We included adults with blunt solid-organ injury eligible for nonoperative management (grades I-IV spleen and liver and grade I-III kidney, hemodynamically stable on arrival, and no blood products used in the emergency department) who were admitted to trauma centers in the United States that submitted data to the National Trauma Data Bank between 2016 and 2019.

Exosome-mediated communication between T cells and dendritic cells: Implications for therapeutic strategies.

Cell communication is crucial for coordinating physiological functions in multicellular organisms, with exosomes playing a significant role. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication by transporting proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cells. These small, membrane-bound vesicles, derived from the endosomal pathway, are integral to various biological processes, including signal transmission and cellular behavior modulation.

A functionalized microwave biosensor for rapid, reagent-free detection of E. coli in water samples.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 (O157), one of the most common Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, can contaminate water systems causing severe illnesses often accompanied with diarrhea and sometimes life threatening.

ICU nurses' perceptions on family involvement in delirium care for postoperative cardiac surgery patients: A qualitative study.

Aims: Delirium is common among adults recovering from cardiac surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU), prompting increased family involvement in their care. This study aimed to describe ICU nurses' perceptions of factors that support or impede family involvement in preventing, assessing, and managing delirium in the postoperative period following cardiac surgery.

Methods: A convenience sample of 18 nurses with a mean age 36 years (24-49), 89 % female) was recruited from two university-affiliated ICUs in Canada.

Spatiotemporal trends of aerosol provenance and trace metal concentrations in the northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean.

The long-range transport of naturally occurring and anthropogenic aerosols originating from Asian deserts and megacities, respectively, can have a significant impact on the biogeochemical cycling of metals in the Fe-limited, high nutrient-low chlorophyll (HNLC) region of the northeast (NE) subarctic Pacific Ocean. These aerosols can deposit essential (e.g.

Anti-Cancer Potential of a new Derivative of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester targeting the Centrosome.

Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive T-cell lymphoma affecting children and young adults. About 30% of patients develop therapy resistance therefore new precision medicine drugs are highly warranted. Multiple rounds of structure-activity optimization of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester have resulted in CM14.

IAEA activities to support the member states in the production of targeted alpha therapy radiopharmaceuticals.

Due to the growing interest of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Member States in implementing targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) in general, the demand for alpha-emitting radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals is enormous. As an international platform for peaceful applications of radionuclides, the IAEA has been implementing several activities focusing on the production and quality control of alpha emitters and radiopharmaceuticals as well as capacity building in the field, through Technical Meetings, Workshops, Publications and Conference Supports, IAEA-Coordinated Research Projects (CRP) and Technical Cooperation Program (TC). This review article summarises the IAEA activities on the production and quality control of alpha emitter radiopharmaceuticals for targeted alpha therapy (TAT) and a roadmap to future steps including but not limited to the ongoing CRP on Ac-radiopharmaceuticals.

Tiny shifts, major ripples: Unravelling micro-mechanisms in the building of mother-infant attachment and psychophysiological regulation.

Parental nurturing touch plays a crucial role in early infant development by activating C-Tactile afferents, which trigger neurobiological pathways essential for parent-infant bonding and the building of attachment. This process is said to regulate the infant's parasympathetic nervous system, fostering emotional and physiological connection with the caregiver. Research has consistently shown that CT-mediated touch enhances infant parasympathetic tone, yet no clear patterns of mutual co-regulation between parent and infant have been reported.

Emotional events induce retrograde memory impairments on conceptually-related neutral events.

Emotional events are known to be prioritized during episodic encoding, leading to more detailed recollections compared to neutral events. Encoding an emotional event can influence the mnemonic fate of preceding or subsequent neutral events. Studies examining the impact of emotion on memory for neighboring neutral events have produced inconsistent results, which could be due to differences in the conceptual association between emotional and neutral stimuli.

Developmental timing of adversity and neural network organization: An fNIRS study of the impact of refugee displacement.

This study investigated the neurodevelopmental impacts of displacement on resettled Syrian refugee children in Canada, focusing on how the timing and duration of adversity experienced during displacement influence neural network organization. Using graph theoretical approaches within a network neuroscience framework, we examined how the developmental timing of displacement (age of displacement, duration of displacement) related to functional integration, segregation, and small-worldness. Syrian refugee children (n = 61, M=14 Range = 8-18), completed a resting state scan using functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging.

Symposium: Essentials of scientific writing for publications.

Manuscript writing is an essential process in research; it is the vehicle through which knowledge dissemination occurs from experimental findings. This manuscript aims to equip students, researchers, and professionals alike with the necessary skills and insights for publishing in scientific journals. Each section of a scientific paper is discussed: abstract, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, and conclusion, along with advice on the order by which these are written.

Network meta-analysis based ranking of dry off interventions to cure or prevent intramammary infections in dairy cows.

This study aimed to rank dry off interventions for the prevention of new intramammary infections (IMI) and the cure of existing IMI in quarters of dry cows using two network meta-analyses. Randomized controlled trials reported in 137 papers were assessed for inclusion eligibility. Network meta-analyses were performed separately for the incidence risk of IMI and cure risk of IMI.

Deciphering the effects of long-term exposure to conventional and biodegradable microplastics on the soil microbiome.

Despite recent advances in the understanding of the impacts of microplastics (MPs) on the soil microbiome under short-term exposure, little information is known regarding the long-term ecological effects of MPs in soil, especially biodegradable MPs (BMPs). Here, we systematically compared the effects of four prevalent microplastics, including two conventional MPs (CMPs) and two BMPs, on the soil microbiome over short- and long-term exposure durations. The soil microbial community were not significantly affected by the MP addition under short-term exposure; however, the soil microbial composition was obviously impacted by MP exposure under long-term exposure, some MP-adapted microbes (e.

Trait fatigue impacts Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) performance in multiple sclerosis: The role of working memory.

Background: Cognitive impairment and fatigue are two prevalent symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Fatigue is often thought to be associated with slower processing speed. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is a widely used assessment of processing speed in MS, but it has also been shown to tap into working memory as well.

SARS-CoV-2 Nsp13 helicase modulates miR-146a-mediated signaling pathways.

Despite the successful development of vaccines and antiviral therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2, its tendency to mutate rapidly has emphasized the need for continued research to better understand this virus's mechanism of pathogenesis and interactions with host signaling pathways. In this study, we sought to explore how the SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 13 (Nsp13) helicase, a highly conserved coronavirus protein that is essential for viral replication, influences host biological and cellular processes. Global transcriptomic analyses of Nsp13-transfected A549 cells identified changes in pathways involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing and translational repression by RNA, such as microRNAs (miRNAs).

When and how do parent-child acculturation gaps matter? A systematic review and recommendations for research and practice.

Parents and youth often adjust to new cultures at differing rates, resulting in parent-child acculturation gaps. The acculturation-gap distress hypothesis theorizes that these differences may negatively impact the child, parent, and family; however, findings remain inconsistent. In this systematic review, we provide an up-to-date synthesis of existing research on the parent-child acculturation gap among immigrant families and whether and when children's social and psychological outcomes, parenting, and family functioning are impacted.

Extreme thermophilic microbial inoculation for reducing NH and NO emissions in hyperthermophilic aerobic composting of refinery waste activated sludge.

Ammonia (NH) and nitrous oxide (NO) release are the main causes of nitrogen loss during aerobic composting. In this study, hyperthermophilic aerobic composting of refinery waste activated sludge (RWAS) was performed by adding extreme thermophilic bacteria, and the effects of inoculation on NH and NO emissions were systematically studied. The results revealed that inoculation achieved hyperthermophilic aerobic composting (T group), increased maturity, and reduced NH and NO emissions by 32.

Exploring registered dietitians' contributions and educational needs in primary care: Insights for health leaders.

Registered Dietitians (RDs) are essential professionals within Canadian Team-Based Primary Care (TBPC). RDs utilize practice competencies to ensure provision of high-quality care while working closely with other TBPC members. To fill in the gaps in the literature, the study's objective was to explore RDs' perception of their contributions to TBPC settings and their educational needs.

Seizures Associated With High-Dose Cefazolin in a Patient With Renal Dysfunction: A Case Report.

Cefazolin-induced encephalopathy and seizures are possibly related to excessive dosing; especially in those with renal dysfunction. This report aims to highlight the importance of dose adjustments of cefazolin in patients with diminished renal function. An 87-year-old female with a history of cognitive impairment, remote cerebellar infarcts, hypertension, and hypothyroidism presented with acute delirium associated with a urinary tract infection.

Visible-Light-Driven Methanol-To-Ethanol Conversion via Carbene Pathway by Frustrated Lewis Pairs.

Carbenes are critical intermediates in organic chemistry, recognized for their exceptional reactivity and versatility. However, conventional methods for carbene generation are often associated with safety risks and hazardous procedures. This study presents a Ga-ZnO nanosheets photocatalyst with a (100) preferred orientation, featuring abundant refined frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) sites, excellent light absorption, and efficient charge transport properties.

Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Consortium in Personalized Cancer Medicine: Bringing next-generation precision oncology to patients.

The human genome project ushered in a genomic medicine era that was largely unimaginable three decades ago. Discoveries of druggable cancer drivers enabled biomarker-driven gene- and immune-targeted therapy and transformed cancer treatment. Minimizing treatment not expected to benefit, and toxicity-including financial and time-are important goals of modern oncology.

Post-Concussion Brain Changes Relative to Pre-Injury White Matter and Cerebral Blood Flow: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: Medical clearance for return to play (RTP) after sports-related concussion is based on clinical assessment. It is unknown whether brain physiology has entirely returned to preinjury baseline at the time of clearance. In this longitudinal study, we assessed whether concussed individuals show functional and structural MRI brain changes relative to preinjury levels that persist beyond medical clearance.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections as a second-line treatment in patients with tendinopathy-related chronic pain and failure of conservative treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Design: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a popular treatment option in managing chronic tendinopathies, although the literature is inconsistent, mainly because of significant heterogeneity in patient populations. Patients who failed conservative management may respond differently than those who have not undergone first-line treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PRP injections in reducing pain and improving function in patients with chronic tendinopathy who failed conservative treatment.

The neurorepellent SLIT2 inhibits LPS-induced proinflammatory signaling in macrophages.

Macrophages are important mediators of immune responses with critical roles in the recognition and clearance of pathogens, as well as in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing. The neuronal guidance cue SLIT2 has been widely studied for its effects on immune cell functions, most notably directional cell migration. Recently, SLIT2 has been shown to directly enhance bacterial killing by macrophages, but the effects of SLIT2 on inflammatory activation of macrophages are less known.