Relationship between vertical facial pattern and brain structure and shape.

Objectives: Dolichofacial (long-faced) and brachyfacial (short-faced) individuals show specific and well-differentiated craniofacial morphology. Here, we hypothesise that differences in the basicranial orientation and topology between dolicho- and brachyfacial subjects could be associated with differences in the supporting brain tissues.

Material And Methods: Brain volumes (total intracranial, grey matter, and white matter volume), cortical thickness, and the volumes and shapes of fifteen subcortical nuclei were assessed on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging in 185 subjects.

The combined treatment with lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol is an efficient lifestyle intervention to manage cardiovascular and renal alterations in obese Zucker rats.

Purpose: Functional and structural changes in cardiovascular and renal systems resulting from obesity and metabolic syndrome represent a severe risk to human health. Lifestyle interventions such as combining healthy diet with adequate physical exercise protocols are good strategies to manage these pathologies. In this research, the effects of lentil protein hydrolysate administration, combined or not with a mixed training protocol, on insulin resistance, cardiovascular and renal functionality were studied in the obese Zucker rat experimental model.

Questionnaires on adherence to antihypertensive treatment: a systematic review of published questionnaires and their psychometric properties.

Background Non-adherence to antihypertensive treatment is currently considered one of the most significant risk factors in failure to achieve controlled blood pressure values. It is therefore extremely important to measure patient adherence to antihypertensive treatment. One way to measure adherence is through questionnaires.

Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout in Midwives: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The prevalence of burnout in midwives has been briefly studied. Given the negative effects of burnout syndrome in the physical and mental health, and also related to the quality of care provided, rates of absenteeism and sick leave; identifying related factors for the syndrome are needed. The aim was to determine the prevalence, levels, and factors related to the burnout syndrome, measured with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in midwives.

Vertical transmission may play a greater role in the spread of Leishmania infantum in synanthropic Mus musculus rodents than previously believed.

Vertical transmission of Leishmania infantum was demonstrated in domestic mice captured close to the home of a patient with leishmaniasis. Leishmania infantum DNA was detected in 88.9% of synanthropic Mus musculus adult rodents and 29.

Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Celecoxib on Several Physiological Parameters of Cultured Human Osteoblasts.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-selective NSAIDs, are associated with adverse effects on bone tissue. These drugs are frequently the treatment of choice but are the least studied with respect to their repercussion on bone. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of celecoxib on cultured human osteoblasts.

Effectiveness of patient-targeted interventions to increase cancer screening participation in rural areas: A systematic review.

Background: Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. The GLOBOCAN estimated 18.1 million new cases of cancer and 9.

Fermented Goat Milk Consumption Enhances Brain Molecular Functions during Iron Deficiency Anemia Recovery.

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies worldwide. Iron plays critical roles in nervous system development and cognition. Despite the known detrimental consequences of IDA on cognition, available studies do not provide molecular mechanisms elucidating the role of iron in brain functions during iron deficiency and recovery with dairy components.

Short-term effects of hyaluronic acid on the subgingival microbiome in peri-implantitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a hyaluronic acid (HA) gel at 45 days on the microbiome of implants with peri-implantitis with at least 1 year of loading.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in peri-implantitis patients. Swabs containing the samples were collected both at baseline and after 45 days of treatment.

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the Adrar Province, Mauritania.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mauritania is a country in which few ethnobotanical studies have been conducted and consequently the ethnomedical data is scarce. Since the geographical region reflects the transition between tropical and Northern Africa, influenced by the Mediterranean floristic region, the traditional knowledge was influenced by several cultures from tropical Africa as well as Arab, Berber and Islamic societies.

Aim Of The Study: This paper aims to explore and compile the diversity of ethnomedical knowledge in one of the regions of Mauritania and to compare the data with similar studies from surrounding territories.

A Multicentre Study of Psychological Variables and the Prevalence of Burnout among Primary Health Care Nurses.

Nurses in primary health care (PHC) have multiple responsibilities but must often work with limited resources. The study's aim was to estimate burnout levels among PHC nurses. A Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional, multicentre study of 338 nurses working in PHC in the Andalusian Public Health Service (Spain) is presented.

Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements.

Background: Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism.

Methods: A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.

How Fermentation Affects the Antioxidant Properties of Cereals and Legumes.

The major role of antioxidant compounds in preserving food shelf life, as well as providing health promoting benefits, combined with the increasing concern towards synthetic antioxidants, has led the scientific community to focus on natural antioxidants present in food matrices or resulting from microbial metabolism during fermentation. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the effect of fermentation on the antioxidant compounds of vegetables, with emphasis on cereals- and legumes- derived foods. Polyphenols are the main natural antioxidants in food.

Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms on the efficacy and toxicity of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients.

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the treatment of choice for advanced-stage (IIIB-IV) NSCLC patients with mutations in EGFR. However, EGFR-TKIs clinical outcomes vary from person to person and these inter-individual differences may be due to genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). SNPs in genes involved in EGFR-TKIs pharmacodynamics, metabolism and mechanism of action have been demonstrated to be associated with response, survival and toxicity in advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-TKIs.

Optimal start in dialysis shows increased survival in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: To compare the survival among patients with chronic kidney disease who had optimal starts of renal replacement therapy, dialysis or hemodialysis, with patients who had suboptimal starts.

Methods: A retrospective cohort consisting of >18 year-old patients who started renal replacement therapy, using peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, in any public hospital or associated center of the Andalusian Public Health System, between the 1st of January of 2006 and the 15th of March of 2017. The optimal start was defined when all the following criteria were met: a planned dialysis start, a minimum of six-month follow-up by a nephrologist, and a first dialysis method coinciding with the one registered at 90 days.

Lichens as a spatial record of metal air pollution in the industrialized city of Huelva (SW Spain).

Huelva is a highly industrialized city in SW Spain hosting, among others, a Cu smelter, a phosphate fertilizer plant, a power plant, and oil refineries. This study aims to evaluate metal concentrations in lichens as bioindicators of atmospheric pollution in the impacted urban areas. Xanthoria parietina species from Huelva and nearby villages, as well as reference samples from remote, non-contaminated urban areas, were analyzed for trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, As, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Pb, Th, U) using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry; and for major elements (Ca, K, Mg, P, and S) by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry after acid digestion.

Bone Protective Effect of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Phenolic Compounds by Modulating Osteoblast Gene Expression.

The phenolic compounds of extra-virgin olive oil can act at various levels to protect individuals against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and osteoporosis, among others. Polyphenols in extra-virgin olive oil can stimulate the proliferation of osteoblasts, modify their antigen profile, and promote alkaline phosphatase synthesis. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of different extra-virgin olive oil phenolic compounds on the gene expression of osteoblast-related markers.

Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses Working in Gynecology and Obstetrics Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although burnout levels and the corresponding risk factors have been studied in many nursing services, to date no meta-analytical studies have been undertaken of obstetrics and gynecology units to examine the heterogeneity of burnout in this environment and the variables associated with it. In the present paper, we aim to determine the prevalence, levels, and related factors of burnout syndrome among nurses working in gynecology and obstetrics services.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature were carried out using the following sources: CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature), Medline, ProQuest (Proquest Health and Medical Complete), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), and Scopus.

Changes with age (from 0 to 37 D) in tibiae bone mineralization, chemical composition and structural organization in broiler chickens.

Broiler chickens have an extreme physiology (rapid growth rates) that challenges the correct bone mineralization, being an interesting animal model for studying the development of bone pathologies. This work studies in detail how the mineralization, chemistry, and structural organization of tibiae bone in broiler chickens change with age during the first 5 wk (37 D) from hatching until acquiring the final weight for slaughter. During the early growth phase (first 2 wk), the rapid addition of bone tissue does not allow for bone organic matrix to fully mineralize and mature, and seems to be a critical period for bone development at which bone mineralization cannot keep pace with the rapid growth of bones.

LINE-1 Evasion of Epigenetic Repression in Humans.

Epigenetic silencing defends against LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposition in mammalian cells. However, the mechanisms that repress young L1 families and how L1 escapes to cause somatic genome mosaicism in the brain remain unclear. Here we report that a conserved Yin Yang 1 (YY1) transcription factor binding site mediates L1 promoter DNA methylation in pluripotent and differentiated cells.

Synthesis and Characterization of Specific Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors for Mammalian LINE-1 Retrotransposons.

Retrotransposons are a type of transposable element (TE) that have amplified to astonishing numbers in mammalian genomes, comprising more than a third of the human and mouse genomes. Long interspersed element class 1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposons are abundant and currently active retroelements in the human and mouse genomes. Similarly, long terminal repeat (LTR)-containing retrotransposons are abundant in both genomes, although only active in mice.

Oxidative stress, DNA stability and evoked inflammatory signaling in young celiac patients consuming a gluten-free diet.

Purpose: Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial, autoimmune, gluten-sensitive inflammatory disorder of the small intestine. Taking into account the pathogenesis of CD, a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment able to restore epithelium integrity and eliminate complications. The current study was designed to assess whether the use of a GFD is sufficient for maintaining a correct oxidative/antioxidant balance and ameliorating the evoked inflammatory signaling in young patients with CD.

Comparative Metabolomics between and the MTBVAC Vaccine Candidate.

MTBVAC is a live attenuated vaccine constructed by genetic deletions in the and virulence genes. The MTBVAC vaccine is currently in phase 2 clinical trials with newborns and adults in South Africa, one of the countries with the highest incidence. Although MTBVAC has been extensively characterized by genomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, and proteomics, its metabolomic profile is yet unknown.

The historical development of pharmacopoeias and the inclusion of exotic herbal drugs with a focus on Europe and Brazil.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In spite of the rich bio-cultural diversity found in the Neotropics relatively few herbal drugs native to South America are included in the global pharmacopoeia.

Material And Methods: In the attempt to historically explain the inclusion of herbal drugs into official pharmacopoeias we consider the disparate epidemiology and cultural evolution of the New and the Old World. We then trace the development of pharmacopoeias and review forces that worked towards and against the synchronization of pharmacopoeias and highlight the role of early chemical and pharmacological studies in Europe.

Subclustering in Skeletal Class III Phenotypes of Different Ethnic Origins: A Systematic Review.

Objective: We aimed to systematically review articles investigating the efficiency of the clustering of skeletal class III malocclusion phenotypic subtypes of different ethnic origins as a diagnostic tool.

Methods: The review protocol was structured in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and registered in Prospero (CRD42016053865). A survey of articles published up to March 2018 investigating the identification of different subgroups of skeletal class III malocclusion via cluster analysis was performed using 11 electronic databases.