Six Decades of Hindsight Into Yesa Reservoir (Central Spanish Pyrenees): River Flow Dwindles as Vegetation Cover Increases and Mediterranean Atmospheric Dynamics Take Control.

River discharge has experienced diverse changes in the last decades due to modification of hydrological patterns, anthropogenic intervention, re-vegetation or annual and interannual climatic and atmospheric fluctuations. Assessing the recent changes in river discharge and understanding the main drivers of these changes is thus extremely important from theoretical and applied points of view. More specifically, here we want to draw attention toward the impacts of streamflow changes on reservoir storage and operation.

Energy-ecological efficiency of dual-fuel series plug-in hybrid electric vehicle considering WTW emissions.

This paper discussed the possibility of replacing the internal combustion engine of the series plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) powered by gasoline A and Brazilian gasoline in single-fuel mode by one fuelled with 50% bioethanol and 50% biogas in dual-fuel mode. The simulation of the combustion of the fuels selected, such as bioethanol, biogas and gasoline A, was carried out through GASEQ software to calculate the energy-ecological efficiency of the single-fuel and dual-fuel modes. The well-to-pump (WTP) emissions of the bioethanol and biogas production from sugarcane were evaluated through GREET software.

Hydroxychloroquine safety in Covid-19 vs non-Covid-19 patients: analysis of differences and potential interactions.

Background: The use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in the first COVID-19 epidemic wave raised safety concerns.

Research Design And Methods: Adverse reactions (ADR) suspected to be induced by HCQ and submitted to the Spanish Pharmacovigilance Database were studied. A disproportionality analysis was performed to determine adverse effects reported in non-Covid and Covid patients.

Additive Ensemble Neural Network with Constrained Weighted Quantile Loss for Probabilistic Electric-Load Forecasting.

This work proposes a quantile regression neural network based on a novel constrained weighted quantile loss (CWQLoss) and its application to probabilistic short and medium-term electric-load forecasting of special interest for smart grids operations. The method allows any point forecast neural network based on a multivariate multi-output regression model to be expanded to become a quantile regression model. CWQLoss extends the pinball loss to more than one quantile by creating a weighted average for all predictions in the forecast window and across all quantiles.

Infrared Thermography for the Detection and Characterization of Photovoltaic Defects: Comparison between Illumination and Dark Conditions.

Newly installed renewable power capacity has been increasing incredibly in recent years. For example, in 2018, 181 GW were installed worldwide. In this scenario, in which photovoltaic (PV) energy plays a leading role, it is essential for main players involved in PV plants to be able to identify the failure modes in PV modules in order to reduce investment risk, to focus their maintenance efforts on preventing those failures and to improve longevity and performance of PV plants.

Effects of corrective, therapeutic exercise techniques on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A systematic review.

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of corrective, therapeutic exercise techniques on subjects with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A systematic review was conducted by searching the Cochrane Library Plus, Pubmed, PEDro, and SCOPUS databases. Studies in patients diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis that considered corrective, therapeutic exercise as an independent outcome measure and symptoms, functional capacity, Cobb's angle and/or other angles or body asymmetries as dependent outcome measures were included.

Changes in circulating cytokines and markers of muscle damage in elite cyclists during a multi-stage competition.

The purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the basal and post-exercise plasma markers of muscular damage, lipid peroxidation and cytokines in eight male well-trained semiprofessional cyclists, in response to a three consecutive-day cycling competition. Serum markers of oxidative and muscular damage - creatine kinase activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, myoglobin and malondialdehyde (MDA), creatinine and nitrite levels - followed a sawtooth-type representation throughout the competition. MDA showed an accumulative pattern, evidenced in the post-race values of the third stage which were significantly higher with respect to the values of the first stage.

Isolation and characterization of a glucan-type polysaccharide from the red pine mushroom, Lactarius deliciosus (Higher Basidiomycetes).

A novel glucan-type polysaccharide has been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom Lactarius deliciosus. Two successive extractions (cold aqueous extraction at 25°C and hot aqueous extraction at 100°C) were performed, and the same polysaccharide was obtained in both fractions. The purity of the polysaccharide was evaluated by size exclusion chromatography.

Storage temperature and UV-irradiation influence on the ergosterol content in edible mushrooms.

Ergosterol (5,7,22-ergostatrien-3β-ol) and ergosteryl derivatives from different genera of edible mushrooms were separated and quantified by an isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The technique allowed a rapid separation of free ergosterol and two ergosteryl derivatives occurring in mushrooms. The ergosterol content varied considerably depending on the fungus.

Polysaccharides from the edible mushroom Calocybe gambosa: structure and chain conformation of a (1→4),(1→6)-linked glucan.

Three polysaccharides were isolated from the fruiting bodies of the mushroom Calocybe gambosa by cold water (PS-Cg fC), hot water (PS-Cg fH), and hot aqueous NaOH (PS-Cg fB) extractions. The size exclusion chromatograms presented in all cases a single peak showing a molecular weight of 145kDa. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, and NMR analysis, the structure of the three polysaccharides appeared to be equivalent.

Strategies for the preparation and concentration of mushroom aromatic products.

Fungal aroma comprises at least seven chemical groups of volatile organic compounds, which are plain hydrocarbons, heterocycles, alcohols, phenols, acids and derivatives, carbonyls (aldehydes and ketones), and sulfur containing molecules. This aromatic blend provides the excellent sensory properties to produce and several strategies have been employed to create aromatic products having the aroma and taste of mushrooms and truffles. Nowadays, there are several procedures to obtain aroma concentrates.

Use of modified atmosphere packaging to preserve mushroom quality during storage.

Mushrooms have attracted much attention due to their excellent nutritional and sensory properties. However, they are highly perishable and rapidly lose their organoleptic characteristics. Many methods have been employed for mushroom storage, such as packaging, blanching, canning, or freeze drying.

Edible mushrooms: role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Edible mushrooms are a valuable source of nutrients and bioactive compounds in addition to a growing appeal for humans by their flavors and culinary features. Recently, they have become increasingly attractive as functional foods for their potential beneficial effects on human health. Hence, food industry is especially interested in cultivated and wild edible mushrooms.

Flavonoids as anti-inflammatory agents: implications in cancer and cardiovascular disease.

Chronic inflammation is being shown to be increasingly involved in the onset and development of several pathological disturbances such as arteriosclerosis, obesity, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and even cancer. Treatment for chronic inflammatory disorders has not been solved, and there is an urgent need to find new and safe anti-inflammatory compounds. Flavonoids belong to a group of natural substances occurring normally in the diet that exhibit a variety of beneficial effects on health.

Sample preparation for the analysis of isoflavones from soybeans and soy foods.

This manuscript provides a review of the actual state and the most recent advances as well as current trends and future prospects in sample preparation and analysis for the quantification of isoflavones from soybeans and soy foods. Individual steps of the procedures used in sample preparation, including sample conservation, extraction techniques and methods, and post-extraction treatment procedures are discussed. The most commonly used methods for extraction of isoflavones with both conventional and "modern" techniques are examined in detail.