Learning on the job? Foraging strategies of juvenile versus adult Lesser black-backed gulls at their first migratory stopover.

Developing efficient foraging strategies is critical for survival, especially during the high-mortality post-fledging period in birds. This period is particularly challenging for migratory species, where juveniles must navigate unfamiliar environments with limited experience and knowledge. Our study focused on the foraging strategies of 20 juvenile lesser black-backed gulls () during the first 20 days of their initial migratory stopover.

Physiological stress response to urbanisation differs between native and invasive squirrel species.

Novel pressures derived from urbanisation can alter native habitats and ultimately impact wildlife. Coping with such human-driven changes might induce shifts in species phenotypic traits, such as physiological responses to anthropogenic stressors. Preadaptation to face those challenges has been suggested to favour settlement and spread of invasive alien species in urbanised areas which, consequently, might respond differently than ecologically similar native species to stressors posed by urbanisation.

Native species exhibit physiological habituation to invaders: a reason for hope.

Animals cope with environmental perturbations through the stress response, a set of behavioural and physiological responses aimed to maintain and/or return to homeostasis and enhance fitness. Vertebrate neuroendocrine axis activation in response to environmental stressors can result in the secretion of glucocorticoids (GCs), whose acute increases may be adaptive, while chronic elevation may be detrimental. Invasive grey squirrels () act as a stressor eliciting elevation of GCs in native red squirrels ().

Adaptive stress response genes associated with breast cancer subtypes and survival outcomes reveal race-related differences.

Aggressive breast cancer variants, like triple negative and inflammatory breast cancer, contribute to disparities in survival and clinical outcomes among African American (AA) patients compared to White (W) patients. We previously identified the dominant role of anti-apoptotic protein XIAP in regulating tumor cell adaptive stress response (ASR) that promotes a hyperproliferative, drug resistant phenotype. Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we identified 46-88 ASR genes that are differentially expressed (2-fold-change and adjusted p-value < 0.

Biopsychosocial risk factors for pain and pain-related disability 1 year after surgery for breast cancer.

Purpose: Knowledge regarding risk factors for pain in the long term after surgery for breast cancer may be of great value in preventing this prevalent and debilitating side effect. Despite the biopsychosocial nature of pain, the predictive value of both pre- and postoperative biopsychosocial functioning for long-term pain intensity and pain-related disability has not yet been studied.

Methods: One hundred sixty-six women planned for unilateral breast cancer surgery were included in this prospective cohort study.

Computed tomography measured psoas muscle attenuation predicts mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine if computed tomography (CT) psoas muscular attenuation measurements may predict all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVI.

Methods: Ninety-four consecutive patients undergoing TAVI were analysed. The CT axial slice at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra was selected.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of mcr-1-positive multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli ST93, ST117, ST156, ST10, and ST744 isolated from poultry in Poland.

Background: A plasmid-mediated mechanism of bacterial resistance to polymyxin is a serious threat to public health worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes and to conduct the molecular characterization of mcr-positive Escherichia coli strains isolated from Polish poultry.

Methods: In this study, 318 E.

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Elevated L-Carnitine Metabolism in Pig and Rat Colon Tissue Following Red Versus White Meat Intake.

Scope: The consumption of red and processed meat, and not white meat, associates with the development of various Western diseases such as colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes. This work aims at unraveling novel meat-associated mechanisms that are involved in disease development.

Methods And Results: A non-hypothesis driven strategy of untargeted metabolomics is applied to assess colon tissue from rats (fed a high dose of beef vs.

Cholinergic Modulation of the Default Mode Like Network in Rats.

The discovery of the default mode network (DMN), a large-scale brain network that is suppressed during attention-demanding tasks, had major impact in neuroscience. This network exhibits an antagonistic relationship with attention-related networks. A better understanding of the processes underlying modulation of DMN is imperative, as this network is compromised in several neurological diseases.

Inflammatory breast cancer cells are characterized by abrogated TGFβ1-dependent cell motility and SMAD3 activity.

Purpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer with elevated metastatic potential, characterized by tumor emboli in dermal and parenchymal lymph vessels. This study has investigated the hypothesis that TGFβ signaling is implicated in the molecular biology of IBC.

Methods: TGFβ1-induced cell motility and gene expression patterns were investigated in three IBC and three non-IBC (nIBC) cell lines.

Chromosomal microarray analysis of Bulgarian patients with epilepsy and intellectual disability.

High resolution chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has facilitated the identification of small chromosomal rearrangements throughout the genome, associated with various neurodevelopmental phenotypes, including ID/DD. Recently, it became evident that intellectual disability (ID)/developmental delay (DD) can occur with associated co-morbidities like epileptic seizures, autism and additional congenital anomalies. These observations require whole genome approach in order to detect the genetic causes of these complex disorders.

Forensic Assertive Community Treatment in a Continuum of Care for Male Internees in Belgium: Results After 33 Months.

Non-forensic or regular assertive community treatment (ACT) has positive effects on non-forensic outcomes but has poor effects on forensic outcome measures. In this study, we examined non-forensic and forensic outcome measures of a forensic adaptation of ACT (ForACT) within a continuum of care for internees. Data were collected retrospectively from files of 70 participants in the ForACT group who had been released from a forensic hospital.

Forensic Assertive Community Treatment: A Review of the Literature.

An extensive body of literature provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of assertive community treatment (ACT) with regard to non-forensic outcome measures, such as number of hospital admissions and length of stay. However, research findings on the effectiveness of ACT for forensic outcome measures, such as rearrests or detentions, is much less clear. The present review, therefore, focuses on the application of ACT in forensic populations, combining key elements of ACT with elements of forensic rehabilitation models.

Context matters: Student-perceived binge drinking norms at faculty-level relate to binge drinking behavior in higher education.

Background: Binge drinking in higher education is an important problem. To target binge drinking in students it is necessary to study the social context of students. Faculties (i.

Component-resolved allergy diagnosis: a new era?

During the last decades a new in vitro technique has entered the field of allergy diagnosis, that is, component-resolved allergy diagnosis (CRD). In contrast to traditional specific IgE (sIgE) assays, CRD does not rely upon whole extract preparations from native allergens but on quantification of sIgE antibodies to single protein components, purified from natural sources or obtained by recombinant techniques. At present, it emerges that CRD can improve management of the allergic patient as it allows (to some extent) to discriminate between clinically significant and irrelevant sIgE result and to establish sensitization patterns with particular prognostic outcomes.

Prevalence of avian influenza and host ecology.

Waterfowl and shorebirds are common reservoirs of the low pathogenic subtypes of avian influenza (LPAI), which are easily transmitted to poultry and become highly pathogenic. As the risk of virus transmission depends on the prevalence of LPAI in host-reservoir systems, there is an urgent need for understanding how host ecology, life history and behaviour can affect virus prevalence in the wild. To test for the most important ecological correlates of LPAI virus prevalence at the interspecific level, we applied a comparative analysis by using quantitative data on 30 bird species.