Correlates of Using Medically-Authorized Cannabis in a Large Cohort of People Living with HIV Who Use Cannabis.

Many people living with HIV (PLWH) use cannabis to manage symptoms, but a large proportion do so without medical cannabis authorization and use cannabis obtained outside the medical stream. In jurisdictions where non-medical cannabis use is legal, PLWH who hold medical cannabis authorization may represent a unique subgroup; yet, research on the correlates of using medical cannabis (authorized by a healthcare provider) in the context of non-medical cannabis legalization is lacking. Thus, this study examined the cannabis- and health-related correlates of medical cannabis use among PLWH in Ontario, Canada, where non-medical cannabis is legal.

The Implementation of Integrated Youth Services in Canada: Planning and Costing of a Pan-Canadian Model: La mise en œuvre des services intégrés pour les jeunes au Canada : planification et établissement des coûts d'un modèle pancanadien.

Objective: The implementation of Integrated Youth Services (IYS) can help ensure that youth are adequately supported. The objective of this analysis was to provide a model for the planning and costing of IYS throughout Canada over a 15-year period.

Methods: To estimate resource allocation for IYS, we determined the number of hubs and hub staffing requirements by service level and jurisdiction, backbone support and infrastructure requirements by jurisdiction.

Real-World Treatment of Schizophrenia in Adults With a 22q11.2 Microdeletion: Traitement dans le monde réel de la schizophrénie chez des adultes atteints du syndrome de microdélétion 22q11.2.

Objective: One in every 4 individuals born with a 22q11.2 microdeletion will develop schizophrenia. Thirty years of clinical genetic testing capability have enabled detection of this major molecular susceptibility for psychotic illness.

Burnout, motivation and job satisfaction among community health workers recruited for a depression training in Madhya Pradesh, India: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Burnout, low motivation, and poor job satisfaction among community health workers (CHWs) have negative impacts on health workers and on patients. This study aimed to characterize levels of burnout, motivation, and job satisfaction in CHWs in Madhya Pradesh, India and to determine the relation between these levels and participant characteristics. This study can inform efforts to promote wellbeing and address stress in this population.

Cognitive flexibility in autism: How task predictability and sex influence performances.

While cognitive flexibility challenges are frequently reported in autistic individuals, inconsistencies in the findings prompt further investigation into the factors influencing this flexibility. We suggest that unique aspects of the predictive brain in autistic individuals might contribute to these challenges, potentially varying by sex. Our study aimed to test these hypotheses by examining cognitive flexibility under different predictability conditions in a sample including a similar number of males and females.

Metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD): Position statement by an expert panel on alcohol-related liver disease.

In this position statement, we explore the intricate relationship between alcohol intake and metabolic dysfunction in the context of the 2023 nomenclature update for steatotic liver disease (SLD). Recent and lifetime alcohol use should be accurately assessed in all patients with SLD to facilitate classification of alcohol use in grams of alcohol per week. Alcohol biomarkers (i.

Adult Phenotype of -Associated Disorders.

Background And Objectives: Pathogenic variants are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. While pediatric phenotypes have been readily explored, adult phenotypes are not well understood. We aimed to investigate the phenotypic spectrum of adult patients with variants.

Willingness of population health survey participants to provide personal health information and biological samples.

Background: Biological sample collection and data linkage can expand the utility of population health surveys. The present study investigates factors associated with population health survey respondents' willingness to provide biological samples and personal health information.

Methods: Using data from the 2019 Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Monitor survey (n = 2,827), we examined participants' willingness to provide blood samples, saliva samples, probabilistic linkage, and direct linkage with personal health information.

Psychometric properties of the Taiwan version of Emotion Dysregulation Inventory in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: While the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) for autistic people has been validated in many Western countries, its psychometric properties have remained unclear in East Asia.

Methods: We translated the EDI into traditional Chinese and evaluated its psychometric properties among autistic children and youth in Taiwan. We enrolled 200 participants (182 male/18 female) aged 7-30 years from five clinical trials and conducted secondary analyses, assessing internal consistency reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity.

Assessing plasticity in the primary sensory cortex and its relation with atypical tactile reactivity in autism: A TMS-EEG protocol.

Background: Atypical sensory reactivity is a cardinal presentation in autism. Within the tactile domain, atypical tactile reactivity (TR) is common, it emerges early, persists into adulthood, and impedes social interaction and daily functioning. Hence, atypical TR is a key target for biological intervention to improve outcomes.

Neuronal viability/astrocyte activity ratio in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as a biomarker of Alzheimer's dementia: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) and myo-inositol (mI) are neurometabolites reflecting neuronal viability and astrocyte activity, respectively. These are quantified using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and may be biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD). Our objectives were: 1) Compare dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) NAA and mI levels between AD and cognitively healthy control participants (HC) 2) assess if NAA/mI ratio can distinguish groups, and 3) explore the relationship between metabolites and cognition.

The impact of an integrated alcohol policy: The example of Lithuania.

Introduction: Although integrated alcohol policies, characterised by being consistent, structurally connected and interdependent, are considered to be best practices, very few evaluations of such policies exist. We evaluated the impact of two phases of integrated alcohol policies implemented in Lithuania in 2008/2009 and 2017/2018 on adult (15+ years of age) alcohol per capita consumption.

Methods: Alcohol per capita consumption was the main outcome, based on national data from Statistics Lithuania.

Polygenic score analyses on antidepressant response in late-life depression, results from the IRL-GRey study.

Late-life depression (LLD) is often accompanied by medical comorbidities such as psychiatric disorders and cardiovascular diseases, posing challenges to antidepressant treatment. Recent studies highlighted significant associations between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and polygenic risk score (PRS) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults as well as a negative association between antidepressant symptom improvement with both schizophrenia and bipolar. Here, we sought to validate these findings with symptom remission in LLD.

Understanding cognitive flexibility in emotional evaluation in autistic males and females: the social context matters.

Background: Autistic individuals often have difficulty flexibly adjusting their behavior. However, laboratory experiments have yielded inconsistent results, potentially due to various influencing factors, which need to be examined in detail. This study aimed to investigate the hypothesis that the social content of stimuli could play a specific role in some of the flexibility challenges faced by autistic individuals.

Prospective Preference Assessment for the Psilocybin for Enhanced Analgesia in Chronic nEuropathic PAIN (PEACE-PAIN) Trial.

Background: Negative perceptions of psilocybin and challenges of participant enrollment may represent barriers to conducting a randomized controlled trial examining psilocybin for chronic neuropathic pain.

Aim: Prior to trial initiation, we aimed to examine patient attitudes toward the trial via a prospective preference assessment.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with chronic neuropathic pain participated in a prospective preference assessment comprising quantitative (survey) and qualitative (interview) components.

Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Population-Level Cross-Sectional Study: Titre: Caractéristiques cliniques des patients hospitalisés présentant un trouble du spectre de la schizophrénie et traités par électrochocs : Une étude de population transversale.

Objective: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an evidence-based treatment for schizophrenia when anti-psychotic medications do not sufficiently control symptoms of psychosis or rapid response is required. Little is known about how it is used in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to identify the association of demographic and clinical characteristics with administration of ECT for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).

Changes in sex differences in mental health over time: the moderating effects of educational status and loneliness.

Background: Limited evidence exists regarding how sex differences in mental health are changing over time, especially in the context of recent health and economic adversities.

Aims: To examine the temporal shifts in mental health issues among males and females, and explore the influence of education and loneliness on these trends.

Methods: Data were utilized from the 2020 to 2023 Monitor study, a repeated cross-sectional survey of adults 18 years and older in Ontario, Canada.

Global Trends in Psychedelic Microdosing: Demographics, Substance Testing Behavior, and Patterns of Use.

Despite psychedelic microdosing being a growing practice, the research on the topic is still in its infancy. While several studies have described the characteristics, motivations and practices of microdosers, the differences between individuals that only microdose and those that use both micro and macrodoses of psychedelics remain unexplored. In an online survey, we collected data of 6193 psychedelic consumers of which 2488 were microdosers of up to 11 different classical and atypical psychedelics.