Trial of Selective Early Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus with Ibuprofen.

Background: The cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen may be used to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Whether selective early treatment of large PDAs with ibuprofen would improve short-term outcomes is not known.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating early treatment (≤72 hours after birth) with ibuprofen for a large PDA (diameter of ≥1.

UK recommendations for germline genetic testing and surveillance in clinical practice.

pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) are identified in up to 10% of patients with paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma and up to 30% with wild-type gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Most PGV carriers present with an apparently sporadic tumour, but often the pathogenic variant has been inherited from parent who has the variant, but has not developed any clinical features. Studies of PGV carriers suggest that lifetime penetrance for SDHA-associated tumours is low, particularly when identified outside the context of a family history.

Awareness and preparedness of healthcare workers against the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey across 57 countries.

Background: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, there have been concerns related to the preparedness of healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to describe the level of awareness and preparedness of hospital HCWs at the time of the first wave.

Methods: This multinational, multicenter, cross-sectional survey was conducted among hospital HCWs from February to May 2020.

Study protocol: baby-OSCAR trial: Outcome after Selective early treatment for Closure of patent ductus ARteriosus in preterm babies, a multicentre, masked, randomised placebo-controlled parallel group trial.

Background: The question of whether to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) early or wait until symptoms appear remains high on the research agenda for neonatal medicine. Around 7000 extremely preterm babies under 29 weeks' gestation are born in the UK every year. In 40% of cases the PDA will fail to close spontaneously, even by 4 months of age.

Genetic stratification of inherited and sporadic phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma: implications for precision medicine.

Over the past two decades advances in genomic technologies have transformed knowledge of the genetic basis of phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL). Though traditional teaching suggested that inherited cases accounted for only 10% of all phaeochromocytoma diagnosis, current estimates are at least three times this proportion. Inherited PPGL is a highly genetically heterogeneous disorder but the most frequently results from inactivating variants in genes encoding subunits of succinate dehydrogenase.

Current trends in pessary management of vaginal prolapse: a multidisciplinary survey of UK practice.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Symptomatic vaginal prolapse affects 6-28% of women and significantly impacts their quality of life. Pessaries for prolapse are used by three-quarters of clinicians as a first-line treatment; however, current clinical use in the UK is unknown and there is a lack of clinical guidance or training. This study is aimed at informing the upcoming UK Clinical Guidance on best practice for the use of pessaries document.

Bayley III in Vietnamese children: lessons for cross-cultural comparisons.

There are limited psychometric reports of construct validity following adaptation of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3 edition (Bayley III). This paper aims to demonstrate a process of assessing reliability, validity, and gender equivalence of the adapted tool for Vietnamese children. We evaluated cognitive, fine motor, gross motor, expressive communication and receptive communication subtests of the adapted tool in 267 healthy urban Vietnamese children.

Challenges in the use of literature-based meta-analysis to examine gene-environment interactions.

Statistical interactions between genes and environmental exposures with respect to disease outcomes may help to identify biologic mechanisms and pathways and inform behavioral interventions. The number of persons required for a single study to have sufficient statistical power to detect such interactions may be considered prohibitively large, making a meta-analysis of published literature an apparently attractive alternative. However, meta-analysis of gene-environment interactions using published literature is challenging, with the conclusions being likely to suffer from bias and lack of generalizability.

Is atropine needed with ketamine sedation? A prospective, randomised, double blind study.

Objective: To compare atropine with placebo as an adjunct to ketamine sedation in children undergoing minor painful procedures. Outcome measures included hypersalivation, side effect profile, parental/patient satisfaction, and procedural success rate.

Methods: Children aged between 1 and 16 years of age requiring ketamine procedural sedation in a tertiary emergency department were randomised to receive 0.