A Statewide Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Three Models for Implementing Parent Child Interaction Therapy.

Objective: This study (NIMH RO1 MH095750; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02543359) evaluated the effectiveness of three training models to implement a well-established evidence-based treatment, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT).

Method: Fifty licensed outpatient clinics, including 100 clinicians, 50 supervisors, and 50 administrators were randomized to one of three training conditions: 1) Learning Collaborative (LC), 2) Cascading Model (CM) or 3) Distance Education (DE).

A COVID-19 mathematical model of at-risk populations with non-pharmaceutical preventive measures: The case of Brazil and South Africa.

This work examines a mathematical model of COVID-19 among two subgroups: low-risk and high-risk populations with two preventive measures; non-pharmaceutical interventions including wearing masks, maintaining social distance, and washing hands regularly by the low-risk group. In addition to the interventions mentioned above, high-risk individuals must take extra precaution measures, including telework, avoiding social gathering or public places, etc. to reduce the transmission.

The Invasion of Megachile policaris (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) to Hawai'i.

Islands are insular environments that are negatively impacted by invasive species. In Hawai'i, at least 21 non-native bees have been documented to date, joining the diversity of >9,000 non-native and invasive species to the archipelago. The goal of this study is to describe the persistence, genetic diversity, and natural history of the most recently established bee to Hawai'i, Megachile policaris Say, 1831 (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae).

Hawaiian Nysius Insects Rely on an Obligate Symbiont with a Reduced Genome That Retains a Discrete Nutritional Profile to Match Their Plant Seed Diet.

Seed-feeding Nysius insects (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) have a symbiotic association with distinct intracellular bacteria, "Candidatus Schneideria nysicola" (Gammaproteobacteria). Although many other hemipteran insect groups generally rely on bacterial symbionts that synthesize all ten essential amino acids lacking in their plant sap diets, the nutritional role of Schneideria in Nysius hosts that specialize on a more nutritionally complete seed-based diet has remained unknown. To determine the nutritional and functional capabilities of Schneideria, we sequenced the complete Schneideria genomes from three distantly related endemic Hawaiian Nysius seed bug species.

Impact of Public Health Education Program on the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak in the United States.

The coronavirus outbreak in the United States continues to pose a serious threat to human lives. Public health measures to slow down the spread of the virus involve using a face mask, social-distancing, and frequent hand washing. Since the beginning of the pandemic, there has been a global campaign on the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to curtail the spread of the virus.

Making Implementation Last: The Impact of Training Design on the Sustainability of an Evidence-Based Treatment in a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Although advances have been made in facilitating the implementation of evidence-based treatments, little is known about the most effective way to sustain their use over time. The current study examined the sustainability of one evidence-based treatment, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), following a statewide implementation trial testing three training methods: Cascading Model, Learning Collaborative, and Distance Education. Participants included 100 clinicians and 50 administrators from 50 organizations across Pennsylvania.

Yoga as medicine: Understanding Bhutanese refugee perspectives on health and healthcare.

Bhutanese refugees in the U.S. often struggle to access culturally competent health treatment.

COVID-19 intervention models: An initial aggressive treatment strategy for controlling the infection.

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak emerged in December 2019. The disease has caused loss of many lives and has become an unprecedented threat to public health worldwide. We develop simple COVID-19 epidemic models to study treatment strategies to control the pandemic.

A fractional order approach to modeling and simulations of the novel COVID-19.

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), or COVID-19, has emerged and spread at fast speed globally; the disease has become an unprecedented threat to public health worldwide. It is one of the greatest public health challenges in modern times, with no proven cure or vaccine. In this paper, our focus is on a fractional order approach to modeling and simulations of the novel COVID-19.

Health 4.0: On the Way to Realizing the Healthcare of the Future.

Health 4.0 establishes a new promising vision for the healthcare industry. It creatively integrates and employ innovative technologies such as the Internet of Health Things (IoHT), medical Cyber-Physical Systems (medical CPS), health cloud, health fog, big data analytics, machine learning, blockchain, and smart algorithms.

The impact of implementing HIV prevention policies therapy and control strategy among HIV and AIDS incidence cases in Malaysia.

Malaysia is faced with a high HIV/AIDS burden that poses a public health threat. We constructed and applied a compartmental model to understand the spread and control of HIV/AIDS in Malaysia. A simple model for HIV and AIDS disease that incorporates condom and uncontaminated needle-syringes interventions and addresses the relative impact of given treatment therapy for infected HIV newborns on reducing HIV and AIDS incidence is presented.

Understanding the Effectiveness of the Cascading Model to Implement Parent-Child Interaction Therapy.

Few community-based behavioral health clinicians are trained in evidence-based practices (EBPs). The Cascading Model (CM), a training model in which expert-trained clinicians train others at their agency, may help increase the number of EBP-trained clinicians. This study is one of the first to describe CM training methods and to examine differences between clinicians trained by an expert, and those trained through a within-agency training (WAT) by a fellow clinician.

Association of lean body mass to menopausal symptoms: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of lean body mass (LBM) to the development of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) as women transition through menopause.

Methods: This study is a secondary use of data available for public use from follow up visits six through 10 for participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. The study examined 2533 women, between the ages 42-52 years, each year over a10-year period.

The Art of Coaching: Addressing Mobile Technology Integration in a Complex Hospital School Environment.

This qualitative study examined the effects of a coaching program as part of a professional development effort to support integration of mobile technologies in a hospital school setting. The professional development consisted of two components: (a) the researchers introduced pedagogical models for incorporating mobile technology in education and (b) a technological expert (the iCoach) provided one-on-one and small-group personalized coaching. After studying the contextual challenges and teachers' needs over a period of 12 months, an effective coaching model emerged.

Roller Massage: Comparing the Immediate Post-Treatment Effects Between an Instructional Video and a Self-Preferred Program Using Two Different Density-Type Roller Balls.

The aims of this study were to (1) compare the immediate post-treatment effects of an instructional video versus a self-preferred program on the hip range of motion and a pressure pain threshold using two different density roller balls, and (2) compare the effects of the two roller balls on those variables. Forty adults were randomly allocated into four groups: (1) MB1-video, (2) MB1-self-preferred, (3) MBX-video, and (4) MBX-self-preferred. Participants followed a video or a self-preferred program using either a moderate (MB1) or a hard (MBX) density ball.

Influence of climate change and postdelisting management on long-term population viability of the conservation-reliant Kirtland's Warbler.

Rapid global climate change is resulting in novel abiotic and biotic conditions and interactions. Identifying management strategies that maximize probability of long-term persistence requires an understanding of the vulnerability of species to environmental changes. We sought to quantify the vulnerability of Kirtland's Warbler (), a rare Neotropical migratory songbird that breeds almost exclusively in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and winters in the Bahamian Archipelago, to projected environmental changes on the breeding and wintering grounds.

Impacts of point-source Net Alkaline Mine Drainage (NAMD) on stream macroinvertebrate communities.

Over 4000 km of Pennsylvania's flowing waters and attendant ecosystems have been degraded by mine drainage to the exclusion of multiple designated uses. Both Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) and Net Alkaline Mine Drainage (NAMD) may result from coal extraction depending on the underlying geology. Acid Mine Drainage is characterized as an acidic mixture of toxic heavy metals in solution, while NAMD is circumneutral in pH with metals forming oxidized precipitates.

Identification with the American South and Anti-Muslim Attitudes.

The number of anti-Muslim hate groups in the U.S. nearly tripled between 2015 and 2016.

The American South: Explorations on southern attachments and personal values.

Group membership is central to understanding political behavior and political psychology. However, regional group membership is rarely examined, despite its relevance to political psychology and personal values. To address this, we investigated the relationships among southern identity, southern nationalism, southern pride, and southern constructive patriotism for the U.

A new approach to measure the resistance of fabric to liquid and viral penetration.

Protective clothing manufacturers routinely test their products for resistance to liquid and viral penetration. Several of the test methods specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) for penetration testing produce binary results (i.e.

The transformative and informative nature of elections: Representation, schism, and exit.

In democratic elections, constituents may view unconventional or non-prototypical candidates as attempting to reshape their national identity in the wrong direction. When a non-prototypical candidate actually steps into a leadership role, the group's consensual view of their prototype may shift to position this new leader as prototypical. This process should be bound in member consensus, evidenced by the leader's successful election.

Do ring-necked snakes choose retreat sites based upon thermal preferences?

Biochemical reaction rates are highly sensitive to temperature, and the body temperatures of ectotherms covary with their immediate environment. Therefore, ectotherms should choose microhabitats that permit the maintenance of physiological function. While some previous studies have found that squamate reptiles choose retreat sites that allow them to maintain physiologically optimal body temperatures, this research has been limited in context and taxonomic scope.

Low Levels of Fruit Nitrogen as Drivers for the Evolution of Madagascar's Primate Communities.

The uneven representation of frugivorous mammals and birds across tropical regions - high in the New World, low in Madagascar and intermediate in Africa and Asia - represents a long-standing enigma in ecology. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these differences but the ultimate drivers remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that fruits in Madagascar contain insufficient nitrogen to meet primate metabolic requirements, thus constraining the evolution of frugivory.

Defining Research Risk in Standard of Care Trials: Lessons from SUPPORT.

Recent controversy surrounding the Surfactant Positive Airway Pressure and Pulse Oximetry Trial (SUPPORT) and the Office for Human Resource Protection's (OHRP) judgment that its informed consent procedures were inadequate has unmasked considerable confusion about OHRP's definition of research risks. The controversy concerns application of that definition to trials comparing multiple treatments within the existing standard of care. Some have argued that it is impossible for such trials to pose research risks on the grounds that all risks associated with a standard-of-care treatment should instead be considered risks of treatment.