A spatial triage of at-risk conifer forests to support seed collection efforts and sustainable forestry.

At-risk conifer stands growing in hot, arid conditions at low elevations may contain the most climate change-adapted seeds needed for sustainable forestry. This study used a triage framework to identify high-priority survey areas for Pinus ponderosa (Pipo) within a large region, by intersecting an updated range map with a map of seed zones and elevation bands (SZEBs). The framework assesses place-based climate change and potential wildfire risks by rank-order across 740 potential collection units.

Interindividual Variability in Postprandial Plasma Fructose Patterns in Adults.

High fructose consumption is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic disease, and fructose feeding dose-dependently induces markers reflective of poor metabolic health. However, unlike glucose, surprisingly little is known about person-to-person differences in postprandial plasma fructose patterns. Herein, we performed post hoc analyses of two published studies to address this question.

Novel Rickettsia and host records for argasid ticks, including Alveonasus cooleyi, on wild mammals in Baja California, Mexico.

We conducted surveillance of mammals to investigate their associations with argasid ticks and tick-borne pathogens. During 2021, a total of 20 wild carnivores and 57 lagomorphs were sampled, and 39 argasid ticks belonging to two species were collected. All mammals and ticks were tested by molecular assays to detect Borrelia and Rickettsia infections.

Association of Premorbid Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Concussion Recovery in Collegiate Student-Athletes.

Background: Mental health disorders are linked to prolonged concussion symptoms. However, the association of premorbid anxiety/depression symptoms with postconcussion return-to-play timelines and total symptom burden is unclear.

Objective: To examine the association of self-reported premorbid anxiety/depression symptoms in collegiate student-athletes with (1) recovery times until asymptomatic, (2) return-to-play, and (3) postconcussion symptom burden.

Astrobiological Potential of Venus Atmosphere Chemical Anomalies and Other Unexplained Cloud Properties.

Long-standing unexplained Venus atmosphere observations and chemical anomalies point to unknown chemistry but also leave room for the possibility of life. The unexplained observations include several gases out of thermodynamic equilibrium ( tens of ppm O, the possible presence of PH and NH, SO and HO vertical abundance profiles), an unknown composition of large, lower cloud particles, and the "unknown absorber(s)." Here we first review relevant properties of the venusian atmosphere and then describe the atmospheric chemical anomalies and how they motivate future astrobiology missions to Venus.

High resolution lidar data shed light on inter-island translocation of endangered bird species in the Hawaiian Islands.

Translocation, often a management solution reserved for at-risk species, is a highly time-sensitive intervention in the face of a rapidly changing climate. The definition of abiotic and biotic habitat requirements is essential to the selection of appropriate release sites in novel environments. However, field-based approaches to gathering this information are often too time intensive, especially in areas of complex topography where common, coarse-scale climate models lack essential details.

Predicting habitat suitability for Townsend's big-eared bats across California in relation to climate change.

Effective management decisions depend on knowledge of species distribution and habitat use. Maps generated from species distribution models are important in predicting previously unknown occurrences of protected species. However, if populations are seasonally dynamic or locally adapted, failing to consider population level differences could lead to erroneous determinations of occurrence probability and ineffective management.

Bat Use of Hollows in California's Old-Growth Redwood Forests: From DNA to Ecology.

The loss of roosting resources, either through disturbance or removal, negatively affects bats. Identifying sensitive species and determining roost requirements are critical components in conserving their habitat. Cavity-roosting bats on the North Coast of California are known to use hollows in large redwood trees.

Triaged Out of Care: How Carceral Logics Complicate a 'Course of Care' in Solitary Confinement.

Incarceration, along with its most restrictive iteration, solitary confinement, is an increasingly common experience in America. More than two million Americans are currently incarcerated, and at least one-fifth of incarcerated people will experience solitary confinement. Understanding the barriers to care people experience in prison, and especially in solitary confinement, is key to improving their access to care during and after incarceration.

Using Video Modeling to Teach Abduction-Prevention Skills to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Video modeling was used to teach children with autism spectrum disorder how to respond to taped stranger lure scenarios and in-situ stranger lures. A multiple baseline design across participants was used to assess treatment effects. Measures consisted of reported verbal and motor responses to three abduction scenarios and actual responses to stranger lures planted near the children's therapy program and within the children's communities.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction with Co-based catalysts: comparison of DIM, TIM and cyclam ligands.

Over the past century, the global concentration of environmental nitrate has increased significantly from human activity, which has resulted in the contamination of drinking water and aquatic hypoxia around the world, so the development of effective nitrate-reducing agents is urgent. This work compares three potential macrocycle-based nitrate reduction electrocatalysts: [Co(DIM)], [Co(cyclam)] and [Co(TIM)]. Although all three complexes have similar structures, only [Co(DIM)] has been experimentally determined to be an active electrocatalyst for selective nitrate reduction to produce ammonia in water.

Impact of Affect Balance on Cognitive and Physical Function in Adults With and Without Fibromyalgia.

Objective: To identify the potential benefits of heightened levels of affect balance in older adults with and without chronic pain on various cognitive domains, physical performance, and perceived cognitive and physical health.

Method: Ninety-one older adults, some with and some without fibromyalgia (FM) participated. Objective tests included cognitive (immediate and delayed recall, delayed recognition-CERAD 10-item word list) and physical measures (Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale; lower body strength-30-s chair stand; gait velocity-30-ft.

Assessing the Vulnerabilities of Vertebrate Species to Light and Noise Pollution: Expert Surveys Illuminate the Impacts on Specialist Species.

Global expansion of lighting and noise pollution alters how animals receive and interpret environmental cues. However, we lack a cross-taxon understanding of how animal traits influence species vulnerability to this growing phenomenon. This knowledge is needed to improve the design and implementation of policies that mitigate or reduce sensory pollutants.

Control of Competence in Vibrio fischeri.

species, including the squid symbiont , become competent to take up DNA under specific conditions. For example, becomes competent when grown in the presence of chitin oligosaccharides or upon overproduction of the competence regulatory factor TfoX. While little is known about the regulatory pathway(s) that controls competence, this microbe encodes homologs of factors that control competence in the well-studied To further develop as a genetically tractable organism, we evaluated the roles of some of these competence homologs.

Why predict climate hazards if we need to understand impacts? Putting humans back into the drought equation.

Virtually all climate monitoring and forecasting efforts concentrate on hazards rather than on impacts, while the latter are a priority for planning emergency activities and for the evaluation of mitigation strategies. Effective disaster risk management strategies need to consider the prevailing "human terrain" to predict who is at risk and how communities will be affected. There has been little effort to align the spatiotemporal granularity of socioeconomic assessments with the granularity of weather or climate monitoring.

Comparing alternatives to canine rectal thermometry at the axillary, auricular and ocular locations.

Body temperature is an important component in the diagnosis and treatment of disease in canines. The rectal temperature remains the standard of obtaining temperature within the clinical setting, but there are many drawbacks with this method, including time, access, animal stress, and safety concerns. Interest in using infrared thermometry in canines to obtain body temperature has grown as animal scientists and veterinarians search for non-invasive and non-contact methods and locations of obtaining canine temperatures.

Raising Animals Without Antibiotics: U.S. Producer and Veterinarian Experiences and Opinions.

Ensuring the safety, health, and overall well-being of animals raised for food is both an ethical obligation and a critical component of providing safe food products. The use of antibiotics for maintaining animal health has come under scrutiny in recent years due to the rise of antibiotic resistance globally. Some U.

The Reliability and Accuracy of Palpation, Radiography, and Sonography for the Detection of Keel Bone Damage.

Palpation is the most popular method of measuring keel bone damage on live birds, although it has been criticized for being subjective and inaccurate. The goals of this study were to examine intra- and inter-rater reliability when trained with feedback of accuracy, as well as determine the accuracy of portable radiography and sonography. Four evaluators palpated 50 103-week old Lohmann LSL-lite hens immediately following euthanasia.

Effect of a mechanical grooming brush on the behavior and health of recently weaned heifer calves.

Background: Calf stress at weaning and during transition to group pens represents a concern in dairy operations. Favoring natural behaviors, such as grooming, may help on reducing this challenge. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of a mechanical grooming brush on behavior and health of recently weaned calves, after transferring from individual to group housing.

Mutagenesis of Vibrio fischeri and Other Marine Bacteria Using Hyperactive Mini-Tn5 Derivatives.

Mutagenizing bacterial genomes with selectable transposon insertions is an effective approach for identifying the genes underlying important phenotypes. Specific bacteria may require different tools and methods for effective transposon mutagenesis, and here we describe methods to mutagenize Vibrio fischeri using an engineered mini-Tn5 transposon with synthetic "mosaic" transposon ends. The transposon is delivered by conjugation on a plasmid that cannot replicate in V.

Predictors of treatment participation rate of substance use disorders among Whites and African Americans.

Low treatment participation impedes successful treatment completion and reduces treatment effectiveness. This study explored relationships among treatment participation rate and individuals' symptom severities and employment statuses. A sample of 106 individuals with substance use disorders was recruited for cross-sectional investigation.

Elevated insulin levels following 7 days of increased sedentary time are due to lower hepatic extraction and not higher insulin secretion.

Higher insulin following sedentary behavior may be due to increased insulin secretion (IS), decreased hepatic insulin extraction (HIE), or a combination of both. Ten healthy adults completed glucose tolerance tests following 7 days of normal activity and 7 days of increased sitting. There were no differences in IS; however, HIE at 120 min after ingestion (85.

Effect of prebiotic supplementation with stabilized rice bran in milk of pre-weaned organic Holstein calves.

Background: The first month of life possess significant challenges for dairy calves due to high susceptibility to digestive diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of prebiotic supplementation with stabilized rice bran (SRB) in milk on health, immunity, and performance of pre-weaned organic dairy calves. Holstein heifer calves (n = 90) were enrolled at 6 ± 1 days old and monitored for 28 days, from July to August 2017.

Electrical weapons and excited delirium: shocks, stress, and serum serotonin.

It has been suggested that a CEW (conducted electrical weapon) exposure could elicit a stress response that could cause ExDS (excited delirium syndrome). There are some parallels between the signs of ExDS and serotonin syndrome (SS). Electroconvulsive therapy raises serotonin levels and therefore provides a plausible link between CEW applications and elevated serotonin levels.

Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Reclassification of Risk for Incidence of Heart Failure: The Veterans Exercise Testing Study.

Background: It is well established that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is inversely associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. However, little is known regarding the association between CRF and incidence of heart failure (HF).

Methods And Results: Between 1987 and 2014, we assessed CRF in 21 080 HF-free subjects (58.