The Condition of the Meniscus and Cartilage of the Injured Knee on Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is a Prognostic Factor Affecting Postoperative Outcomes Following Knee Cartilage Restoration Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between preoperative whole-joint imaging evaluation of the knee with patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures after cartilage restoration surgery (mosaicplasty, osteochondral allograft transplantation, matrix autologous chondrocyte implantation).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent knee articular cartilage restoration at our institution from 2014 to 2020. The patients' knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated with the Whole-Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) and semiquantitative synovial inflammation imaging biomarkers of the preoperative MRI.

Combined Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction and Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy Has a Lower Risk of Recurrent Instability Requiring Revision Stabilization at 2 Years Than Either Procedure Alone.

Purpose: To use a large nationwide administrative database to directly compare usage, complications, and need for revision stabilization surgery after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPLFR), tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO), and combined MPFLR and TTO (MPFLRTTO).

Methods: The PearlDiver Mariner database was queried for all reported cases of MPLFR, TTO, and combined MPFLRTTO performed between 2010 and 2020 using Current Procedural Terminology codes. Subsets from those cohorts with laterality-specific , , codes for patellar instability were used to evaluate 2-year incidence of infection, stiffness, fracture, and revision stabilization with MPFLR and/or TTO.

Inclusion in neurological research: empowering people living with neurological diseases.

The value of involving people living with diseases in the research process is increasingly recognized by professional associations and regulatory agencies alike. Patient contributions range from disease prevention and diagnosis to medication planning, and from advocacy to guideline production and clinical trial design. Thanks to the efforts of activists and advocates, new models of patient inclusion in medical research are being developed to replace outdated non-participative and tokenistic paradigms.

Evaluation of Spin in Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review.

Background: The regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has sparked interest in their use for knee osteoarthritis. Concurrently, there have been investigations on how data in scientific journals are reported and how they may influence readers' interpretations, or "spin bias." These studies are at risk for bias, given the limited number of patients and inconsistent blinding or controls.

Effects of Early Sport Specialization on Injury Load Management and Athletic Success of National Basketball Association Players.

Background: The effects of early sport specialization on professional athletes' resilience in handling increased workloads and athletic success have not been fully described.

Hypothesis: National Basketball Association (NBA) players who were multisport athletes during high school would be able to withstand higher workloads with lower injury rates and have more athletic success compared with their single-sport peers.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Consensus Recommendations for Studies of Outflow Facility and Intraocular Pressure Regulation Using Ex Vivo Perfusion Approaches.

Intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation is the primary risk factor and currently the main treatable factor for progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. In addition to direct clinical and living animal in vivo studies, ex vivo perfusion of anterior segments and whole eyes is a key technique for studying conventional outflow function as it is responsible for IOP regulation. We present well-tested experimental details, protocols, considerations, advantages, and limitations of several ex vivo model systems for studying IOP regulation.

Sex-Specific Metabolic Effects of Gestational Chronodisruption and Maternal Melatonin Supplementation in Rat Offspring.

Gestational chronodisruption, increasingly common due to irregular light exposure, disrupts maternal-fetal circadian signaling, leading to long-term health issues in offspring. We utilized a chronic photoperiod shifting model (CPS) in pregnant rats to induce chronodisruption and investigated the potential mitigating effects of maternal melatonin supplementation (CPS + Mel). Male and female offspring were evaluated at 3 ages (90, 200, and 400 days of age) for metabolic profiles, hormonal responses, cytokine levels, and adipose tissue activity.

LI-RADS US Surveillance Version 2024 for Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update to the American College of Radiology US LI-RADS.

In 2017, the American College of Radiology introduced the US Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) as a framework for US surveillance of patients at risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. This has aided in the standardization of technique, clinical reporting, patient management, data collection, and research. Emerging evidence has helped inform changes to the algorithm, now released as LI-RADS US Surveillance version 2024.

Early-life menstrual characteristics and gestational diabetes in a large US cohort.

Background: Associations between early-life menstrual cycle characteristics (MCC) and gestational diabetes (GDM) remain unclear.

Objectives: To evaluate associations between early-life MCCs and GDM in first pregnancy, across pregnancies and its recurrence.

Methods: This analysis included participants from a US-based digital cohort enrolled between 11/2019 and 9/2023 who provided consent, completed relevant surveys, were without diabetes and aged ≥18 at first pregnancy (n = 30,473).

Integrated molecular and functional characterization of the intrinsic apoptotic machinery identifies therapeutic vulnerabilities in glioma.

Genomic profiling often fails to predict therapeutic outcomes in cancer. This failure is, in part, due to a myriad of genetic alterations and the plasticity of cancer signaling networks. Functional profiling, which ascertains signaling dynamics, is an alternative method to anticipate drug responses.

Interventional Oncology Meets Immuno-oncology: Combination Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is undergoing transformational changes due to the emergence of various novel immunotherapies and their combination with image-guided locoregional therapies. In this setting, immunotherapy is expected to become one of the standards of care in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings across all disease stages of HCC. Currently, more than 50 ongoing prospective clinical trials are investigating various end points for the combination of immunotherapy with both percutaneous and catheter-directed therapies.

Higher Posterior Tibial Slope and Lower Medial Proximal Tibial Angle of the Knee Are Associated With Delayed Graft Maturation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery With Hamstring Autograft.

Purpose: To relate bone shape with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft maturation, as evaluated by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients aged 18 to 60 years who underwent ACL reconstruction with a hamstring autograft with doubled semitendinosus and gracilis at our institution between 2018 and 2020 with isolated ACL injuries. All patients had a minimum follow-up period of 2 years.

Examining longitudinal associations between initial perceptions and experiences with electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use and use patterns among adults who smoke and recently initiated ENDS.

Introduction: Limited data exist on factors associated with concurrent use patterns of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarettes. We examined longitudinally perceptions and experiences with ENDS in relationship to concurrent use patterns among established, recent smokers who recently initiated ENDS.

Methods: Participant recruitment took place using paid digital advertisements on social media.

Zebrafish Optical Development Requires Regulated Water Permeability by Aquaporin 0.

Purpose: Optical development of the zebrafish eye relies on the movement of the highly refractive lens nucleus from an anterior to a central location in the optical axis during development. We have shown that this mechanism in turn depends on the function of Aquaporin 0a (Aqp0a), a multifunctional and extremely abundant protein in lens fiber cell membranes. Here, we probe the specific cellular functions necessary for rescuing lens nucleus centralization defects in aqp0a-/- null mutants by stable overexpression of an Aqp0 orthologue from a killifish, MIPfun.

Nonclinical Profile of PF-06952229 (MDV6058), a Novel TGFβRI/Activin Like Kinase 5 Inhibitor Supports Clinical Evaluation in Cancer.

The development of transforming growth factor receptor inhibitors (TGFRi) as new medicines has been affected by cardiac valvulopathy and arteriopathy toxicity findings in nonclinical toxicology studies. PF-06952229 (MDV6058) selected using rational drug design is a potent and selective TGFRI inhibitor with a relatively clean off-target selectivity profile and good pharmacokinetic properties across species. PF-06952229 inhibited clinically translatable phospho-SMAD2 biomarker (≥60%) in human and cynomolgus monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as in mouse and rat splenocytes.