Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Hemodialysis: An International, Multicentric Registry.

Background: The net benefit of oral anticoagulation in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis (HD) is uncertain. In recent years, left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) has emerged as an alternative to oral anticoagulation; however, there is scant evidence of LAAC in patients on HD.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of LAAC in patients on HD.

Updates in Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis.

Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been shown to be a safe and effective approach in treating these diseases while carrying lower morbidity than traditional surgical treatments, ERCP has associated risks, with post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) being the most common serious adverse event and carries significant morbidity and health care cost. PEP results from multifactorial factors involving trauma to the pancreatic duct and papilla, leading to subsequent obstruction and impairment of pancreatic drainage. Important risk factors for PEP include history of prior PEP, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, difficult cannulation, pancreatic duct contrast injections, and pancreatic sphincterotomy.

Functional Neuroanatomy of Tics: A Brain Network Perspective.

Tourette syndrome is defined by motor and vocal tics, yet our understanding of the pathophysiology of tics remains limited. Functional MRI (fMRI) can localize brain function related to the clinical phenomenology of tics. Here, we review extant fMRI studies examining brain activity during the premonitory urge, tic release, and tic suppression.

study protocol for a pilot trial of a novel parenting and mental health prevention intervention for migrant mothers with young children at the Mexico-US border.

Introduction: Migrant women in transit face high risk of developing mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, driven by gendered social-structural factors including violence, social isolation, migration uncertainty, limited access to services and gender inequities. Although migrant women who endure such conditions have high need for mental health prevention, few evidence-based interventions are tailored to this population. Moreover, while women and children's mental health are interconnected, few mental health interventions address parenting needs.

Efficacy of the Foodbot Factory digital curriculum-based nutrition education intervention in improving children's nutrition knowledge, attitudes and behaviours in elementary school classrooms: protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Schools are an important setting for supporting children's development of food literacy, but minimal research has assessed which strategies are most suitable for school nutrition education. The Foodbot Factory intervention, consisting of serious game (ie, a digital game designed for education) and curriculum-based lesson plans, was developed to support teachers and children ages 8-12 with nutrition education. Pilot data have demonstrated that Foodbot Factory can significantly improve children's nutrition knowledge, but it has not yet been evaluated in classrooms.

Atomistic Origin of Microsecond Carrier Lifetimes at Perovskite Grain Boundaries: Machine Learning-Assisted Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics.

The polycrystalline nature of perovskites, stemming from their facile solution-based fabrication, leads to a high density of grain boundaries (GBs) and point defects. However, the impact of GBs on perovskite performance remains uncertain, with contradictory statements found in the literature. We developed a machine learning force field, sampled GB structures on a nanosecond time scale, and performed nonadiabatic (NA) molecular dynamics simulations of charge carrier trapping and recombination in stoichiometric and doped GBs.

Arithmetic normalisation models for the effects of lipid on carbon stable isotope values in silver carp () tissue.

Invasive silver carp () threaten Mississippi River basin ecosystems due to their ability to outcompete native species. Stable carbon (δC) and nitrogen (δN) isotope analysis has been used to study how silver carp impact native ecosystems, but lipids in fish tissues commonly bias their δC values. Chemical lipid extraction and mathematical equations that normalise δC values for lipid content can account for this bias, but have not been assessed for silver carp.

Evaluating the Management of Intermittent Claudication before and after Publication of the Society of Vascular Surgery's Appropriate Use Criteria.

Objectives: In April 2022, the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) published the Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for the management of intermittent claudication (IC). Our goal was to compare practice patterns before and after publication of the AUC to identify changes.

Methods: The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) peripheral vascular intervention (PVI), and suprainguinal, and infrainguinal bypass registries were analyzed for interventions for IC.

Household WIC benefit redemption varies by participant and household characteristics in Southern California.

Background: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides benefits redeemable for select healthy foods, aligned with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, to support healthy diets among pregnant and postpartum women, and their children to age 5 years, living in low-income households. WIC benefits are often not fully redeemed, limiting nutritional benefits of participation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the associations of WIC participant, caregiver, and household characteristics with WIC food benefit redemption.

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database: 2024 Update on Outcomes and Research.

The Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database (STS GTSD) remains the largest and most comprehensive audited thoracic surgical database in the world. As the STS GTSD grows to nearly 1 million cases, the pulmonary resection for cancer and esophagectomy short-term risk models have been refined to provide participants with benchmarked performance reports to facilitate quality improvement efforts. New for 2025 will be the development of long-term risk models and the online release of both short- and long-term risk calculators.

Structure and self-association of Arrestin-1.

Arrestins halt cell signaling by binding to phosphorylated activated G protein-coupled receptors. Arrestin-1 binds to rhodopsin, arrestin-4 binds to cone opsins, and arrestins-2,3 bind to the rest of GPCRs. In addition, it has been reported that arrestin-1 is functionally expressed in mouse cone photoreceptors.

Transforming Transplantation Access: A Federal Directive for Comprehensive Pre-Waitlisting Data Collection.

There is substantial variation in access to transplantation across the United States that is not entirely explained by the availability of donor organs. Barriers to transplantation and variation in care among patients with end-stage organ disease exist prior to patients' placement on a transplant waiting list as well as following waitlist placement. However, there are currently no national data available to examine rates and variations in key care processes related to pre-listing, including transplant referral, evaluation, or candidate selection.

National Survey of Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility in United States Veterans.

Introduction: Lung cancer screening is underutilized, especially in rural areas where lung cancer mortality is high. Approximately 11.2% of the United States (US) population over age 50 meet the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2021 lung cancer screening eligibility criteria; the proportion of eligible Veterans is unknown.

Circulating microRNAs and alcohol consumption in the Multiethnic Cohort Study.

Excessive alcohol consumption is a significant public health concern and contributes to liver diseases and cancer. Modifiable lifestyle factors including alcohol consumption can influence circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), which are increasingly used as biomarkers for early disease detection. Yet limited studies have identified miRNAs associated with alcohol intake, particularly in multiethnic populations.

What is the Learning Curve for Endoscopic Spine Surgery? A Comprehensive Systematic Review.

Background Context: Endoscopic spine surgery (ESS) is rapidly emerging as a viable minimally invasive technique to successfully treat symptomatic degenerative spinal conditions. Widespread adoption has been limited in part due to the learning curve.

Purpose: To systematically review the learning curve for uniportal and biportal ESS and compare the two techniques.

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Female Reproductive Aging.

Female reproductive aging often affects women's emotional, physical, and physiological well-being. Ovarian aging is characterized by fluctuations in reproductive hormones and determines the age at which menopause occurs. Understanding potentially modifiable factors that influence this process is essential for addressing health disparities, improving quality of life, and informing relevant public health strategies.

Sequence variants in HECTD1 result in a variable neurodevelopmental disorder.

Dysregulation of genes encoding the homologous to E6AP C-terminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligases has been linked to cancer and structural birth defects. One member of this family, the HECT-domain-containing protein 1 (HECTD1), mediates developmental pathways, including cell signaling, gene expression, and embryogenesis. Through GeneMatcher, we identified 14 unrelated individuals with 15 different variants in HECTD1 (10 missense, 3 frameshift, 1 nonsense, and 1 splicing variant) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and epilepsy.

Extracellular volume expansion drives vertebrate axis elongation.

The vertebrate bauplan is primarily established via the formation of embryonic tissues in a head-to-tail progression. The mechanics of this elongation, which requires the presomitic mesoderm (PSM), remain poorly understood. Here, we find that avian PSM explants can elongate autonomously when physically confined in vitro, producing a pushing force promoting posterior elongation of the embryo.

Significance of TYMS Polymorphism rs3819102 as a Prognostic Marker for Nonsmoking Lung Cancer Patients of the Han Ethnicity in China.

Introduction: With high incidence and mortality rates, lung cancer is now one of the most common cancers in the world. The 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is very low, and predicting the prognosis of lung cancer patients and using it to develop treatment strategies and interventions is important for prolonging the survival time of patients. Folate metabolism involves various aspects such as methylation of DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.