Management Strategies for Immature Teeth with Pulp Necrosis: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews.

Introduction: This review evaluates the effectiveness of treatment modalities for immature teeth with pulp necrosis, focusing on calcium hydroxide (CH) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification, as well as regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs). Recent advancements and clinical outcomes are highlighted.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive search of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and grey literature was conducted from inception to July 2024.

Apical Periodontitis in Vital and Nonvital Teeth: Clinical and Radiographic Features.

Apical periodontitis (AP) is a common inflammatory condition predominantly caused by the response of the immune system to microbial invasion within the root canal system. Contrary to conventional perception, AP may occur in vital teeth with inflamed pulp; adding complexity to diagnosis and treatment. AP, due to its frequent lack of symptoms and reliance on radiographic evaluation for detection, often presents diagnostic challenges.

Outcomes and predictive factors of vital pulp therapy in a large-scale retrospective cohort study over 10 years.

This cohort study evaluated the long-term success/survival of vital pulp therapies (VPTs) after carious pulp exposure in adult teeth. Additionally, factors influencing long-term success were identified. Teeth treated during 2011-2022 in a private clinic were studied with clinical/radiographic follow-ups.

Frequency of spontaneous osteosarcomatous transformation of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia: a systematic review.

Objective: A systematic review was undertaken to examine the spontaneous of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (FD) into osteosarcoma (OS).

Study Design: Five databases were searched, and data were evaluated in 2 subsets: (1) frequency analysis involving only cross-sectional studies that specifically examined patients for osteosarcomatous transformation, thereby allowing a calculation of the frequency of transformation of craniofacial FD, and (2) case analysis of case reports and case series of FD that underwent osteosarcomatous transformation. Quality assessment of the studies in the frequency and case analyses was performed.

Mönckeberg's medial arteriosclerosis in the oral and maxillofacial region: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of medial vascular calcifications in the oral and maxillofacial region and their association with systemic diseases.

Materials And Methods: The study included 211 consecutive patients with systemic diseases (January 2015-May 2016). Medical history and radiographic images were evaluated.

Rhinolith: An incidental radiographic finding.

Rhinoliths are foreign bodies composed of mineralised deposits in the nasal cavity that are rarely encountered in routine dental practice. The current report presents a case of a 77-year-old female patient who visited a dental treatment centre for a routine dental check-up and prophylaxis. On the clinical examination, the patient did not report any breathing difficulty, nasal obstruction, or any form of discharge.

Oroantral communication, its causes, complications, treatments and radiographic features: A pictorial review.

Purpose: An oroantral communication (OAC) is an abnormal space between the maxillary sinus and oral cavity. The causes, complications, treatment, and radiographic features of OAC in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional imaging modalities are discussed.

Materials And Methods: This pictorial review presents a broad spectrum of imaging findings of OAC.

The Digital Clone: Intraoral Scanning, Face Scans and Cone Beam Computed Tomography Integration for Diagnosis and Treatment Planning.

The purpose of this article is to synthesize different technologies that are available for the creation of a virtual patient, "the digital clone" because the data can be used for diagnosis as well as treatment planning. The role of facial scans, 3-dimensional intraoral scans as well as the cone beam computed tomography in the creation of a digital clone is discussed in detail. A step-by-step guide is created for the reader for integration of the intraoral scan data with the cone beam computed tomography Dicom data to create a digital clone.

Radiology of Dental Caries.

Dental caries is a dynamic, preventable, reversible, complex biofilm-mediated, multifactorial disease that involves a series of demineralization/neutrality/remineralization of dental hard tissue in primary and permanent dentition. An imbalance in the continuum with a net demineralization over time results in the initiation of caries lesions. Visual inspection and intraoral radiographs are vital in caries detection, although they are of suboptimal sensitivity for early caries lesions.

How Can Dentists Effectively Manage Behavior, Sedation, and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients?

The problem of treating and healing such patients is complex. Considerations encompass the safety and comfort of the child, the amount and difficulty of treatment needed, the level of the patient's anxiety and whether or not the patient is cooperative, the parent or guardian's attitude and level of trust, and whether or not the patient is physically resistant and, if so, the level of resistance. Other considerations are medicolegal implications, financial implications of treatment, insurance considerations, the dentist's and staff's training and experience, and the availability of sedation or general anesthesia.

Nonvascularized Bone Grafts for Reconstruction of Segmental Mandibular Defects: Is Length of Graft a Factor of Success?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a long-debated question in the field of whether the success of reconstructing mandibular defects with nonvascularized bone grafts (NVBGs) is dependent on the length of the graft.

Materials And Methods: The inclusion criteria were patients who had received NVBGs, such as anterior or posterior iliac crest and costochondral grafts, to reconstruct segmental defects of the mandible between 2008 and 2017 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Case Western Reserve University. Patients with a history of irradiation of the head and neck and patients with inadequate follow-up were excluded from this study.

Delayed diagnosis of a primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma: A case report.

Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignant central jaw tumor derived from odontogenic epithelial remnants. Predominantly, it affects mandible, although both jaw bones may be involved. This report describes a 60-year-old man who was initially misdiagnosed with a periapical infection related to the right lower wisdom tooth.

Radiographic Diagnosis of Fibrous Dysplasia in Maxilla.

Fibrous dysplasia is a rare bone disorder characterized by the replacement of normal bone by abnormal fibrous tissue. Here we present a 16-year-old female with a fibrous dysplasia in the maxilla and obliteration of the sinus in the same side. Cone beam computed tomography scan revealed a mixed radiopacity that extended from the alveolar crest of the right posterior teeth to the right orbital floor in the superior-inferior direction.

Osteoma Cutis and Tonsillolith: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study.

In this study, we report a rare case of osteoma cutis (OC) and tonsillolith, diagnosed using cone beam computed tomography. The dystrophic calcifications in the face and tonsils were incidentally found during examination of the patient's scan with no relation to the main chief complaint. The diagnosis was OC, combined with dystrophic calcification of the tonsils.

An Immature Ten-year Long-standing Case of Ossifying Fibroma.

Ossifying fibroma is a rare benign bone neoplasm common in middle age, with definite female predominance. Here, we describe a case of an ossifying fibroma in a 36-year-old female, with a right facial deformity. The lesion had been present for almost 10 years.

Radiographic Diagnosis of a Central Giant Cell Granuloma Using Advanced Imaging: Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign non-neoplastic, proliferative intraosseous lesion of the jaw with an unknown etiology often diagnosed during the first two decades of life. The true nature of this lesion is controversial and remains elusive. Here, we report a case of central giant cell granuloma, diagnosed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Rare finding of Eustachian tube calcifications with cone-beam computed tomography.

Soft tissue calcification is a pathological condition in which calcium and phosphate salts are deposited in the soft tissue organic matrix. This study presents an unusual calcification noted in the cartilaginous portion of the Eustachian tube. A 67-year-old woman presented for dental treatment, specifically for implant placement, and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Aging.

Mitochondria are the prime source of ATP in cardiomyocytes. Impairment of mitochondrial metabolism results in damage to existing proteins and DNA. Such deleterious effects are part and parcel of the aging process, reducing the ability of cardiomyocytes to counter stress, such as myocardial infarction and consequent reperfusion.

A portable fiber-optic raman spectrometer concept for evaluation of mineral content within enamel tissue.

Background: Measurement of tooth enamel mineralization using a clinically viable method is essential since variation of mineralization may be used to monitor caries risk or in assessing the effectiveness of remineralization therapy. Fiber optic Raman systems are becoming more affordable and popular in context of biomedical applications. However, the applicability of fiber optic Raman systems for measurement of mineral content within enamel tissue has not been elucidated significantly in the prior literature.

Concrescence: Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Imaging Perspective.

Concrescence is a form of twinning, formed by the confluence of cementum of two teeth at the root level. The diagnosis of concrescence has largely relied on the conventional 2D imaging. The 2D imaging has inherent limitations such as distortion and superimposition.

Evaluation of canalis basilaris medianus using cone-beam computed tomography.

The aim of this report is to present two cases of canalis basilaris medianus as identified on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the base of the skull. The CBCT data sets were sent for radiographic consultation. In both cases, multi-planar views revealed an osseous defect in the base of the skull in the clivus region, the sagittal view showed a unilateral, well-defined, non-corticated, track-like low-attenuation osseous defect in the clivus.

Maxillofacial fibrous dysplasia: a diagnostic challenge.

A 30-year-old woman presented for orthodontic treatment, with a chief symptom of a 'shifting bite' and concurrent facial asymmetry with aesthetic concerns. The patient had previously received treatment from several general dentists and several specialists, without accurate diagnosis. Radiological investigation coupled with biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia.