The Current and Future Burden of Long COVID in the United States (U.S.).

Background: Long COVID, which affects an estimated 44.69-48.04 million people in the U.

Navigating payment and policy barriers to gender-affirming care for transmasculine individuals: A qualitative study and policy assessment.

Over the past decade, access to and insurance coverage for gender-affirming medical and surgical treatment for transgender (trans) individuals in the U.S. has improved.

A Systematic Review of Evaluated Labor Market Initiatives Addressing Precarious Employment: Findings and Public Health Implications.

Precarious employment (PE) is a major determinant of population health and contributor to health and social inequities. The purpose of this article is to synthesize and critically appraise available evidence on labor market initiatives addressing PE identified through a systematic review. Of the 21 initiatives reviewed, grouped into four categories-labor market policies, legislation, and reforms; union strategies; apprenticeships and other youth programs; social protection programs-10 showed consistently positive outcomes and 11 a combination of negative, mixed, or inconclusive outcomes.

PrEP Use in a US National Sample of Trans Men and Other Transmasculine People Who Have Sex With Men: A Longitudinal Analysis.

Introduction: Efforts to improve pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among gay men, transgender women, and Black cisgender women are evident across the United States, responding to epidemiologic data showing a disproportionate HIV burden in these communities. However, transgender men and other transmasculine people who have sex with men (TMSM)-those assigned female at birth who identify otherwise and have sex with cisgender men-are often excluded from these statistics. This community has unique vulnerabilities and prevention needs.

Global Epidemiology of Alcohol-Related Liver Disease, Liver Cancer, and Alcohol Use Disorder, 2000-2021.

Background/aims: Alcohol represents a leading burden of disease worldwide, including alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). We aim to assess the global burden of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-attributable primary liver cancer between 2000-2021.

Methods: We registered the global and regional trends of AUD, ALD, and alcohol-related liver cancer using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 Study, the largest and most up-to-date global epidemiology database.

Stratifying Risk for Cognitive Decline in Older Adult Populations using the Geriatric Depression Scale.

Objectives: Late-life psychological symptoms in older adults such as depression and apathy have been increasingly associated with increased risk of cognitive and functional decline. The goal of this study was to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), pooling 3 unique cohorts of older adults to 1) develop a novel measurement model that distinguishes apathy from other domains of depression including dysphoria and cognitive concern and 2) evaluate if the measurement model distinguishes older adult populations with varied risk for cognitive decline.

Methods: We pooled the baseline waves of three older adult cohorts (N=1421).

Development of posttransplant diabetes mellitus in US recipients of liver transplant is influenced by OPTN region.

Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in liver transplant recipients (LTRs). We used the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) database to compare the incidence of developing PTDM across the United States and develop a risk prediction model for new-onset PTDM using OPTN region as well as donor-related, recipient-related, and transplant-related factors. All US adult, primary, deceased donor, LTRs between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2016, with no prior history of diabetes noted, were identified.

Access and coverage of malaria services in Haiti in the context of elimination: a scoping review of the literature.

Introduction: Haiti is on the verge of possibly eliminating malaria, an endemic parasitic infection primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum on the island of Hispaniola. Owing to its associated morbidity and mortality, malaria is a leading public health priority in Haiti. This scoping review aims to identify the scope of research on access and coverage of malaria surveillance, diagnosis, and treatment in Haiti in the elimination setting.

Understanding deep disadvantage at the end of life: A nationwide analysis of unclaimed deaths.

Objectives: To describe unclaimed deaths nationwide and to examine contextual factors associated with higher rates of these types of interments.

Methods: Unclaimed death records from 2009 to 2021 were collected by a combination of direct outreach and obtaining data from publicly available websites. Data were summarized by county-year and linked to American Community Survey demographic variables, as well as markers of social isolation and economic disadvantage.

Interdisciplinary perspectives on the co-management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and coronary artery disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a public health threat as it affects approximately 38% of the adult population worldwide, with its prevalence rising in step with that of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Beyond the implications of MASLD for liver health, it is also associated with cardiovascular and vascular dysfunction. Although the many shared risk factors and common metabolic milieu might indicate that cardiovascular disease and MASLD are discrete outcomes from common systemic pathogeneses, a growing body of evidence has identified a potential causal relationship between MASLD and coronary artery disease, which is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with MASLD and all-cause mortality worldwide.

Cost-effectiveness of a Low-cost Educational Messaging and Prescription-fill Reminder Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence Among Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disability and Hypertension.

Background: Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) have a similar prevalence of hypertension as the general population, but a higher rate of medication nonadherence at 50% compared with the average of 30%.

Objectives: To assess the cost-effectiveness of educational messaging and prescription-fill reminders to adults with IDD and hypertension and their helpers among Medicaid members in a randomized control trial.

Research Design: The authors calculated net cost savings by subtracting per-participant intervention costs from differences in spending between preintervention/postintervention cases versus controls.

User-centered design and development of a web-based tool to support healthy feeding practices by parents of urban minority youth at risk for childhood obesity.

Objectives: Technology, mobile health (mHealth), and "eHealth" are broadly used in childhood overweight and obesity interventions. However, the impact of technology-based interventions where parents or caregivers are involved is unclear. Thus, the objective of this manuscript is to provide valuable insights about the development of a parent-child web-based tool to promote healthy eating among preadolescents.

Characterizing Event-Driven PrEP Use and Investigating its Association with Experiences of PrEP-Related Barriers Among a US National Sample of PrEP Users.

After a decade of implementation in the US, PrEP uptake remains underutilized by communities that would greatly benefit from it. Event-Driven (ED) PrEP is a potential avenue to increase uptake, however very little is known about its use in the US. We analyzed data derived from Together 5000, an internet-based U.

Will a Programmatic Framework Integrating Food Is Medicine Achieve Value on Investment?

Diet-related chronic diseases account for seven out of the ten leading causes of death in the USA. Food is Medicine (FIM) interventions can be effective adjuncts to standard medical care to address this cost burden. While the Food is Medicine Pyramid recommends some culinary skill development when integrating FIM into healthcare, the emphasis is on medically tailored meals and food provision.

Corporate activities that influence population health: a scoping review and qualitative synthesis to develop the HEALTH-CORP typology.

Introduction: The concept of the commercial determinants of health (CDH) is used to study the actions of commercial entities and the political and economic systems, structures, and norms that enable these actions and ultimately influence population health and health inequity. The aim of this study was to develop a typology that describes the diverse set of activities through which commercial entities influence population health and health equity across industries.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review to identify articles using CDH terms (n = 116) published prior to September 13, 2022 that discuss corporate activities that can influence population health and health equity across 16 industries.

HIV Outcomes Among Women Living With HIV Who Experienced Early Sexual Violence Across Four Sub-Saharan African Countries.

Background: Early experiences of sexual violence may influence HIV care and treatment outcomes among women living with HIV (WLHIV). We examined whether self-report by WLHIV of being forced into their first sexual experience was associated with awareness of HIV-positive status, being on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and being virologically suppressed.

Setting: We conducted a secondary analysis using nationally representative, cross-sectional Population-based HIV Impact Assessment surveys from Lesotho, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe conducted from 2015 through 2017.

Using the Health Belief Model to Understand Why Making Oral HIV Self-Testing Available to Truck Drivers in Kenya Had Little Impact on Six-Month Testing.

Research has found that offering HIV self-testing (HIVST) to truckers in Kenya increased testing rates at baseline but not over 6-month follow-up. We explored possible explanations based on the Health Belief Model by assessing HIV risk perception, self-efficacy, and fatalism as possible effect modifiers of the impact of offering HIVST (intervention n = 150) versus standard of care (SOC n = 155) on 6-month testing on the multiplicative and additive scales using log binomial and linear binomial regression and stratifying on significant modifiers. We found significant interaction between the intervention and fatalism on both the multiplicative (p = 0.