High Sensitivity of Fine-Needle Aspiration Calcitonin in Detecting Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Independent of Predefined Decisional Thresholds.

The measurement of Calcitonin (Ctn) in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) washout fluids (FNA-Ctn) has demonstrated excellent sensitivity, significantly higher than FNA cytology, in detecting medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). However, the absence of a fixed cutoff value for FNA-Ctn poses a limitation. This study aimed to investigate whether the sensitivity of FNA-Ctn in detecting MTC varies with different cutoffs reported in the literature.

Clinical management of indeterminate thyroid nodules needs to be revisited. New evidence for a personalized approach to the problem.

Purpose: Thyroid nodules diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as TIR3A or Class III subgroup "other types of atypia" (indeterminate thyroid nodules - ITNs), are the only ones without a unique clinical action indicated for management. This leads to multiple FNAC repetitions (FNAC-reps) and lifelong follow-up, with huge consumption of time and resources. The aims of the study were to inquire the usefulness of repeating FNAC in ITNs and perform an evaluation of a long-term follow-up of a large cohort of ITNs.

Effectiveness of autologous mononuclear cells as adjuvant therapy in patients with ischaemic diabetic foot ulcers receiving indirect lower limb revascularization.

Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) therapy for patients with ischaemic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) treated through indirect revascularization.

Methods: The study is a prospective non-controlled observational study including patients with neuro-ischaemic DFUs who received indirect peripheral revascularization and showed a persistence of wound ischaemia defined by the absence of angiographic collateral vessels and TcPO2 values < 30 mmHg in the wound angiosome area. All patients received 3 cycles of PB-MNCs therapy administered along the wound related artery based on the angiosome theory.

Thyroid Hormone Resistance: A 17-Year Follow-up Case Report.

Background: Resistance to thyroid hormone is a rare syndrome characterized by peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones. It is caused by genetic dysfunction of thyroid receptor genes, with Thyroid hormone Receptor-beta (TRβ) being the most prevalent. Affected patients show high thyroid hormone levels and non-suppressed Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH).

Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis in Patients with and without Peripheral Arterial Disease: Two Different Diseases?

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO), comparing subjects with and without peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The study is a prospective study including a population of patients affected by a DFO located in the forefoot. All patients were managed by a surgical conservative approach defined by the removal of the infected bone, in association with the antibiotic therapy.

The Appropriateness of Footwear in Diabetic Patients Observed during a Podiatric Examination: A Prospective Observational Study.

Adequate compliance with wearing therapeutic footwear (TF) to prevent diabetic foot ulcers is known to be low. The primary aim of this study was to identify population awareness about the ulceration and/or recurrence risk according to footwear choice. The secondary aim was to evaluate the compliance level in footwear choice based on a patient's own risk.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma: ≤ 10 mm does not always mean pN0. A multicentric real-world study.

The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is increasing and PTC ≤ 10 mm (PTMC) accounts for most new diagnoses. PTMCs are not always low risk, as detection of lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) may occur. The purpose of the study was to analyze the clinical pattern, frequency, and independent risk factors of patients with PTMC and LNM.

Diabetic Polyneuropathy and Physical Activity in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The purpose of this study is to access whether a personal attitude to physical activity (PA) may influence the appearance of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) patients with well-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Ninety patients attending the diabetes technology outpatient clinic were enrolled. DPN was investigated according to the Toronto consensus diagnostic criteria.

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: A New Frontier in the Management of Patients with Diabetes and No-Option Critical Limb Ischaemia.

The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PB-MNC) therapy as adjuvant treatment for patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and no-option critical limb ischaemia (NO-CLI). The study is a prospective, noncontrolled, observational study including patients with neuro-ischaemic DFUs and NO-CLI who had unsuccessful revascularization below the ankle (BTA) and persistence of foot ischaemia defined by TcPO2 values less than 30 mmHg. All patients received three cycles of PB-MNC therapy administered through a "" in the affected foot along the wound-related artery according to the angiosome theory.

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Papillopathy due to Hormonal Changes during Pregnancy.

Background: The underlying mechanisms of papilledema associated with intracranial hypertension remain unclear. A case of bilateral papillary edema in a patient with chronic idiopathic intracranial hypertension who was asymptomatic during her two pregnancies is reported. .

A multidisciplinary team reduces in-hospital clinical complications and mortality in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.

Aims: The current study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary diabetic foot team (MDFT) in the management of in-patients affected by diabetic foot problems.

Materials And Methods: The study was a retrospective observational study. Consecutive patients with a diabetic foot problem requiring hospitalisation were included.

Prolonged clinical remission of type 1 diabetes sustained by calcifediol and low-dose basal insulin: a case report.

Herein, we describe an unusually prolonged duration (31 months) of the clinical remission phase in a 22-year-old Italian man with new-onset type 1 diabetes. Shortly after the disease diagnosis, the patient was treated with calcifediol (also known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 or calcidiol), coupled with low-dose basal insulin, to correct hypovitaminosis D and to exploit the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D. During the follow-up period, the patient retained a substantial residual β-cell function and remained within the clinical remission phase, as evidenced by an insulin dose-adjusted glycated hemoglobin value <9.

Results of a prospective observational study of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cell therapy for no-option critical limb-threatening ischemia and severe diabetic foot ulcers.

Background: Cell therapy with autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PB-MNCs) may help restore limb perfusion in patients with diabetes mellitus and critical limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) deemed not eligible for revascularization procedures and consequently at risk for major amputation (no-option). Fundamental is to establish its clinical value and to identify candidates with a greater benefit over time. Assessing the frequency of PB circulating angiogenic cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs) may help in guiding candidate selection.

BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Does Not Impact the Honeymoon Phase in Type 1 Diabetes: A Case Report.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D), which is caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells, represents a high-risk category requiring COVID-19 vaccine prioritization. Although COVID-19 vaccination can lead to transient hyperglycemia (vaccination-induced hyperglycemia; ViHG), its influence on the course of the clinical remission phase of T1D (a.k.

Below-the-ankle arterial disease: a new marker of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes and foot ulcers.

Aim: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the association between below-the-ankle (BTA) arterial disease and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Methods: The study group was composed of patients with an active neuro-ischaemic DFUs managed in a tertiary care diabetic foot clinic. All patients received a pre-set limb salvage protocol including lower limb revascularization.

Reply to Berk et al. Comment on "Moriconi et al. Very-Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet as a Safe and Valuable Tool for Long-Term Glycemic Management in Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. 2021, , 758".

We thank the authors of the comment [...

Neuropathic Pain and Ultrasonography: A Multiperspective Literature Evaluation.

Among the tools useful for the management of neuropathic pain, ultrasound presents several advantages, shown by the literature. We assessed the scientific production about neuropathic pain and ultrasound from different points of view: general topics, journal categories, geographical origin and lexical analysis. We searched papers on PubMed using the Medical Subject Headings "neuropathic pain" AND "ultrasound".

Pedunculopontine tegmental Nucleus-evoked prepulse inhibition of the blink reflex in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: To investigate the effects on the blink reflex (BR) of single stimuli applied to the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg).

Methods: The BR was evoked by stimulating the supraorbital nerve (SON) in fifteen patients suffering from idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) who had electrodes monolaterally or bilaterally implanted in the PPTg for deep brain stimulation (DBS). Single stimuli were delivered to the PPTg through externalized electrode connection wires 3-4 days following PPTg implantation.

Combination of vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) as an immunomodulation therapy for autoimmune diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) represent the most common types of autoimmune diabetes and are characterized by different age of onset, degrees of immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and rates of disease progression towards insulin dependence. Several immunotherapies aimed to counteract autoimmune responses against beta cells and preserve beta-cell function are currently being investigated, particularly in T1D. Preliminary findings suggest a potential role of combination therapy with vitamin D and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (VIDPP-4i) in preserving beta-cell function in autoimmune diabetes.