Clearance of p21 highly expressing senescent cells accelerates cutaneous wound healing.

While senescent cells have detrimental roles in several contexts, they are highly heterogeneous. p16 highly expressing senescent cells have been reported to exert beneficial functions in wound healing. Here we use Xenium spatial transcriptomics to identify a distinct p21 highly expressing senescent population induced on wounding, with a pro-inflammatory profile.

CT/MRI LI-RADS 2024 Update: Treatment Response Assessment.

With the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, there has been increasing use of local-regional therapy (LRT) to downstage or bridge to transplant, for definitive treatment, and for palliation. The CT/MRI Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) Treatment Response Assessment (TRA) algorithm provides guidance for step-by-step tumor assessment after LRT and standardized reporting. Current evidence suggests that the algorithm performs well in the assessment of tumor response to arterial embolic and loco-ablative therapies and fair when assessing response to radiation-based therapies, with limited data to validate the latter.

Association of Changes in Cerebral and Hypothalamic Structure With Sleep Dysfunction in Patients With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Sleep dysfunction is common in patients with neurodegenerative disorders; however, its neural underpinnings remain poorly characterized in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Hypothalamic nuclei important for sleep regulation may be related to this dysfunction. Thus, we examined changes in hypothalamic structure across the lifespan in patients with genetic FTD and whether these changes related to sleep dysfunction.

Association of Initial Side of Brain Atrophy With Clinical Features and Disease Progression in Patients With Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Pathogenic variants in the gene cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD-) with marked brain asymmetry. This study aims to assess whether the disease progression of FTD- depends on the initial side of the atrophy. We also investigated the potential use of brain asymmetry as a biomarker of the disease.

Care Quality and Outcomes of Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Premorbid Dementia: Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Registry.

Background: Patients with premorbid dementia have been generally excluded from trials of stroke therapies, and their dementia diagnosis may affect the care received. There are few data on the quality of stroke care and outcomes in these patients.

Methods: We compared the quality of care and outcomes for acute ischemic stroke patients with versus without premorbid dementia using national data from the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke registry between July 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021.

A quantitative model using multi-parameters in dual-energy CT to preoperatively predict serosal invasion in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Objectives: To develop and validate a quantitative model for predicting serosal invasion based on multi-parameters in preoperative dual-energy CT (DECT).

Materials And Methods: A total of 342 LAGC patients who underwent gastrectomy and DECT from six centers were divided into one training cohort (TC), and two validation cohorts (VCs). Dual-phase enhanced DECT-derived iodine concentration (IC), water concentration, and monochromatic attenuation of lesions, along with clinical information, were measured and collected.

A Nomogram for the Prediction of Invasiveness in Invasive Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma on the Basis of Multimodal PET/CT Parameters.

Objective: We investigated the value of PET/CT-based multimodal parameters in predicting the degree of differentiation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in invasive lung adenocarcinoma (ILA) and assessed the correlation between PET/CT-based multimodal parameters and Ki67.

Methods: We retrospectively collected 113 patients with ILA who underwent PET/CT examination, and differences in PET/CT multimodal parameters between different differentiation groups were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was used to establish a multiparameter model for predicting EGFR mutation, and ROC curve was used to compare the diagnostic efficiency.

Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Amyloid Beta Peptide Mediated Upregulation of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 in Alzheimer Disease.

Amyloid (A) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles are widely considered the primary pathological hallmarks of familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, cerebrovascular inflammation, which is prevalent in 70% of AD patients, is emerging as another core feature of AD pathology. In our current work, we investigated the hypothesis that A42 exposure drives an increase in vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression, a cerebrovascular inflammatory marker expressed on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) endothelium in humans and murine models.

Risk of Infection in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes With Relaxed Glycemic Control.

Objective: To compare the risk of hospitalization for infection among patients who achieve intensive versus relaxed glycemic control.

Research Design And Methods: This retrospective cohort study included adults age ≥65 years with type 2 diabetes from an integrated health care delivery system. Negative binomial models were used to estimate incidence rates and relative risk (RR) of hospitalization for infections (respiratory; genitourinary; skin, soft tissue, and bone; and sepsis), comparing two levels of relaxed (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] 7% to <8% and 8% to <9%) with intensive (HbA1c 6% to <7%) glycemic control from 1 January 2019 to 1 March 2020.

Twenty Years of Sustained Improvement in Quality of Care and Outcomes for Patients Hospitalized With Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack: Data From The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke Program.

Background: The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program is a quality improvement initiative designed to enhance adherence to evidence-based stroke care. Since its inception in 2003, over 2800 hospitals in the United States have participated in the program.

Methods: We examined patient characteristics, adherence to performance measures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients hospitalized for acute ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and transient ischemic attack in The Get With The Guidelines-Stroke hospitals from 2003 through 2022.

Shear-Sensing by C-Reactive Protein: Linking Aortic Stenosis and Inflammation.

Background: CRP (C-reactive protein) is a prototypical acute phase reactant. Upon dissociation of the pentameric isoform (pCRP [pentameric CRP]) into its monomeric subunits (mCRP [monomeric CRP]), it exhibits prothrombotic and proinflammatory activity. Pathophysiological shear rates as observed in aortic valve stenosis (AS) can influence protein conformation and function as observed with vWF (von Willebrand factor).

Mapping extrachromosomal DNA amplifications during cancer progression.

To understand the role of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) amplifications in cancer progression, we detected and classified focal amplifications in 8,060 newly diagnosed primary cancers, untreated metastases and heavily pretreated tumors. The ecDNAs were detected at significantly higher frequency in untreated metastatic and pretreated tumors compared to newly diagnosed cancers. Tumors from chemotherapy-pretreated patients showed significantly higher ecDNA frequency compared to untreated cancers.

Real-world healthcare resource utilization, costs, and predictors of relapse among US patients with incident schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder present burdens to patients and health systems through elevated healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs. However, there is a paucity of evidence describing these burdens across payor types. To identify unmet needs, this study characterized patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder by payor type.

Geometric Changes in Mitral Valve Apparatus during Long-term Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy as Assessed with Cardiac CT.

Purpose To assess long-term geometric changes of the mitral valve apparatus using cardiac CT in individuals who underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Materials and Methods Participants from a randomized controlled trial with cardiac CT examinations before CRT implantation and at 6 months follow-up (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01323686) were invited to undergo an additional long-term follow-up cardiac CT examination.

Endothelial TGF-β Signaling Regulates Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition During Arteriovenous Fistula Remodeling in Mice With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with endothelial injury, impaired AVF maturation, and reduced patency, as well as utilization. Because CKD is characterized by multiple pathophysiological processes that induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), we hypothesized that CKD promotes EndMT during venous remodeling and that disruption of endothelial TGF (transforming growth factor)-β signaling inhibits EndMT to prevent AVF failure even in the end-stage kidney disease environment.