Feasibility of very low iodine dose aortoiliac CT angiography using dual-source photon-counting detector CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of aortoiliac CT-Angiography (CTA) using dual-source photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT with minimal iodine dose.

Methods: This IRB-approved, single-center prospective study enrolled patients with indications for aortoiliac CTA from December 2022 to March 2023. All scans were performed using a first-generation dual-source PCD-CT.

Impact of intravenous CT contrast agents on internal calibration techniques to determine trabecular BMD of the lumbar spine.

Objectives: Contrast agents are frequently administered in computed tomography (CT) scans used for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis. The objective of this study is to compare the impact of contrast-related bone mineral density (BMD) increase between phantom-based and internal CT calibration techniques.

Materials And Methods: Phantom-based and internal CT calibration techniques were used to determine trabecular BMD in 93 existing clinical CT scans of the lumbar spine of 34 subjects, scanned before and after administration of contrast agents.

Feasibility of on-site CT-FFR analysis on cardiac photon-counting CT in evaluation of hemodynamically significant stenosis in comparison to invasive catheter angiography.

Objectives: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is an excellent tool in ruling out coronary artery disease (CAD) but tends to overestimate especially highly calcified plaques. To reduce diagnostic invasive catheter angiographies (ICA), current guidelines recommend CT-FFR to determine the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis. Photon-Counting Detector CT (PCCT) revolutionized CCTA and may improve CT-FFR analysis in guiding patients.

[F]FDG PET/CT versus Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced CT for the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary Nodule: A Head-to-Head comparative Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This head-to-head comparative meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and dynamic contrast-enhanced CT(DCE-CT) for the differentiation between malignant and benign pulmonary nodules.

Methods: An extensive search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify available publications up to March 23, 2024. Studies were included if they evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of [F]FDG PET/CT and DCE-CT for the characterization of pulmonary nodules.

Designing and clinical application of a 3D-printed personalized model of a radiofrequency needle guide with a maxillary fixator for puncture of the gasserian ganglion for trigeminal neuralgia treatment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to present a newly designed 3D-printed personalized model (3D PPM) of a radiofrequency needle guide with a maxillary fixation for gasserian ganglion (GG) puncture.

Methods: Implementation of 3D CT-guided radiofrequency therapy of the GG with and without use of 3D PPM was analyzed. The following parameters were assessed: radiation time, dose area product, air kerma reference point, pain severity during the puncture needle insertion, prosopalgia regression degree (according to visual analog scale) and the severity of facial numbness (according to the Barrow Neurological Institute scale) in the early postoperative period, and postpuncture complications.

Spreading depolarization triggers pro- and anti-inflammatory signalling: a potential link to headache.

Cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), the neurophysiological event believed to underlie aura, may trigger migraine headaches through inflammatory signaling that originates in neurons and spreads to the meninges via astrocytes. Increasing evidence from studies on rodents and migraine patients supports this hypothesis. The transition from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory mechanisms is crucial for resolving inflammation.

Characterizing Cardiac Adipose Tissue in Post-AMI Patients via CT Imaging: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study.

Aims: To identify differences in CT-derived perivascular (PVAT) and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) characteristics that may indicate inflammatory status differences between post-treatment acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Methods And Results: A cohort of 205 post-AMI patients (age 59.8±9.

At what cycle threshold level are dogs able to detect SARS-CoV-2 in humans?

Dogs can discriminate between people infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those uninfected, although their results vary depending on the settings in which they are exposed to infected individuals or samples of urine, sweat or saliva. This variability likely depends on the viral load of infected people, which may be closely associated with physiological changes in infected patients. Determining this viral load is challenging, and a practical approach is to use the cycle threshold (Ct) value of a RT-qPCR test.

Outcomes of Triceps Surae Lengthening Surgery in Children With Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease: A Multisite Investigation.

Background: Orthopaedic surgical intervention in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) often includes triceps surae lengthening (TSL) and foot procedures to address instability and pain due to equinus and cavovarus deformities. These surgeries may unmask underlying weakness in this progressive disease causing increased calcaneal pitch and excessive dorsiflexion in terminal stance leading to crouch. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in ankle function during gait following TSL surgery in children with CMT.

The Coexistence of Carotico-Clinoid Foramen and Interclinoidal Osseous Bridge: An Anatomo-Radiological Study With Surgical Implications.

Background And Objectives: The coexistence of complete carotico-clinoid bridge (CCB), an ossification between the anterior (ACP) and the middle clinoid (MCP), and an interclinoidal osseous bridge (ICB), between the ACP and the posterior clinoid (PCP), represents an uncommonly reported anatomic variant. If not adequately recognized, osseous bridges may complicate open or endoscopic surgery, along with the pneumatization of the ACP, especially when performing anterior or middle clinoidectomies.

Methods: According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews guidelines, a systematic scoping review was conducted up to June 5, 2023.

A novel efficient data storage and data auditing in cloud environment using enhanced child drawing development optimization strategy.

The optimization on the cloud-based data structures is carried out using Adaptive Level and Skill Rate-based Child Drawing Development Optimization algorithm (ALSR-CDDO). Also, the overall cost required in computing and communicating is reduced by optimally selecting these data structures by the ALSR-CDDO algorithm. The storage of the data in the cloud platform is performed using the Divide and Conquer Table (D&CT).

Incomplete Ascertainment of Mortality in a Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study of Community-Living Older Americans.

Background: In longitudinal studies of older persons, complete ascertainment of mortality is needed to minimize potential biases. To ascertain mortality in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), investigators are advised to use its Sensitive files, which include month and year of death on most decedents who had not dropped out of the study. Because losses to follow-up are not insubstantial, ascertainment of mortality is likely incomplete.

Clinical and Imaging Pulmonary Manifestations in IgG4-Related Disease.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to describe the frequency of pleuropulmonary computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics between patients with and without pleuropulmonary involvement in chest CT.

Methods: This is a study conducted within the IgG4-RD study group of the Argentine Society of Rheumatology (GESAR IgG4) cohort of patients with IgG4-RD. Member centers of the group were requested to submit pulmonary CT scans of the patients.

Predictors of Venous Thromboembolism Following Geriatric Distal Femur Fracture Fixation: Are These Patients at Higher Risk Compared With Hip Fracture Patients?

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) following injury and subsequent fixation of a distal femur fracture (DFFx) is associated with considerable morbidity. However, the incidence of VTE, associated factors, and the relative risk compared with hip fracture (HFx) fixation remains poorly characterized.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the PearlDiver M165 database to identify geriatric patients who underwent DFFx and HFx fixation.

Breaking boundaries: A rare case of glioblastoma with uncommon extraneural metastases: A case report and literature review.

Introduction: Extraneural metastases (ENM) from glioblastoma (GBM) remain extremely rare with only a scarce number of cases described in the literature. The lack of cases leads to no consensus on the optimal treatment and follow-up of these patients.

Research Question: Do patient or tumor characteristics describe risk factors for ENM in GBM patients, and is it possible to identify mechanisms of action?

Material And Methods: This study presents a 55-year-old man with diagnosed GBM who was referred to a CT due to reduced general condition and mild back pain which revealed extensive systemic metastases.

Bone-derived nanoparticles (BNPs) enhance osteogenic differentiation Notch signaling.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based bone tissue regeneration has gained significant attention due to the excellent differentiation capacity and immunomodulatory activity of MSCs. Enhancing osteogenesis regulation is crucial for improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSC-based regeneration. By utilizing the regenerative capacity of bone ECM and the functionality of nanoparticles, we recently engineered bone-based nanoparticles (BNPs) from decellularized porcine bones.

Radiological findings on computed tomography examinations of adult patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.

Objective: To identify and analyze the main findings on computed tomography (CT) scans ordered in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.

Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted through analysis of CT scans of the head, chest, and abdomen of all patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital over a period of four months.

Results: Among a sample of 331 patients, pathological radiological findings were observed in 59.

Pigmented Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Nipple-Areola Complex: A Case Report.

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin malignancy, accounting for approximately 80% of all non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is a significant risk factor for BCC development, which typically occurs in sun-exposed areas. BCC arising in non-sun-exposed regions, such as the nipple-areola complex (NAC), is exceedingly rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported globally.

Giant pulmonary vein aneurysm.

We report a case of a 14-year-old girl with complex congenital heart disease where computed tomography (CT) angiography demonstrated a giant aneurysm of the right inferior pulmonary vein, in the absence of any downstream obstruction. The case highlights the developmental aspects of this rare anomaly in addition to the role of CT angiography in anatomical depiction of structures which are difficult to visualize on transthoracic echocardiography.

Double left brachiocephalic vein in a paediatric patient with CHD: a case report.

Anomalous brachiocephalic vein (ABCV) is a rare entity of head and neck venous channel variations and malformations. Amongst the five subtypes of ABVC, double left brachiocephalic vein (DLBCV) is the rarest. We present the case of a 1-year-11-month-old syndromic child, who had global developmental delay (GDD) with Sprengel deformity and failure to thrive (suspected Klippel Feil phenotype), who presented to us for the cardiac evaluation.

Computed tomography dataset virtual dissection for sternal re-entry in congenital cardiac surgery.

Unlabelled: In congenital heart surgery, redo-sternotomies are very common. In most cases, sternal re-entry is achieved without serious complications. However, sometimes elective institution of peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass is needed for safe sternotomy, albeit with a long cardio-pulmonary bypass time.

Coronoid height index: a reliable and reproducible technique for quantifying coronoid bone loss in elbow instability.

Background: Coronoid fracture size is one important factor in decision-making on surgical vs. nonsurgical management. There is currently no reliable, standardized technique to measure coronoid fracture size or bone loss.

Extracavitary Cardiac Calcific Amorphous Tumors Compressing Biventricular Outflow Tracts.

Extracavitary cardiac calcific amorphous tumors/masses are extremely rare. We present a case report of a 62-year-old man with end-stage renal disease who presented with extracavitary cardiac calcific amorphous tumors/masses compressing the biventricular outflow tracts, resulting in hemodynamic compromise and progressive limitation of activities. The patient was successfully treated with surgery, with complete resolution of symptoms and markedly improved quality of life.