Structure-Activity Relationship Studies on VEGFR2 Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Identification of Potential Natural Anticancer Compounds.

Background: Over-expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFRs) leads to the hyperactivation of oncogenes. For inhibition of this hyperactivation, the USA Food Drug Administration (FDA) has approved many drugs that show adverse effects, such as hypertension, hypothyroidism, etc. There is a need to discover potent natural compounds that show minimal side effects.

An Update on Pharmacological and Phytochemical Aspects of D. Don - A Promising Anti-diabetic Plant.

Background: The genus Costus is the largest genus in the family Costaceae and encompasses about 150 known species. Among these, D. Don (Synonym: ) is a traditional medicinal herb used to treat diabetes and other ailments.

Protective effect of Achyranthes aspera against compound 48/80, histamine and ovalbumin-induced allergic disorders in murine model.

Background: Achyranthes aspera L. (family Amaranthaceae) is a plant species valued in Ayurveda for the treatment of respiratory ailments. Scientific validation of its antiallergic potential was aimed.

Neuroinflammation and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Potentials of a Spiroketal-Enol Ether Polyyne Isolated from Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC.

Artemisia pallens Wall. ex DC (Asteraceae) is cultivated for the production of high-value essential oil from its aerial biomass. In this study, the chemical composition of the root (crop-residue) essential oil was investigated for the first time, using column-chromatography, GC-FID, GC-MS, LC-QTOF, and NMR techniques, which led to the identification of twenty constituents, with isolation of (E)-2-(2',4'-hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro [4.

Psiguanol, a novel α-pyrone derivative from Psidium guajava leaves and vasorelaxant activity in rat aorta cells through intracellular cGMP-dependent opening of calcium-activated potassium channels.

The phytochemical investigation of leaves led to the isolation of total nineteen compounds which belongs to meroterpenoids, flavonoid, phenolics, and triterpenoids. The compounds were isolated using extensive chromatography techniques and identified as psiguanol (), as new compound along with guajadial (), psidial A (), -caryophyllene (), quercetin (), avicularin (), guaijaverin (), hyperin (), rutin (), ursolic acid (), corosolic acid (), asiatic acid (), -sitosterol (), -sitosterol-D-glucoside (), ellagic acid (), 3,3',4'-trimethylellagic acid 4-O-glucoside (), protocatechuic acid (), gallic acid (), and tricosanoic acid () as known molecules. The compound was isolated for the first time from this plant.

Cooperative STAT3-NFkB signaling modulates mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic profiling in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to pose a significant health challenge and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of many cancer types, including HCC and it involves alterations in various metabolic or nutrient-sensing pathways within liver cells to facilitate the rapid growth and progression of tumours. However, the role of STAT3-NFκB in metabolic reprogramming is still not clear.

Densitometric method for assessment of six specialized metabolites in four Sida sp. and its congener Abutilon indicum: Targeted metabolomics, greenness assessment, and chemometrics analysis.

Sida is one of the most diverse genera, with about 200 species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Among 18 species distributed in India, Sida acuta, Sida cordifolia, Sida rhombifolia, and Sida cordata are used in traditional medicines along with its possible adulterant Abutilon indicum for several therapeutic uses. The non-availability of marker-based validated methods for the identification and classification of these species leads to adulteration.

LC-MS profiling, in vitro and in silico C-ABL kinase inhibitory approach to identify potential anticancer agents from Dalbergia sissoo leaves.

Belonging to the Fabaceae family, Dalbergia sissoo, a versatile plant, has gained prominence for its potent medicinal attributes, especially antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, as well as the use of its leaf juice in cancer treatment. Despite these recognized applications by natives and tribals, comprehensive insight into its biological activities and chemical composition remains limited. This study aimed to explore the cytotoxic potential of sequentially extracted leaf extracts from Dalbergia sissoo using various solvents, aiming to unveil the array of phytochemicals through LC-MS profiling.

Small but mighty: Peptides regulating abiotic stress responses in plants.

Throughout evolution, plants have developed strategies to confront and alleviate the detrimental impacts of abiotic stresses on their growth and development. The combat strategies involve intricate molecular networks and a spectrum of early and late stress-responsive pathways. Plant peptides, consisting of fewer than 100 amino acid residues, are at the forefront of these responses, serving as pivotal signalling molecules.

HY5-dependent light-mediated regulation of galactinol synthase gene, AtGolS1, modulates galactinol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

The Raffinose Family of Oligosaccharides (RFOs), including Galactinol, Raffinose, and Stachyose, are pivotal carbohydrates with significant roles in abiotic stress tolerance and growth within dynamic environments. Plant development is profoundly influenced by light, a major environmental signal. Despite this, the interconnections between the biosynthesis of secondary sugars and light signaling have remained unexplored.

-fenchyl acetate rich essential oil of Nees inflorescence and its characterisation using GC, GC-MS, and NMR techniques.

Blume is a genus in the family Acanthaceae, with many species endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Nees is endemic to the southern Western Ghats of India. The essential oil of dried inflorescence of was extracted using hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition was determined using GC and GC-MS techniques, which revealed the major compound to be fenchyl acetate (89.

Monoterpenoids: An upcoming class of therapeutic agents for modulating cancer metastasis.

Monoterpenoids, a sub-class of terpenoids, are secondary metabolites frequently extracted from the essential oils of aromatic plants. Their antitumor properties including antiproliferative, apoptotic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects along with other biological activities have been the subject of extensive study due to their diverse characteristics. In recent years, numerous investigations have been conducted to understand its potential anticancer impacts, specifically focusing on antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms.

Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants.

The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years.

Cinchonine: A Versatile Pharmacological Agent Derived from Natural Cinchona Alkaloids.

Background: Cinchonine is one of the Cinchona alkaloids that is commercially extracted from the Peruvian bark of Cinchona officinalis L. (Family: Rubiaceae). It is also obtained in much lower quantities from other species of Cinchona, such as Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona succirubra, and Cinchona pubescens, and in some other plants, such as Remijia peruviana.

Chemical and toxicological studies on black crust formed over historical monuments as a probable health hazard.

Studies to date have mostly investigated environmental factors responsible for deterioration of historical monuments. Black crusts formed on historical monuments are considered as factor for deterioration of structures or as an indicator of environmental status of the surrounding area. Black crust formed on historical monuments has never been investigated as a health hazard.

Molecular cloning and heterologous expression analysis of 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Synthase gene in Centella asiatica L.

Many genes involved in triterpenoid saponins in plants control isoprenoid flux and constitute the precursor pool, which is channeled into various downstream pathways leading to the synthesis of triterpenoid saponins in C. asiatica. Full-length 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate-Synthase (CaDXS) gene was isolated for the study from the previously annotated Centella asiatica leaves transcriptomic data.

Regulating pri/pre-microRNA up/down expressed in cancer proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis using selected potent triterpenoids.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in cancer progression by selectively inducing translational degradation of messenger RNA (mRNA) via sequence-specific interactions with the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR). The potential targeting of miRNA has been recognized as a significant avenue for investigating the biological progression of diverse cancer types. Consequently, targeting of pri-miRNA and pre-miRNA by phytochemicals emerges as a viable strategy in the realm of anticancer therapies.

Radiocarbon (C) accelerator mass spectrometry as a convenient tool for differentiation of flavor chemicals of synthetic origin from biobased sources and their in-vivo toxicity assessment.

Plants are known to be the natural factory for the production of flavor chemicals. Essential oils comprised of aldehyde as a functional group are potent in deciphering flavor effects in beverages and fresh and prepared food products. In the majority, these are manufactured through synthetic routes, resulting in high product carbon footprints or CO equivalents in total greenhouse gas emission.

Synthesis and Structural Activity Relationship Study of Ursolic Acid Derivatives as Antitubercular Agent.

Objective: The chemical transformation of ursolic acid (UA) into novel C-3 aryl ester derivatives and and assessment of their antitubercular potential.

Background: UA is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid with many pharmacological properties. Semisynthetic UA analogs have demonstrated enhanced anticancer, antimalarial, and antifilarial properties in our previous studies.

Temperature-induced lipocalin-mediated membrane integrity: Possible implications for vindoline accumulation in Catharanthus roseus leaves.

Plant lipocalins perform diverse functions. Recently, allene oxide cyclase, a lipocalin family member, has been shown to co-express with vindoline pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus under various biotic/abiotic stresses. This brought focus to another family member, a temperature-induced lipocalin (CrTIL), which was selected for full-length cloning, tissue-specific expression profiling, in silico characterization, and upstream genomic region analysis for cis-regulatory elements.

Bakuchiol modulates acetylcholine synthesis and alleviates Aβ proteotoxicity.

The transmission of acetylcholine (ACh) is critically important for memory, learning, and behaviour. The most promising approaches for the treatment of cholinergic dysfunction involve the enhancement of ACh nootropic phytomolecules. In the same line, the present study identifies the active molecule Bakuchiol derived from .

Escin-sorafenib synergy up-regulates LC3-II and p62 to induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common solid cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Sorafenib is the first drug used to treat HCC but its effectiveness needs to be improved, and it is important to find ways to treat cancer that combine sorafenib with other drugs. Synergistic therapies lower effective drug doses and side effects while enhancing the anticancer effect.

Biotransformation of ricinoleic acid to γ-decalactone using novel yeast strains and process optimization by applying Taguchi model.

Flavour molecules are generated now-a-days through microbial fermentation on a commercial scale. γ-Decalactone (GDL) is an important molecule due to its long-lasting flavouring impact as buttery, coconut and peach-type. In the current study, 33 microorganisms were isolated from different fruit sources, and their screening for target GDL production was performed.