Genome-wide analysis reveals miR-3184-5p and miR-181c-3p as a critical regulator for adipocytes-associated breast cancer.

Obesity is considered as an independent risk factor for breast cancer (BCa) and plays a major role in the breast tumor microenvironment. The etiology and mechanisms by which obesity contributes to BCa development is not yet understood. Herein, we show that in vitro coculture of BCa cells with mature adipocytes (MA-BCa) increased proliferation, migration, and invasive phenotype of BCa cells.

Dehydroabietylamine, A Diterpene from Carthamus tinctorious L. Showing Antibacterial and Anthelmintic Effects with Computational Evidence.

Background: Plant-based drugs provide an outstanding contribution to modern therapeutics, and it is well known that the presence of different phytochemicals is responsible for such pharmacological effects. Carthamus tinctorius L. is one such medicinally important plant whose different solvent extracts have been reported with several pharmacological effects like antibacterial, hepatoprotective, and wound healing.

Aqueous two-phase extraction of R-Phycoerythrin from marine macro-algae, Gelidium pusillum.

Aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) of R-Phycoerythrin (R-PE), a fluorescent and commercially valuable protein, was carried out in two parallel schemes. In scheme-1, ATPE alone was employed, and in scheme-2, process-integration was attempted, where primary extract was subjected to precipitation before standardization of process parameters of ATPE. Scheme-1 with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-3350/potassium phosphate system has resulted in very low R-PE yield (26% w/w) without much enrichment in purity (0.

Physico-chemical Characterization, Profiling of Total Lipids and Triacylglycerol Molecular Species of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Rich B. arvensis Seed Oil from India.

Buglossoides arvensis is indigenous to India and its seed oil is rich in unique and nutritionally important omega-3 fatty acid namely, stearidonic acid (SDA). It is a non-conventional oil seed plant and needs to be agronomically adapt for commercial utilization. In the present study, oil extracted from the agronomically adapted high yielding cultivar of B.

n-3 Fatty Acids Abrogate Dyslipidemia-Induced Changes in Bile Acid Uptake, Synthesis, and Transport in Young and Aged Dyslipidemic Rats.

In this study, the effect of n-3 fatty acids (FA) [α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] on the intestinal bile acid (BA) uptake, hepatic BA synthesis, and enterohepatic bile acid transporters (BAT) was assessed in young and aged dyslipidemic rats. Dyslipidemia was induced in young and aged rats by feeding a high-fat (HF) diet. Experimental groups received diets containing canola oil (HF + CNO) and fish oil (HF + FO) as a source of ALA and EPA + DHA, respectively.

Milling and thermal treatment induced changes on phenolic components and antioxidant activities of pigmented rice flours.

Processing methods involved in value addition to pigmented broken rice, a milling by-product may affect the nutraceutical qualities. Hence the effect of pulverisation and toasting on nutraceutical content in brown rice flours of red and black rice varieties were studied. Plate milling reduced soluble, bound and total polyphenols in red, but increased in black; increased insoluble polyphenols and oryzanol, and reduced anthocyanin in both varieties; antioxidant activity is reduced in red, but increased in black.

Polyethylene Glycol Acts as a Mechanistic Stabilizer of L-asparaginase: A Computational Probing.

Background: L-asparaginase (L-ASN) is an anti-cancer enzyme therapeutic drug that exerts cytotoxicity via inhibition of protein synthesis through depletion of L-asparagine in the tumor microenvironment. The therapeutic performance of the native drug is partial due to the associated instability, reduced half-life and immunogenic complications.

Objective: In this study, we attempted the modification of recombinant L-asparaginase with PEG and an integrated computational strategy to probe the PEGylation in the protein to understand the biological stability/activity imparted by PEG.

Combining bioinformatics and conventional PCR optimization strategy for one-time design of high-specificity primers for WRKY gene family using unigene database.

Gene families, like the conserved transcription factor families, evolve through gene duplications and share moderate similarity between member genes. Lack of genomic data makes it difficult to design high-specificity primers to the target genes. Furthermore, many primers under-perform in highly sensitive assays like quantitative PCR due to issues of thermodynamic nature, thereby increasing the cost and time for analysis.

How substrate subsites in GH26 endo-mannanase contribute towards mannan binding.

Comprehensive knowledge on the role of substrate subsites is a prerequisite to understand the interaction between glycoside hydrolase and its substrate. The present study delineates the role of individual substrate subsites present in ManB-1601 (GH26 endo-mannanase from Bacillus sp.) towards interaction with mannans.

Conjugal transfer of erm(B) and multiple tet genes from Lactobacillus spp. to bacterial pathogens in animal gut, in vitro and during food fermentation.

Three strains of Lactobacillus comprising Lactobacillus salivarius (CHS-1E and CH7-1E) and Lactobacillus reuteri (CH2-2) previously isolated from chicken meat were analyzed for their transferability of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes to pathogenic strains under in vivo, in vitro, and during food fermentation. For in vivo model, Albino Wistar rats were inoculated with 10 CFU/g/ml of Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 (recipient). After 7 days, either of two donors L.

Characterization and mode of action of a potent bio-preservative from food-grade Bacillus licheniformis MCC 2016.

The antibacterial peptide of Bacillus licheniformis MCC 2016 have potential biopreservative efficacy. Here, we report the purification process, properties, and mode of action of this antibacterial peptide for its potential application in the food industry. The antibacterial peptide from the cell-free supernatant was purified using a sequence of purification steps.

Oral supplements of combined fructo- and xylo-oligosaccharides during perinatal period significantly offsets acrylamide-induced oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity in rats.

Fetal and early childhood exposure to low levels of chemicals formed in foods during heating, especially acrylamide (ACR) is of increased concern due to developmental neurotoxicity. The neurodevelopment during perinatal period is critical and evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a major role in shaping brain development and behavior. Pregnant Wistar rats provided with oral supplements a combination of fructo- and xylo-oligosaccharides (FOS + XOS, 3 g/kg/day) from gestation day 0 (GD 0) to postnatal day 21 (PND 21) were exposed to ACR (100 ppm, GD 6 to PND 21) in drinking water.

Supplements Offset Paraquat-Induced Behavioral Phenotype and Brain Oxidative Pathways in Mice.

Background: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by alterations in cerebellum and basal ganglia functioning with corresponding motor deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Involvement of oxidative dysfunction has been implicated for the progression of PD, and environmental neurotoxin exposure could influence such behavior and psychiatric pathology. Assessing dietary supplementation strategies with naturally occurring phytochemicals to reduce behavioral anomalies associated with neurotoxin exposure would have major clinical importance.

An in vitro protocol to study the effect of hyperglycemia on intracellular redox signaling in human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells.

DMEM/F12 nutrient mixture, a recommended media for ARPE-19 culture, contains glucose concentration of 17.5 mM. But, several recent studies employed normal glucose media (5.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Inducing Triterpenoid Inhibits Rhabdomyosarcoma Cell and Tumor Growth through Targeting Sp Transcription Factors.

Methyl 2-trifluoromethyl-3,11-dioxo-18β-olean-1,12-dien-3-oate (CFDODA-Me) is derived synthetically from glycyrrhetinic acid, a major component of licorice, and this compound induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RD and Rh30 rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cells. CFDODA-Me also inhibited growth and invasion and induced apoptosis in RMS cells, and these responses were attenuated after cotreatment with the antioxidant glutathione, demonstrating the effective anticancer activity of ROS in RMS. CFDODA-Me also downregulated expression of specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 and prooncogenic Sp-regulated genes including PAX3-FOXO1 (in Rh30 cells).

In Vitro Comparative Analysis of Probiotic and Functional Attributes of Indigenous Isolates of Bifidobacteria.

In the present study, probiotic, safety and functional characteristics of eight indigenous bifidobacterial isolates were compared to identify suitable strains for functional food application. Among the isolates, six strains of Bifidobacterium longum and one each of Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium bifidum were identified by 16S rRNA, xfp and hsp60 gene sequencing. Diversity among these strains was established by RAPD and Rep-PCR.

Sublichenin, a new subtilin-like lantibiotics of probiotic bacterium Bacillus licheniformis MCC 2512 with antibacterial activity.

Probiotic bacteria with antibacterial activity is of desirable trait since they can check the growth of pathogenic bacteria besides exhibiting health benefits to host. Aim of this study was to characterize Bacillus licheniformis MCC 2512 (MCC 2512), a potential probiotic culture for its ability to produce subtilin-like antibiotics. The anti-microbial compound produced by MCC 2512 was identified and characterized using subtilin-specific cell reporter, Bacillus subtilis 168:BS2 (BS2).

Aging and Hyperglycemia Intensify Dyslipidemia-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats: Assessment of Restorative Potentials of ALA and EPA + DHA.

Effect of aging and hyperglycemia on oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation in dyslipidemic conditions has not been elucidated. Hence, in this study, we assessed the implications of aging, hyperglycemia, and also the dietary effect of n-3 fatty acids (α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) on OS and inflammation in dyslipidemic rats. Dyslipidemia was induced in young and aged rats by feeding high-fat lard (HFL) diet.

Bone loss in MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease is triggered by decreased osteoblastogenesis and increased osteoclastogenesis.

Bone loss is a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is unclear whether a patient's immobility or the endocrine changes in the body causes bone deterioration. To address this issue, we used an animal model of the disease where Swiss albino mice were injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on day 1 and were left untreated for eight weeks.

Influence of defatted mango kernel seed flour addition on the rheological characteristics and cookie making quality of wheat flour.

Defatted mango kernel seed flour was added to wheat flour for the production of cookies. The protein contents of the wheat-mango kernel flour blend were optimized using optimal mixture design of response surface methodology. The farinograph analysis had acceptable mixing profile at 25%-defatted mango kernel flour incorporation, after which the mixing profile was adversely affected.

LC-ESI-MS based characterisation of isoflavones in soybean ( (L.) Merr.) from India.

A total of twenty-one soybean varieties were screened for their morphological characteristics followed by isoflavone content analysis by HPLC. The total isoflavone (TI) content was found within a wide range of 140.9-1048.

Shelf stability of low glycemic index noodles: its physico-chemical evaluation.

Noodles are popularising among all age groups and all region throughout the World. To cater the demand of consumer noodles should be shelf-stable. Noodles prepared from chemically modified ingredients were studied for their keeping quality at two different conditions namely, ambient (27 °C, 65% RH) and accelerated (37 °C, 92% RH) for the period of 180 days (6 months).

Studies on Copper and Aβ-Induced Conformational Changes in CAG/CTG Trinucleotide Repeats Sequence.

DNA conformation and stability are critical for the normal cell functions, which control many cellular processes in life, such as replication, transcription, DNA repair, etc. The accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and Copper (Cu) are the etiological factors for neurodegenerative diseases and hypothesized that they can cause DNA instability. In the current investigation, we studied copper and Aβ induced conformation and stability changes in CAG/CTG sequences and found alterations from B-DNA to altered B-conformation.

Enhanced accumulation of alpha-linolenic acid rich lipids in indigenous freshwater microalga Desmodesmus sp.: The effect of low-temperature on nutrient replete, UV treated and nutrient stressed cultures.

The indigenous microalga, Desmodesmus sp. produced alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) rich lipids in response to low temperature and UV treatment. Incubation at 5 °C showed a 1.