Biochemical and functional characterization of the SMC holocomplex from .

Multi-subunit SMC complexes are required to perform essential functions, such as chromosome compaction, segregation and DNA repair, from bacteria to humans. Prokaryotic SMC proteins form complexes with two non-SMC subunits, ScpA and ScpB, to condense the chromosome. The mutants of both and genes in have been shown to display characteristic phenotypes such as growth defects and increased frequency of anucleate cells.

Neuroprotective Effect of Spice Oleoresins on Memory and Cognitive Impairment Associated with Scopolamine-Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Rats.

Oleoresins are a mixture of volatile and nonvolatile components of concentrated forms of wholesome products. Even though there are several reports on the effect of spice or spice components on Alzheimer's disease, there are no studies on the effect of spice oleoresins. Hence, this study investigates the effect of pepper, chili, and turmeric oleoresins in Alzheimer's type of cognitive impairment in the rat model.

Characterization of in silico modeled synthetic protein enriched with branched-chain amino acids expressed in Pichia pastoris.

We have designed earlier the 3-dimensional structure of protein enriched with 56% branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) based on an α-helical coiled-coil structure. The chemically synthesized DNA (BCAA51 gene) was expressed in Pichia pastoris and confirmed by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. In the present study, the purified recombinant protein was characterized using circular dichroism and data revealed that the secondary structure contained 53.

Progress and promises of epigenetic drugs and epigenetic diets in cancer prevention and therapy: A clinical update.

Epigenetic modifications are heritable yet reversible, essential for normal physiological functions and biological development. Aberrant epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated gene regulation play a crucial role in cancer progression. In cellular reprogramming, irregular epigenomic modulations alter cell signaling pathways and the expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, resulting in cancer growth and metastasis.

Long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer metastasis.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Recurrence of primary tumor and metastasis to distant body parts are major causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The 5-year survival rate for women with metastatic breast cancer is only 25-30%.

Effect of ozone, lactic acid and combination treatments on the control of microbial and pesticide contaminants of fresh vegetables.

Background: Fruit and vegetable consumption has increased due to their tremendous health benefits. However, recent studies have shown that contaminated products may serve as vehicles for foodborne pathogens and harmful chemicals. Therefore, fresh vegetables must be decontaminated before consumption to ensure food safety.

Potential role of mycosterols in hyperlipidemia - A review.

Cardiovascular diseases associated with obesity are alarmingly increasing in both developed and developing countries. Obesity is mainly ascribed to higher lipid accumulation in the body. There are several simple approaches to treat this condition like lifestyle modification, dietary intervention, physical activities, drug treatment etc.

Ginger and turmeric lipid-solubles attenuate heated oil-induced hepatic inflammation via the downregulation of NF-kB in rats.

Purpose: Reusing deep-fried vegetable oils multiple times is a common practice to save costs, and their chronic consumption may cause hepatic dysfunction. In this investigation, we assessed the modulatory effects of ginger and turmeric lipid-solubles that may migrate to oils during heating on the hepatic inflammatory response in rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with; 1) control {native canola (N-CNO) or native sunflower (N-SFO)} oil, 2) heated (heated canola {(H-CNO) or heated sunflower (H-SFO)} oil, and 3) heated oil with ginger or turmeric {heated canola with ginger (H-CNO + GI) or heated canola oil with turmeric (H-CNO + TU), heated sunflower oil with ginger (H-SFO + GI) or heated sunflower oil with turmeric (H-SFO + TU)} for 120 days.

Synthesis, characterization and anti-inflammatory properties of karanjin (Pongamia pinnata seed) and its derivatives.

Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) is a medicinal tree used in the Indian traditional ayurvedic system for treating several ailments. The seeds contain a unique furano-flavonoid karanjin, which has shown to possess many medicinal properties. Its usage at the clinical level is affected due to poor solubility and absorption.

In silico modelling and characterization of eight blast resistance proteins in resistant and susceptible rice cultivars.

Background: Nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) resistance genes are the largest class of plant resistance genes which play an important role in the plant defense response. These genes are better conserved than others and function as a recognition-based immune system in plants through their encoded proteins.

Results: Here, we report the effect of Magnaporthe oryzae, the rice blast pathogen inoculation in resistant BR2655 and susceptible HR12 rice cultivars.

Diet with Low Molecular Weight Chitosan exerts neuromodulation in Rotenone induced Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease.

Rotenone (ROT) is well known pesticide been used in agriculture due to its low cost and rapid action. This has also been widely used to establish Parkinson's disease (PD) models in rodents. Here we have evaluated the role of well established potent molecule 'Low Molecular Weight Chitosan (LMWC)' against ROT induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.

Pathological, biochemical and molecular variability of Colletotrichum truncatum incitant of anthracnose disease in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.).

The present study aims to establish pathogenic variability among Colletotrichum truncatum, an incitant of anthracnose disease across different chilli growing regions of Karnataka. Thirty suspected C. truncatum isolates were identified based on their morphological and conidial characteristics and further confirmed by Internal Transcribed Spacer DNA sequence analysis.

Culinary spice bioactives as potential therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2: Computational investigation.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M) and spike protein are crucial for viral replication and transmission. Spike protein recognizes the human ACE2 receptor and transmits SARS-CoV-2 into the human body.

Ginger and turmeric lipid-solubles attenuate heated oil-induced oxidative stress in the brain via the upregulation of NRF2 and improve cognitive function in rats.

In this study, we elucidated the modulatory potentials of lipid-solubles from ginger and turmeric that may migrate to oils during heating on the brain antioxidant defense and cognitive response in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with control diet [including native canola oil (N-CNO), and native sunflower oil (N-SFO)], or experimental diets [including heated canola oil (H-CNO), heated sunflower oil (H-SFO), heated canola oil with ginger (H-CNO + GI), heated canola oil with turmeric (H-CNO + TU), heated sunflower oil with ginger (H-SFO + GI), heated sunflower oil with turmeric (H-SFO + TU)] for 90 days. Memory parameters [Morris water maze, elevated plus maze, novel object recognition test, T-maze (spontaneous alteration)], locomotor skills (open field test and rotarod test), antioxidant defense enzymes, reactive oxygen species, NOS2, ICAM-1, and NRF-2 level in the brain were assessed.

Traditional medicinal plants against replication, maturation and transmission targets of SARS-CoV-2: computational investigation.

COVID-19 is an infectious pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The critical components of SARS-CoV-2 are the spike protein (S-protein) and the main protease (M). M is required for the maturation of the various polyproteins involved in replication and transcription.

Role of n-3 Fatty Acids on Bile Acid Metabolism and Transport in Dyslipidemia: A Review.

Dietary n-3 fatty acids, especially of marine origin, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), have always been lauded for their profound effects on regulating the risk factors for major metabolic disorders. Yet, their consumption rate is poor compared to n-6 fatty acids [linoleic acid (18:2n-6)], which are predominantly consumed. Hence, the skewed n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio may have a bearing on the risk factors of various diseases, including dyslipidemia.

Expression of a novel α-glucosidase from Aspergillus neoniger in Pichia pastoris and its efficient recovery for synthesis of isomaltooligosaccharides.

A gene conferring α-glucosidase (AG) with high transglycosylation activity from Aspergillus neoniger (a non-niger strain belonging to section Nigri) was cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris. As the cDNA construction retained intronic portions due to alternative splicing, the exonic portions of the gene were stitched using restriction digestion and overlap extension PCR. Pre-determined open-loop exponential feeding strategies were evaluated for methanol dosage to improve the recombinant enzyme synthesis during high-cell density cultivation in 5 L bioreactor.

Alkali-stable GH11 endo-β-1,4 xylanase (XynB) from strain CAM 21: application in hydrolysis of agro-industrial wastes, fruit/vegetable peels and weeds.

GH11 endo-xylanases, due to their inherent structural and biochemical properties, are the key to efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products. A GH11 endo-xylanase (XynB) from strain CAM 21 was cloned, over-expressed and purified (Mw∼24 kDa) using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. XynB showed optimum activity at pH 7.

Molecular advancements on over-expression, stability and catalytic aspects of endo-β-mannanases.

The hydrolysis of mannans by endo-β-mannanases continues to gather significance as exemplified by its commercial applications in food, feed, and a rekindled interest in biorefineries. The present review provides a comprehensive account of fundamental research and fascinating insights in the field of endo-β-mannanase engineering in order to improve over-expression and to decipher molecular determinants governing activity-stability during harsh conditions, substrate recognition, polysaccharide specificity, endo/exo mode of action and multi-functional activities in the modular polypeptide. In-depth analysis of the available literature has also been made on rational and directed evolution approaches, which have translated native endo-β-mannanases into superior biocatalysts for satisfying industrial requirements.

Ginger and turmeric lipid-solubles attenuate heated oil-induced cardio-hepatic oxidative stress via the up-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and decrease blood pressure in rats.

Deep-fried vegetable oils are reused multiple times to save costs, and their chronic consumption may cause organ dysfunction. In this study, we assessed the modulatory effects of lipid-solubles from ginger and turmeric that may migrate to oils during heating, on the cardio-hepatic antioxidant defence response and blood pressure in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with: (1) control (native rapeseed (N-CNO) or native sunflower (N-SFO)) oil, (2) heated (heated rapeseed (H-CNO) or heated sunflower (H-SFO)) oil and (3) heated oil with ginger or turmeric (heated rapeseed oil with ginger (H-CNO + GI) or heated rapeseed oil with turmeric (H-CNO + TU), heated sunflower oil with ginger (H-SFO + GI) or heated sunflower oil with turmeric (H-SFO + TU)) for 120 d.

Bioengineering of Microalgae: Recent Advances, Perspectives, and Regulatory Challenges for Industrial Application.

Microalgae, due to their complex metabolic capacity, are being continuously explored for nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and other industrially important bioactives. However, suboptimal yield and productivity of the bioactive of interest in local and robust wild-type strains are of perennial concerns for their industrial applications. To overcome such limitations, strain improvement through genetic engineering could play a decisive role.

Impact of hydrothermal processing on squalene, α-tocopherol, and fatty acid content in Job's tears grain milled fractions: evaluation of their storage stability.

Background: Job's tears possess an exceptionally high amount of fat and the unsaponifiable fraction is a potential source of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydrothermal processing on squalene, α-tocopherol, and fatty acids in the whole-grain, milled fractions, and their storage stability.

Results: The highest level of squalene content was found in the bran fractions of native and processed Job's tears (11.

Biochemical, nutritional and functional properties of protein isolate and fractions from pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata var. Kashi Harit) seeds.

Pumpkin seeds are rich source of nutritionally well-balanced proteins. The biochemical, nutritional, and functional properties of the protein isolate (PPI) and protein fractions from pumpkin seed were evaluated. Extraction method for PPI was optimized by varying NaCl (0, 0.

Application of Probiotic Yeasts on Species Associated Infection.

Superficial and life-threatening invasive infections are a major clinical challenge in hospitalized and immuno-compromised patients. Emerging drug-resistance among species is exacerbated by the limited availability of antifungals and their associated side-effects. In the current review, we discuss the application of probiotic yeasts as a potential alternative/ combination therapy against infections.

Lipidome, nutraceuticals and nutritional profiling of Pyrus pashia Buch.-ham ex D. Don (Kainth) seeds oil and its antioxidant potential.

Kainth fruit, as traditional medicine, has been used in the Himalayan region for its health-promoting properties. However, the phytochemicals and lipidomes of Kainth Seed Oil (KSO) are still scarce. Here, we investigated the physicochemical characterization of KSO and its nutraceuticals, antioxidant potentials.