A novel regulatory motif at the hinge dimer interface of the MksB mediates dimerization and DNA binding activity.

The Structural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) protein is essential for various cellular processes, including chromosome organization, DNA repair, and genome stability. MksB, an alternative SMC protein present in prokaryotes, comprises a hinge dimerization domain and an ABC ATPase head domain linked by a coiled-coil arm. While hinge dimerization in bacterial and eukaryotic SMCs is attributed to conserved glycines, our study unveils the critical role of a novel KDDR motif located at a loop near the hinge dimer interface in Mycobacterium smegmatis MksB (MsMksB).

Exploring the versatility of Porphyridium sp.: A comprehensive review of cultivation, bio-product extraction, purification, and characterization techniques.

Interest in red microalgae of the Porphyridium genus has surged due to their richness in phycobiliproteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and sulfated polysaccharides. These biomasses and their derivatives find applications across food, feed, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. A deeper understanding of their properties and extraction methods is essential to optimize downstream processing.

A Redox Mediator-Free Highly Selective and Sensitive Electrochemical Aptasensor for Patulin Mycotoxin Detection in Apple Juice Using Ni-NiO Pseudocapacitive Nanomaterials.

Pseudocapacitive nanomaterials have recently gained significant attention in electrochemical biosensors due to their rapid response, long cycle life, high surface area, biomolecule compatibility, and superior energy storage capabilities. In our study, we introduce the potential of using Ni-NiO nanofilm's pseudocapacitive traits as transducer signals in electrochemical aptasensors. Capitalizing on the innate affinity between histidine and nickel, we immobilized histidine-tagged streptavidin (HTS) onto Ni-NiO-modified electrodes.

Elucidating the functional role of human ABHD16B lipase in regulating triacylglycerol mobilization and membrane lipid synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Lipids are essential biological macromolecules that play a pivotal role in various physiological processes and cellular homeostasis. ABHD16B, a member of the α/β-hydrolase domain (ABHD) superfamily protein, has emerged as a potential key regulator in lipid metabolism. However, the precise role of human ABHD16B in lipid metabolism remains unclear.

Acquiring bifidobacteria species from formula-fed and breast-fed newborns: identifying, quantifying and creating an antibiogram.

After examining the spp. population in faeces samples from breast-fed and formula-fed infants, an antibiogram was created. The prevalence of spp.

Characterization of free oligosaccharides from garden cress seed aqueous exudate using PGC LC-MS/MS and NMR spectroscopy.

Garden cress seeds produces mucilage that has found various food applications, however, there is little information on the free oligosaccharides (FOS) contents in these seeds. Herein, we explored the presence of FOS in cress seed aqueous exudate. PGC-LC MS/MS analysis indicated the presence of mainly hexose containing oligosaccharides such as raffinose, stachyose and verbascose belonging to raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs).

Rational Truncation of Aptamer for Ultrasensitive Aptasensing of Chloramphenicol: Studies Using Bio-Layer Interferometry.

Aptamers are an excellent choice for the selective detection of small molecules. However, the previously reported aptamer for chloramphenicol suffers from low affinity, probably as a result of steric hindrance due to its bulky nature (80 nucleotides) leading to lower sensitivity in analytical assays. The present work was aimed at improving this binding affinity by truncating the aptamer without compromising its stability and three-dimensional folding.

Discrimination of raffinose and planteose based on porous graphitic carbon chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry.

Raffinose and planteose are non-reducing, isomeric trisaccharides present in many higher plants. Structurally, they differ in the linkage of α-D-galactopyranosyl to either glucose C(6) or to C (6') of fructose, respectively and thus differentiating each other is very challenging. The negative ion mode mass spectrometric analysis is shown to distinguish planteose and raffinose.

Integrated Omic Analysis Delineates Pathways Modulating Toxic TDP-43 Protein Aggregates in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multi-systemic, incurable, amyloid disease affecting the motor neurons, resulting in the death of patients. The disease is either sporadic or familial with SOD1, C9orf72, FUS, and TDP-43 constituting the majority of familial ALS. Multi-omics studies on patients and model systems like mice and yeast have helped in understanding the association of various signaling and metabolic pathways with the disease.

Genetic basis for probiotic yeast phenotypes revealed by nanopore sequencing.

Probiotic yeasts are emerging as preventative and therapeutic solutions for disease. Often ingested via cultured foods and beverages, they can survive the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and adhere to it, where they provide nutrients and inhibit pathogens like Candida albicans. Yet, little is known of the genomic determinants of these beneficial traits.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant Activities, and Phytochemical Characterization of Edible Plants Exerting Synergistic Effects in Human Gastric Epithelial Cells.

Dietary bioactive compounds from natural sources (e.g., herbal medicines, foods) are known to potentially suppress acute or chronic inflammation and promote the effectiveness of treatment to reduce the harmful effects of gastritis alone or in combination.

Molecular insights on PS-PLA lipase activity of human ABHD16B.

The human alpha beta hydrolase domain (ABHD) proteins are ubiquitous and regulate the cellular lipids' anabolic and catabolic processes. The structural aspects for specific biochemical function of many ABHD proteins related to physiological disorders and its link to pathological conditions remain unknown. Here putative human ABHD16B protein was overexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for its biological activity.

COVID-19: Diabetes Perspective-Pathophysiology and Management.

Recent evidence relating to the impact of COVID-19 on people with diabetes is limited but continues to emerge. COVID-19 pneumonia is a newly identified illness spreading rapidly throughout the world and causes many disabilities and fatal deaths. Over the ensuing 2 years, the indirect effects of the pandemic on healthcare delivery have become prominent, along with the lingering effects of the virus on those directly infected.

Nanomaterials in agriculture for plant health and food safety: a comprehensive review on the current state of agro-nanoscience.

In the modern epoch, nanotechnology took forward the agriculture and food industry with new tools that promise to increase food production sustainably. It also anticipated that it would become a driving economic force shortly. Nanotechnology has the potential to reduce agricultural inputs, enrich the soil by absorbing nutrients, manage plant diseases, and detect diseases.

Evaluation of mechanical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of vanillic acid induced chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) active films to prolong the shelf life of green chilli.

Vanillic acid incorporated chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) active films were prepared by employing a cost-effective solvent casting technique. FTIR investigation validated the intermolecular interaction and formation of Schiff's base (C=N) between functional groups of vanillic acid, chitosan, and poly(vinyl alcohol). The addition of vanillic acid resulted in homogenous and dense morphology, as confirmed by SEM micrographs.

Precision Nanocluster-Based Toroidal and Supertoroidal Frameworks Using Photocycloaddition-Assisted Dynamic Covalent Chemistry.

Atomically precise nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as ideal building blocks for constructing self-assembled multifunctional superstructures. The existing structures are based on various non-covalent interactions of the ligands on the NC surface, resulting in inter-NC interactions. Despite recent demonstrations on light-induced reversible self-assembly, long-range reversible self-assembly based on dynamic covalent chemistry on the NC surface has yet to be investigated.

Vanillic acid potentiates insulin secretion and prevents pancreatic β-cells cytotoxicity under HO-induced oxidative stress.

Background: Oxidative stress is known to impair cellular functions and, therefore, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including diabetes. The persistently elevated glucose levels may cause enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, which in turn can damage the pancreatic β-cells. In this study, we have investigated the effect of vanillic acid on preventing HO-induced β-cells death and retaining its insulin secretion potentiating effect in the presence of HO.

Hydrothermal treatment of hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa L.): impact on its dehulling yield, fatty acid profile and nutritional characteristics.

Background: Hemp seeds are highly nutritious and a sustainable source of protein and omega-fatty acids. The outer shell of the seeds restricts its utilization in the food industry. Dehulling of the seeds leads to a lot of processing losses due to high oil content and hard shell of the seed.

Variants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Vaccine Effectiveness.

The incidence and death toll due to SARS-CoV-2 infection varied time-to-time; and depended on several factors, including severity (viral load), immune status, age, gender, vaccination status, and presence of comorbidities. The RNA genome of SARS-CoV-2 has mutated and produced several variants, which were classified by the SARS-CoV-2 Interagency Group (SIG) into four major categories. The first category; “Variant Being Monitored (VBM)”, consists of Alpha (B.

Lutein ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity, fatty liver, and glucose intolerance in C57BL/6J mice.

Obesity is a multi-factorial metabolic syndrome that increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. We recently demonstrated the antiadipogenic efficacy of lutein using a 3 T3-L1 cell culture model. This study aimed to examine the antiobesity efficacy of lutein on high-fat (60% kcal fat) diet-induced C57BL/6J obese mice model.

Assessment of Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients.

Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which causes coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in humans, have been developed and are being tested for safety and efficacy. We conducted the cross-sectional prospective cohort study on 820 patients who were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and were admitted to Princess Krishnajammanni trauma care centre (PKTCC), Mysore, which was converted to a designated COVID hospital between April 2021 to July 2021. After obtaining the informed consent, RT-PCR report, vaccination certificate and patient history, patients were classified according to their vaccination status.