Massive pneumocephalus after Valsalva maneuver in sphenoidal meningocele.

Pneumocephalus, defined as the presence of gas within the intracranial space, typically results from head trauma, surgery, or diagnostic/therapeutic procedures that disrupt the dura. However, spontaneous or non-traumatic pneumocephalus is rare. This video article presents a case report of a 64-year-old woman referred to the Department of Otolaryngology with a severe frontal headache and clear nasal discharge (rhinorrhea) after performing the Valsalva maneuver to relieve ear fullness.

Modified Technique of Temporal Osteotomy in Fronto-Orbital Advancement in Anterior Plagiocephaly.

Background: Nonsyndromic anterior plagiocephaly is one of the most common types of craniosynostosis. In recent years, various surgical techniques have been introduced to correct this deformity, which many surgeons believe have not been associated with adequate clinical and aesthetic results. The aim of the study was to introduce a new surgical technique (modified Z-technique of temporal region osteotomy) and to evaluate the aesthetic and anthropometric outcomes of frontal orbital correction for the management of patients with nonsyndromic anterior plagiocephaly.

Endoscopic nasal multilevel skull base reconstruction combined with lumbar cistern drainage in the treatment of infection caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage: A case report.

Rationale: Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage can cause complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis and brain abscess. It is necessary to formulate individualized treatment strategies, such as the use of antibiotics and skull base reconstruction methods. The application of nasal septum mucosal flap can significantly reduce the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage.

[Repair protocol of intraoperative CSF leak after endoscopic endonasal clival malignancy resection].

To evaluate the repair protocols for intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks after endoscopic endonasal clival malignancy resection (EECR) and to analyze the risk factors of surgical complication. The clinical data of patients who underwent EECR and had intraoperative CSF leaks in XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2012 and January 2024 were reviewed. The pathological results, imaging data, location of the dural defect, degree of intraoperative CSF leaks, repair materials, complications such as postoperative central nervous system (CNS) infections, types of antibiotics used, bacterial culture and drug sensitivity results, secondary repair, and follow-up results were collected.

[Clinical analysis of endoscopic transnasal resection of skull base chondrosarcoma].

To explore the surgical techniques and clinical outcomes of endoscopic transnasal approaches in the treatment of skull base chondrosarcomas. Data from patients diagnosed with skull base chondrosarcomas and treated via endoscopic transnasal surgery at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, from 2013 to 2022 were collected. This retrospective study analyzed the patients' clinical presentations, histopathological grading, involved sites and extents, and complications following the endoscopic transnasal surgery.

Postoperative CSF Rhinorrhoea.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhoea is a well known complication following skull base surgery. Identifying the site of leak is the most important determinant for the appropriate approach in the further management of the case. Either transcranial or transnasal approaches may be used, alone or in combination, as deemed appropriate.

Anthrax meningoencephalitis: A case report.

The present study describes the case of a patient with anthrax meningoencephalitis with the aim of providing a scientific basis for the control of this disease. The cerebrospinal fluid and blood of the patient were tested for genes and was detected. The patient's meningitis was cured following treatment.

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea in Pre-operative Pituitary Adenoma: A Report of Two Cases.

Pituitary macroadenomas are neuroendocrine tumors residing in the base of the skull. First-line therapies for prolactin-secreting adenomas (prolactinoma) include medical treatment with dopamine agonists and neurosurgical intervention. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a well-known complication following skull base tumor treatment; however, spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea as the initial presenting feature of such tumors is rare.

Endoscopic far-lateral supracerebellar infratentorial approach for resection of clival chordoma: case report.

Introduction: The surgery of clival chordoma remains one of the most formidable challenges for neurosurgeons because of its location at great depth in the cranium and proximity to critical neurovascular structures. Here, we describe the technique and feasibility of the purely endoscopic far-lateral supracerebellar infratentorial approach (EF-SCITA) for resection of an intradural clival chordoma.

Case Description: A 68-year-old women presented with sudden ptosis on the left side for two weeks.

Intrathecal Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography and MR Cisternography for Skull Base Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Other Intracranial Applications.

Acquired skull base cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks can result from trauma, tumors, iatrogenic causes, or may be spontaneous. Spontaneous skull base CSF leaks are likely a manifestation of underlying idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The initial assessment of rhinorrhea or otorrhea, which may be suspected owing to an acquired skull base CSF leak, requires integration of clinical assessment and biochemical confirmation of CSF.

Paroxysmal dysarthria caused by cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea causes the loss of CSF, resulting in a decrease in intracranial pressure and a lack of CSF protection in brain tissue. CSF rhinorrhea may cause impairment of posterior cranial nerves resulting in facial paralysis and vertigo. However, dysarthria caused by involvement of glossopharyngeal nerves and vagus nerves has seldom been reported.

Meningioma En Plaque Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: A Systematic Review of the Literature with Case Presentation.

Background: Meningiomas are the most frequently diagnosed benign intracranial tumors. However, meningioma en plaque (MEP) is a rare subset accounting for 2.5% of all meningiomas and is characterized by flat, carpetlike proliferation along the dura, typically arising in the spheno-orbital region, and, therefore, causes proptosis, decreased visual acuity, and orbital pain.