Diuretic response after neonatal cardiac surgery: a report from the NEPHRON collaborative.

Background: Multicenter early diuretic response (DR) analysis of single furosemide dosing following neonatal cardiac surgery is lacking to inform whether early DR predicts adverse clinical outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the NEPHRON registry. Random forest machine learning generated receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (ROC-AUC) and odds ratios for mechanical ventilation (MV) and respiratory support (RS).

Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates Undergoing the Norwood Operation: Retrospective Analysis of the Multicenter Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network Dataset, 2015-2018.

Objectives: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) is associated with adverse outcomes. Single-center studies suggest that the prevalence of CS-AKI is high after the Norwood procedure, or stage 1 palliation (S1P), but multicenter data are lacking.

Design: A secondary analysis of the Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network (NEPHRON) multicenter cohort who underwent S1P.

Contemporary Relationship Between Hospital Volume and Outcomes in Congenital Heart Surgery.

Background: Studies examining the volume-outcome relationship in congenital heart surgery (CHS) are more than a decade old. Since then, mortality has declined, and case-mix adjustment has evolved. We determined the current relationship between hospital CHS volume and outcomes.

Impact of tight glycemic control and hypoglycemia after pediatric cardiac surgery on neurodevelopmental outcomes at three years of age: Findings from a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Studies examining the impact of randomization As per standard instruction, city is required for affiliations; however, this information is missing in affiliation 6. Please check if the provided city is correct and amend if necessary. to tight glycemic control (TGC) and resultant hypoglycemia on later neurodevelopmental outcomes have produced mixed results.

Norwood Operation: Immediate vs Delayed Sternal Closure.

Background: The Norwood operation is a complex neonatal surgery. There are limited data to inform the timing of sternal closure. After the Norwood operation, delayed sternal closure (DSC) is frequent.

Age at surgery and outcomes following neonatal cardiac surgery: An analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium.

Objective: The optimal timing for neonatal cardiac surgery is a potentially modifiable factor that may affect outcomes. We studied the relationship between age at surgery (AAS) and outcomes across multiple hospitals, focusing on neonatal operations where timing appears is not emergency.

Methods: We studied neonates ≥37 weeks' gestation and ≥2.

Epidemiology of Acute Kidney Injury After Neonatal Cardiac Surgery: A Report From the Multicenter Neonatal and Pediatric Heart and Renal Outcomes Network.

Objectives: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury occurs commonly following congenital heart surgery and is associated with adverse outcomes. This study represents the first multicenter study of neonatal cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. We aimed to describe the epidemiology, including perioperative predictors and associated outcomes of this important complication.

Influence of Early Extubation Location on Outcomes Following Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

Objectives: Early extubation following pediatric cardiac surgery is common, but debate exists whether location affects outcome, with some centers performing routine early extubations in the operating room (odds ratio) and others in the cardiac ICU. We aimed to define early extubation practice variation across hospitals and assess impact of location on hospital length-of-stay and other outcomes.

Design: Secondary analysis of the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium registry.

Central Venous Catheter Utilization and Complications in the Pediatric Cardiac ICU: A Report From the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4).

Objectives: Current central venous catheter utilization in patients within pediatric cardiac ICUs is not well elucidated. We aim to describe current use of central venous catheters in a multi-institutional cohort and to explore the prevalence and risk factors for central line-associated thrombosis and central line-associated bloodstream infections.

Design: Observational analysis.

Atrioventricular block after congenital heart surgery: Analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium.

Objectives: Our primary aims were to describe the contemporary epidemiology of postoperative high-grade atrioventricular block (AVB), the timing of recovery and permanent pacemaker (PPM) placement, and to determine predictors for development of and recovery from AVB.

Methods: Patients who underwent congenital heart surgery from August 2014 to June 2017 were analyzed for AVB using the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium registry. Predictors of AVB with or without PPM were identified using multinomial logistic regression.

Variation in Adjusted Mortality for Medical Admissions to Pediatric Cardiac ICUs.

Objectives: Pediatric cardiac ICUs should be adept at treating both critical medical and surgical conditions for patients with cardiac disease. There are no case-mix adjusted quality metrics specific to medical cardiac ICU admissions. We aimed to measure case-mix adjusted cardiac ICU medical mortality rates and assess variation across cardiac ICUs in the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium.

Variation in Case-Mix Adjusted Unplanned Pediatric Cardiac ICU Readmission Rates.

Objectives: To identify modifiable factors leading to unplanned readmission and characterize differences in adjusted unplanned readmission rates across hospitals.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected clinical registry data SETTING:: Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium clinical registry.

Patients: Patients admitted to a pediatric cardiac ICU at Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium hospitals.

Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Use in Pediatric Cardiac ICUs: A Report From the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium Registry.

Objectives: Cardiopulmonary failure in children with cardiac disease differs from the general pediatric critical care population, yet the epidemiology of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in cardiac ICUs has not been described. We aimed to characterize extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization and outcomes across surgical and medical patients in pediatric cardiac ICUs.

Design: Retrospective analysis of the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium registry to describe extracorporeal membrane oxygenation frequency and outcomes.

The Epidemiology of Healthcare-associated Infections in Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Units.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) represent serious complications for patients within pediatric cardiac intensive care units (CICU). HAIs are associated with increased morbidity, mortality and resource utilization. There are few studies describing the epidemiology of HAIs across the entire spectrum of patients (surgical and nonsurgical) receiving care in dedicated pediatric CICUs.

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Cardiac Arrest in Pediatric Cardiac ICUs.

Objectives: In-hospital cardiac arrest occurs in 2.6-6% of children with cardiac disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Much remains unknown about cardiac arrest in pediatric cardiac ICUs; therefore, we aimed to describe cardiac arrest epidemiology in a contemporary multicenter cardiac ICU cohort.

Activated Notch signaling cascade is correlated with stem cell differentiation toward absorptive progenitors after massive small bowel resection in a rat.

Notch signaling is thought to act to drive cell versification in the lining of the small intestine. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of the Notch signaling pathway in stem cell differentiation in the late stages of intestinal adaptation after massive small bowel resection in a rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups of eight rats each: Sham rats underwent bowel transection and reanastomosis, while SBS rats underwent 75% small bowel resection.

Variation in extubation failure rates after neonatal congenital heart surgery across Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium hospitals.

Objective: In a multicenter cohort of neonates recovering from cardiac surgery, we sought to describe the epidemiology of extubation failure and its variability across centers, identify risk factors, and determine its impact on outcomes.

Methods: We analyzed prospectively collected clinical registry data on all neonates undergoing cardiac surgery in the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium database from October 2013 to July 2015. Extubation failure was defined as reintubation less than 72 hours after the first planned extubation.

Effect of Chelerythrine on Intestinal Cell Turnover following Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model.

 Chelerythrine (CHE) is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C inhibitor. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of CHE on intestinal recovery and enterocyte turnover after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats.  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: (1) sham rats underwent laparotomy, (2) sham-CHE rats underwent laparotomy and were treated with intraperitoneal CHE; (3) IR-rats underwent occlusion of both superior mesenteric artery and portal vein for 30 minutes followed by 48 hours of reperfusion, and (4) IR-CHE rats underwent IR and were treated with intraperitoneal CHE immediately before abdominal closure.

Impact of Tight Glycemic Control on Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 1 Year of Age for Children with Congenital Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the association of postoperative tight glycemic control and hypoglycemia in children undergoing cardiac surgery with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 1 year of age.

Study Design: A 2-center, prospective, randomized trial of postoperative tight glycemic control vs standard care was conducted in 980 children undergoing cardiac surgery. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed at nine to 18 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III), the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition, and the Brief Infant Toddler Social-Emotional Assessment.

Perioperative feeding management of neonates with CHD: analysis of the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium (PC4) registry.

Unlabelled: Introduction The optimal perioperative feeding strategies for neonates with CHD are unknown. In the present study, we describe the current feeding practices across a multi-institutional cohort.

Methods: Inclusion criteria for this study were as follows: all neonates undergoing cardiac surgery admitted to the cardiac ICU for ⩾24 hours preoperatively between October, 2013 and July, 2014 in the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium registry.