94 results match your criteria: "CRO-National Cancer Institute[Affiliation]"

Objective: Precision Oncology requires deep changes in organizational settings but little evidence has been identified about the best strategy to guarantee the delivery of this innovation to patients. In the Italian health care system, high heterogeneity could jeopardize equal access opportunity for patients. Following a consensus method, we aim to define shared solutions to address these issues in clinical practice.

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The potential of retinoic acid receptors as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in gastric cancer.

Front Oncol

September 2024

Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Gastric cancer is a type of stomach cancer that is really complicated and has low survival rates, but researchers are studying a vitamin-A related substance called retinoic acid to help treat it.
  • The study looked at samples from 55 patients to see how certain genes are expressed in their tumors and if these could help predict how the cancer is progressing.
  • Results showed that some gene levels were higher in patients with more serious cancer stages, which could mean that these genes might help doctors understand and treat gastric cancer better in the future.
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The acquisition of relevant pediatric clinical safety data is essential to ensure tolerable drug therapies. Comparing the real number of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reports in clinical practice with the literature, the idea of ADR underreporting emerges. An active pharmacovigilance observational prospective study was conducted to assess the safety of oncology pharmacological prescriptions in patients aged 0-24 years at Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo in Trieste and IRCCS CRO National Cancer Institute in Aviano (Italy) between January 2021 and October 2023.

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Introduction: Lorlatinib, a third-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor, improved outcomes compared with crizotinib in patients with previously untreated ALK-positive advanced NSCLC in the phase 3 CROWN study. Here, we investigated response correlates using plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tumor tissue profiling.

Methods: ALK fusions and ALK with or without TP53 mutations were assessed by next-generation sequencing.

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Prebiotics and the Risk of Upper Digestive Tract and Stomach Cancers: The PrebiotiCa Study.

J Acad Nutr Diet

December 2023

Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Background: Fiber intake may lower digestive tract cancer risk, possibly by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. However, no data are available about the role of specific fiber fractions with prebiotic activity (e.g.

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As cardio-oncology imposed itself as the reference specialty for a comprehensive cardiovascular approach to all patients with cancer, a more specific and careful cardiac evaluation of women entering their journey into cancer care is needed. Gender medicine refers to the study of how sex-based biological and gender-based socioeconomic and cultural differences influence people's health. Gender-related aspects could account for differences in the development, progression, and clinical signs of diseases as well as in the treatment of adverse events.

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Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide that is considered to be biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic. The polymer has been used in drug delivery applications for its positive charge, which allows for adhesion with and recognition of biological tissues via non-covalent interactions. In recent times, chitosan has been used for the preparation of graft copolymers with thermoresponsive polymers such as poly--vinylcaprolactam (PNVCL) and poly--isopropylamide (PNIPAM), allowing the combination of the biodegradability of the natural polymer with the ability to respond to changes in temperature.

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Microgels can be considered soft, porous and deformable particles with an internal gel structure swollen by a solvent and an average size between 100 and 1000 nm. Due to their biocompatibility, colloidal stability, their unique dynamicity and the permeability of their architecture, they are emerging as important candidates for drug delivery systems, sensing and biocatalysis. In clinical applications, the research on responsive microgels is aimed at the development of "smart" delivery systems that undergo a critical change in conformation and size in reaction to a change in environmental conditions (temperature, magnetic fields, pH, concentration gradient).

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Characterization of Thermoresponsive Poly-N-Vinylcaprolactam Polymers for Biological Applications.

Polymers (Basel)

August 2021

Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, Italy.

Poly-N-Vinylcaprolactam (PNVCL) is a thermoresponsive polymer that exhibits lower critical solution temperature (LCST) between 25 and 50 °C. Due to its alleged biocompatibility, this polymer is becoming popular for biomedical and environmental applications. PNVCL with carboxyl terminations has been widely used for the preparation of thermoresponsive copolymers, micro- and nanogels for drug delivery and oncological therapies.

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Cardio-oncology has achieved a pivotal role in science, but real world data on its clinical impact are still limited. A questionnaire was sent out to all cardio-oncology services across Italy ( = 120). The questionnaire was made up of 28 questions divided into four blocks: (A) general information on hospitals and service, (B) the inner organization of cardio-oncology and its relationships with out-of-hospital cardiologists and general practitioners, (C) educational needs and referral guidelines, and (D) activities/specific workload.

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Background: A prostate cancer diagnosis is based on biopsy sampling that is an invasive, expensive procedure, and doesn't accurately represent multifocal disease.

Methods: To establish a model using plasma miRs to distinguish Prostate cancer patients from non-cancer controls, we enrolled 600 patients histologically diagnosed as having or not prostate cancer at biopsy. Two hundred ninety patients were eligible for the analysis.

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Cardiac adverse remodeling is characterized by biological changes that affect the composition and architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The consequently disrupted signaling can interfere with the balance between cardiogenic and pro-fibrotic phenotype of resident cardiac stromal primitive cells (CPCs). The latter are important players in cardiac homeostasis and can be exploited as therapeutic cells in regenerative medicine.

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Fluorescent Imprinted Nanoparticles for the Effective Monitoring of Irinotecan in Human Plasma.

Nanomaterials (Basel)

August 2020

Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.

Fluorescent, imprinted nanosized polymers for the detection of irinotecan have been synthesised using a napthalimide polymerisable derivative (2-allyl-6-[2-(aminoethyl)-amino] napthalimide) as functional monomer. The imprinted polymers contain ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a cross-linker and were prepared by high dilution radical polymerisation in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). The material was able to rebind irinotecan up to 18 nmol/mg with good specificity.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Cardiovascular disease and cancer are leading causes of death in the Western world, with their overlap expected to increase as the population ages and cancer treatments improve.
  • - Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in cancer patients may have different clinical presentations, management strategies, and outcomes compared to non-cancer patients, largely due to limited data from clinical trials involving these patients.
  • - This review highlights the importance of evaluating the risk/benefit ratio of invasive treatments for ACS in cancer patients and advocates for a multidisciplinary approach to manage this unique patient population effectively.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular toxicity of immunotherapy represents an underreported but potentially fatal side effect. A relatively high incidence of pericardial disease has been noticed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a population of patients with advanced NSCLC receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) looking for the presence of pericardial effusion at baseline or during treatment.

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Impact of age and gender on the safety and efficacy of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of TRIBE and TRIBE2 studies.

Ann Oncol

December 2019

Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa. Electronic address:

Background: The phase III TRIBE and TRIBE2 studies randomized metastatic colorectal cancer patients to first-line FOLFOXIRI/bevacizumab or a doublet (FOLFIRI or FOLFOX)/bevacizumab. The studies demonstrated a significant benefit from the triplet at the price of an increased incidence of chemotherapy-related adverse events (AEs). In both trials, males and females aged between 18 and 70 years with ECOG PS ≤2 and between 71 and 75 years with ECOG PS = 0 were eligible.

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Timing of Anthracyclines and Trastuzumab Cardiac Toxicity.

Anticancer Res

October 2019

Division of Cardiology, - Azienda USL Toscana Nord-Ovest, Ospedale Versilia, Lido di Camaiore, Italy.

Background/aim: Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) predict cardiotoxicity in cancer patients but their role in late cardiac toxicity is less clear.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of patients treated with anthracyclines (A) and/or trastuzumab (T) and a correlation with early (≤5 years) or late (>5 years) cardiac toxicity, and baseline CVRFs and CVRFs at toxicity time.

Results: A total of 610 patients were included, 422 with (Group A) and 188 without (Group B) baseline CVRFs.

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Overview of Current Targeted Anti-Cancer Drugs for Therapy in Onco-Hematology.

Medicina (Kaunas)

July 2019

Italian Association of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Diagnostics (IAPharmagen), Ancona 60125, Italy.

The upgraded knowledge of tumor biology and microenviroment provides information on differences in neoplastic and normal cells. Thus, the need to target these differences led to the development of novel molecules (targeted therapy) active against the neoplastic cells' inner workings. There are several types of targeted agents, including Small Molecules Inhibitors (SMIs), monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), interfering RNA (iRNA) molecules and microRNA.

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Background: Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is involved in the immune response and its deficiency impairs B cell maturation. We evaluated the expression of a novel BTK isoform, p65BTK, in colorectal cancer (CRC), to identify its impact on survival.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 87 consecutive stage III CRC patients treated at the National Cancer Institute of Aviano (1999-2017).

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Overview of Targeted Drugs for Mature B-Cell Non-hodgkin Lymphomas.

Front Oncol

June 2019

Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione "G. Pascale" IRCCS, Naples, Italy.

The improved knowledge of pathogenetic mechanisms underlying lymphomagenesis and the discovery of the critical role of tumor microenvironments have enabled the design of new drugs against cell targets and pathways. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small molecule inhibitors (SMIs) for targeted therapy in hematology. This review focuses on the efficacy results of the currently available targeted agents and recaps the main ongoing trials in the setting of mature B-Cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

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Purpose: Luminal breast cancer has a long natural history, with recurrences continuing beyond 10 years after diagnosis. We analyzed long-term follow-up (LTFU) of efficacy outcomes and adverse events in the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 study reported after a median follow-up of 12.6 years.

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In Japan, cervical cancer incidence has increased since the late 1990s especially among young women, despite a decreasing trend in most developed countries. Here, we examined age, period and birth cohort trends in cervical cancer incidence rates from 1985 to 2012. Incidence rates were ascertained using three population-based cancer registries and analyzed using Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort models.

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A Novel Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccination Protocol to Stimulate Immunosurveillance of Aggressive Cancers.

Methods Mol Biol

June 2019

Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy.

A major challenge in the development of a successful tumor vaccination is to break immune tolerance and to sensitize efficiently the immune system toward relevant tumor antigens, thus enabling T-cell-mediated antitumor responses in vivo. Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy shows the advantage to induce an adaptive immune response against the tumor, with the potential to generate a long-lasting immunological memory able to prevent further relapses and hopefully metastasis. Recently different preclinical studies highlighted the golden opportunity to exploit the features of immunogenic cell death (ICD) to generate ex vivo a highly immunogenic tumor cell lysate as potent antigen formulation for improved DC-based vaccine against aggressive cancers.

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Mutant p53 blocks SESN1/AMPK/PGC-1α/UCP2 axis increasing mitochondrial O· production in cancer cells.

Br J Cancer

October 2018

Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Background: The TP53 tumor suppressor gene is the most frequently altered gene in tumors and mutant p53 gain-of-function isoforms actively promote cancer malignancy.

Methods: A panel of wild-type and mutant p53 cancer cell lines of different tissues, including pancreas, breast, skin, and lung were used, as well as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with different TP53 gene status. The effects of mutant p53 were evaluated by confocal microscopy, reactive oxygen species production assay, immunoblotting, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction after cellular transfection.

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