Generalizability of kidney and cardiovascular protection by finerenone to the real world in Italy: insights from Fidelio and Figaro studies.

Background: We evaluated the proportion of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) participating in the AMD (Association of Medical Diabetologists) Annals initiative who met the eligibility criteria for phase III-studies on finerenone, showing its renal and cardiovascular benefits.

Methods: This analysis involved all T2D patients seen in 2019 in 282 diabetes centers in Italy, for whom data on kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria) were available. Data are presented separately for different scenarios, covering the population with main eligibility criteria for inclusion in the FIDELIO-DKD and FIGARO-DKD trials.

When Does Metabolic Memory Start? Insights From the Association of Medical Diabetologists Annals Initiative on Stringent HbA1c Targets.

Early, intensive glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with long-term benefits in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Evidence on benefits of achieving HbA1c targets close to normal values is scant. Individuals with newly diagnosed T2D, without CVD at baseline, were identified in an Italian clinical registry (n = 251,339).

Profiles of sulfonylurea use in Diabetes Mellitus type 2: an analysis of clinical practice over the last 10 years.

Aims: Describing the evolution over time in the use of sulfonylureas (SUs) and the characteristics of patients at first prescription and at interruption of treatment with SUs.

Methods: Retrospective evaluation of data from the Italian Association of Diabetologists (AMD) Annals registry (2010-2020), about T2D patients who started treatment with SUs. The longitudinal probability of remaining on SUs was estimated by Kaplan Meier survival curves.

A comparison of natalizumab and ocrelizumab on disease progression in multiple sclerosis.

Objective: No direct comparisons of the effect of natalizumab and ocrelizumab on progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) and relapse-associated worsening (RAW) events are currently available. We aimed to compare the risk of achieving first 6 months confirmed PIRA and RAW events and irreversible Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4.0 and 6.

Effectiveness of switching from first-generation basal insulin to Glargine 300 U/mL in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results from the ISPED CARD database.

Aims: Glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) has been recently approved for use in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, real-world effectiveness data are scarce, and aim of this analysis was to assess clinical outcomes in young patients with T1D switching from 1st generation basal insulin (1BI) to Gla-300.

Methods: ISPED CARD is a retrospective, multicenter study, based on data anonymously extracted from Electronic Medical Records.

Vulvovaginal atrophy in women with and without a history of breast cancer: Baseline data from the PatiEnt satisfactiON studY (PEONY) in Italy.

Objectives: To assess clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with moderate/severe vulvovaginal atrophy, as well as its impact on sexual function, well-being, and quality of life, and to provide an overview of most used treatments.

Study Design: Ongoing longitudinal, observational study conducted in 17 Italian gynecology centers, involving women already treated or initiating a local vaginal estrogen therapy or ospemifene. We report baseline data for women with and without a history of breast cancer.

Continuous improvement of quality of care in pediatric diabetes: the ISPED CARD clinical registry.

Aim: In Italy, the ISPED CARD initiative was launched to measure and improve quality of care in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Process and outcome indicators and the related information derived from electronic medical records were identified. A network of pediatric diabetes centers was created on a voluntary basis.

A High Copy Number from a Pharyngeal Swab Is Not Associated with Different Presenting Features in 100 Children with Acute Adenovirus Infection from a Cluster in Italy.

Human mastadenoviruses, frequently denominated adenoviruses (HAdVs), may cause respiratory tract, gastrointestinal or, less frequently, other involvements. Epidemics of HAdV infections occur globally, in communities, and in closed or crowded settings. In our institution, a cluster of infants and children admitted for HAdV infection was recently observed.

The legacy effect of hyperglycemia and early use of SGLT-2 inhibitors: a cohort study with newly-diagnosed people with type 2 diabetes.

Background: A delay in reaching HbA1c targets in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased long-term risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a phenomenon referred to as legacy effect. Whether an early introduction of glucose-lowering drugs with proven benefit on CVD can attenuate this phenomenon is unknown.

Methods: Using data derived from a large Italian clinical registry, .

Risk factor variability and cardiovascular risk among patients with diabetes: a nationwide observational study.

Aims: Cardiovascular risk factor control fluctuates, tends to change over time, and is potentially impacted by multifactorial interactions. Currently, the presence of risk factors, rather than their variability or interplay with one another, is taken into account to define the population at risk. The association between variability of risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality risk among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains debatable.

Bronchiolitis 2021-2022 epidemic: multicentric analysis of the characteristics and treatment approach in 214 children from different areas in Italy.

Bronchiolitis causes a remarkable number of hospitalizations; its epidemiology follows that of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), its main pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presenting features, treatment approach, and impact of medical therapy in four pediatric hospitals in Italy. Data on infants < 24 months of age hospitalized with bronchiolitis in the 2021-2022 season were collected.

Real world effectiveness of subcutaneous semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: A retrospective, cohort study (Sema-MiDiab01).

Introduction: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the real-world impact of once-weekly (OW) subcutaneous semaglutide on different end-points indicative of metabolic control, cardiovascular risk factors, and beta-cell function in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study conducted in 5 diabetes clinics in Italy. Changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, renal function, and beta-cell function (HOMA-B) during 12 months were evaluated.

Role of telemedicine during COVID-19 pandemic in type 2 diabetes outpatients: The AMD annals initiative.

Aims: Telemedicine is advocated as a fundamental tool in modern clinical management. However, data on the effects of telemedicine vs face-to-face consultation on clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are still uncertain. This paper describes the use of telemedicine during the 2020 COVID-19 emergency and compares volume activity and quality indicators of diabetes care between face-to-face vs telemedicine counseling in the large cohort of T2DM patients from the AMD Annals Initiative.

Sex- and gender-differences in chronic long-term complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Italy.

Aims: This review summarizes the contribution of Italian diabetologists devoted to a better understanding of the complex relationship linking sex/gender and long-term complications of type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) over the last fifteen years.

Data Synthesis: Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes show sex- and gender-related differences, involving pathophysiological mechanisms, epidemiological features and clinical presentation, due to the interaction between biological and psychosocial factors. These differences greatly impact on the progression of diabetes and its long-term complications, especially in the cardiovascular, renal and liver districts.

Comparative effectiveness of Glargine 300 U/mL vs. Degludec 100 U/mL in patients with type 2 diabetes switching from 1° generation basal insulins.

Background And Aims: Data on second generation basal insulin (2BI) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) generated by clinical trials still need confirmation in real-world clinical settings. This study aimed at assessing the comparative effectiveness of 2BI [Glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) vs. Degludec 100 U/mL (Deg-100)] in T2D Italian patients switching from first generation basal insulins (1BI).

Effectiveness and Tolerability of Once-Weekly GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Clinical Practice: A Focus on Switching Between Once-Weekly Molecules in Type 2 Diabetes.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists (OW GLP-1RAs) and to assess the clinical benefits of switching from one GLP-1RA to another (switchers) in a routine clinical setting.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective, real-world cohort study, based on electronic medical records utilized in one Italian diabetes clinic. Estimated mean changes in HbA1c and body weight after 6 and 12 months from the first prescription of a long-acting GLP1-RA were evaluated using longitudinal linear mixed models for repeated measures.

Comparative effectiveness and safety of glargine 300 U/mL versus degludec 100 U/mL in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. A multicenter retrospective real-world study (RESTORE-2 NAIVE STUDY).

Aims: This study assessed comparative effectiveness of glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) versus degludec 100 U/mL (Deg-100) in insulin-naïve patients with T2D.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter, non-inferiority study based on electronic medical records. All patients initiating Gla-300 or Deg-100 were 1:1 propensity score-matched (PSM).

HbA1c variability predicts cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes regardless of being at glycemic target.

Background: HbA1c variability has emerged as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in diabetes. However, the impact of HbA1c variability on cardiovascular diseases in subjects within the recommended HbA1c target has been relatively unexplored.

Methods: Using data from a large database, we studied 101,533 people with type 2 diabetes without cardiovascular diseases.

Variability in body weight and the risk of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: results from the Swedish National Diabetes Register.

Background: There is a high incidence of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. Weight variability has been reported as independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in the general population and preliminarily also in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Using data from the Swedish National Diabetes Register the possible link between visit-to-visit body weight variability and the risk of cardiovascular complications among people with type 2 diabetes and without prevalent cardiovascular diseases at baseline has been evaluated.

Clinical Implications of Monogenic Versus Polygenic Hypercholesterolemia: Long-Term Response to Treatment, Coronary Atherosclerosis Burden, and Cardiovascular Events.

Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) may arise from deleterious monogenic variants in FH-causing genes as well as from a polygenic cause. We evaluated the relationships between monogenic FH and polygenic hypercholesterolemia in influencing the long-term response to therapy and the risk of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results A cohort of 370 patients with clinically diagnosed FH were screened for monogenic mutations and a low-density lipoprotein-rising genetic risk score >0.

Screening of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes: high-risk subgroups and areas for improvements-the STRONG observational study.

Aims: To assess the proportion of women with gestational diabetes (GDM) by performing postpartum Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and to identify GDM phenotypes at high-risk of postpartum dysglycemia (PPD).

Methods: Observational, retrospective, multicenter study involving consecutive GDM women. Recursive partitioning (RECPAM) analysis was used to identify distinct and homogeneous subgroups of women at different PPD risk.