2D-SnS-Embedded Schottky Device with Neurotransmitter-Like Functionality Produced Using Proximity Vapor Transfer Method for Photonic Neurocomputing.

Neuromorphic computing, which involves the creation of artificial synapses capable of mimicking biological brain activity, has intrigued researchers in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). To advance neuromorphic computing, a highly efficient 2D material-based artificial synapse capable of performing logical and arithmetic operations must be developed. However, fabricating large, uniform films or high-quality structures of 2D materials remains challenging because of their multistep and complex fabrication processes.

Efficacy of a saline wash plus vancomycin/tobramycin-doped PVA composite (PVA-VAN/TOB-P) in a mouse pouch infection model implanted with 3D-printed porous titanium cylinders.

Aims: The efficacy of saline irrigation for treatment of implant-associated infections is limited in the presence of porous metallic implants. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotic doped bioceramic (vancomycin/tobramycin-doped polyvinyl alcohol composite (PVA-VAN/TOB-P)) after saline wash in a mouse infection model implanted with titanium cylinders.

Methods: Air pouches created in female BalBc mice by subcutaneous injection of air.

Technical Challenges and Morbidity Associated With Removal of an IlluminOss Implant From a Humeral Shaft: A Case Report.

Case: A 77-year-old man experienced acute failure of fixation of his humeral shaft fracture after fixation with IlluminOss photodynamic system stabilization (Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System [PBSS]). Owing to the well-fixed IlluminOss PBSS implant to the humeral intramedullary canal, complete removal was deemed not indicated. Partial implant removal and revision open reduction internal fixation with a proximal humerus plate was performed.

Selective Void Deposition by Continuous, Ultrathin Ag Film Enabled Stable, High-Performance AgNWs-Based Transparent Heaters.

Metallic nanowire-based transparent conductors (MNTCs) are essential to various technologies, including displays, heat-regulating windows, and photo-communication. Hybrid configurations are primarily adopted to design stable, high-functioning MNTCs. Although hybrid MNTCs enhance electrical performance, they often suffer from optical degradation due to losses associated with the hybrid layers.

Cell migration within porous electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in a mouse subcuticular implantation model.

Cellular infiltration into electrospun nanofibers (NFs) is limited due to the dense structure and small pore sizes. We developed a programmed NF collector that can fabricate porous NFs with desired pore sizes and thickness. Previously we demonstrated improved cellular proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and fibroblasts with increased pore sizes of polycaprolactone (PCL) NF in-vitro.

Influence of Porosities of 3D Printed Titanium Implants on the Tensile Properties in a Rat Tendon Repair Model.

Background: There is a desire in orthopaedics to have soft tissue, particularly tendon, grow into metallic implants. With the introduction of three-dimensional (3D) printed porous metal implants, we hypothesized that tendons could directly attach to the implants. However, the effects of the porous metal structure on tissue growth and penetration into the pores are unknown.

Editorial Commentary: Treatment of Large and Massive Rotator Cuff Tear Must Be Based on Individual Patient Indications: Bridging Repair Allows Low-Tension Repair of Irreparable Tears.

Treatment options for large and massive rotator cuff tears, in the setting of failed conservative treatment, include debridement, isolated biceps tenotomy or tenodesis, primary repair, partial repair, subacromial spacer, superior capsular reconstruction, biologic tuberoplasty, bridging reconstruction, tendon transfers, reverse shoulder arthroplasty, and others. Each performs well under optimal indications. Bridging reconstruction performs best in the setting of an irreparable tear of the superior-posterior rotator cuff, with an intact or reparable subscapularis, particularly if the patient has reasonably preserved function/range of motion preoperatively.

The Influence of Preimplant Balancing on Manipulation under Anesthesia Rates following Imageless Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Acquired idiopathic stiffness (AIS) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often requires manipulation under anesthesia (MUA). Robotic-assisted TKA (RA-TKA) systems provide gap balance templates for objective correlation with the rate of AIS. The purpose of this study was to assess intraoperative balancing parameters that were associated with MUA utilizing an "anatomical" implant design.

Economic Studies for Lower-Extremity Joint Arthroplasty: An Example-Based Review.

As health care costs in the United States continue to rise, understanding the various economic studies and what constitutes them will become increasingly important for orthopaedic surgeons. In this review, we discuss the three major types of economics studies and provide examples of each. Cost-effective analyses are the gold standard for economic analyses and allow for the direct comparison of monetary costs and patient-centered outcomes.

How difficult is titanium plate and screw implant removal? A retrospective case series.

Introduction: Titanium implants are commonly used for surgical fixation in orthopedic trauma, and have many benefits compared to stainless steel implants. Despite these benefits, some orthopedic surgeons remain hesitant to use titanium implants due to concerns of difficulty with future implant removal, given concerns with cold-welding and screw strippage. The objective of this study was to assess difficulties associated with titanium plate and screw implant removal.

Therapeutic Efficacy of an Erythromycin-Loaded Coaxial Nanofiber Coating in a Rat Model of -Induced Periprosthetic Joint Infection.

Implant surface nanofiber (NF) coatings represent an alternative way to prevent/treat periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) via local drug release. We developed and characterized a coaxial erythromycin (EM)-doped PLGA/PCL-PVA NF coating. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of EM-NF coatings (EM0, no EM, EM100 (100 mg/mL), and EM1000 (1000 mg/mL) wt/wt) in a rat PJI model.

A comparison of foot fractures relative to other fragility fractures: a review and analysis of the American Orthopaedic Association's Own the Bone Database.

Unlabelled: Evidence regarding the risk factors and characteristics of those with foot fragility fractures compared to non-foot fragility fractures is limited. Foot fragility fracture patients are more likely to be younger female with a higher BMI. A foot fragility fracture is strongly predictive of a subsequent foot fragility fracture.

Efficacy of Commercially Available Irrigation Solutions on Removal of Staphylococcus Aureus and Biofilm From Porous Titanium Implants: An In Vitro Study.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection remains a major problem. The bactericidal efficacy of commercial irrigation solutions for the treatment of infection is not well established in the presence of porous titanium (Ti) implants. This study compared the in vitro efficacy of five irrigation solutions on infected three-dimensional-printed porous Ti discs.

Women in Orthopaedics: 10-Year Trends of Fellowship Match Rate and Subspecialty.

Background: Orthopaedic surgery has consistently remained one of the least diverse specialties in medicine. There are limited data on the match rate by sex into orthopaedic fellowships.

Purpose: The goals of this study were to determine (1) how the percentage of women applying to orthopaedic fellowships has changed from 2011 to 2021, (2) whether there was a correlation between sex and the likelihood of a successful fellowship match, and (3) which subspecialties tend to have a greater proportion of female applicants and fellows.

Effects of Vancomycin/Tobramycin-Doped Ceramic Composite (Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite-Vancomycin/Tobramycin-Polymeric Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate) in a Rat Femur Model Implanted With Contaminated Porous Titanium Cylinders.

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains common and problematic. We hypothesized that using a bioceramic that provided rapid release of the antibiotics (vancomycin [VAN] or VAN and tobramycin [VAN and TOB]) from a polyvinyl-alcohol-composite (PVA) combined with a delayed and sustained antibiotic release from polymeric-dicalcium-phosphate-dihydrate (PDCPD) ceramic would inhibit S. aureus-associated implant infections.

Short-term Comparison of Survivorship and Functional Outcomes for Metaphyseal Cones with Short and Long Stems in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Printed porous titanium metaphyseal cones have become a mainstay for managing bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). A short or long stem is routinely used when implanting a cone to augment fixation and offload stresses. This retrospective analysis compared the short-term survivorships and functional outcomes for use of a short or long stem with a metaphyseal cone.

Transparent integrated pyroelectric-photovoltaic structure for photo-thermo hybrid power generation.

Thermal losses in photoelectric devices limit their energy conversion efficiency, and cyclic input of energy coupled with pyroelectricity can overcome this limit. Here, incorporating a pyroelectric absorber into a photovoltaic heterostructure device enables efficient electricity generation by leveraging spontaneous polarization based on pulsed light-induced thermal changes. The proposed pyroelectric-photovoltaic device outperforms traditional photovoltaic devices by 2.

Industry Payments to Foot and Ankle-Trained Orthopedic Surgeons: An Analysis of the Open Payments Database From 2014 to 2019.

Introduction The authors examined if the transparency in industry payments to foot and ankle-trained orthopedic surgeons resulted in the following changes to the (1) median general payments to surgeons, (2) trend in median payments to surgeons across all subcategory payments, and (3) trend in median payments to surgeons in 11 regions of the United States. Methods A retrospective review of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and Open Payments Database (OPD) was performed to identify all industry payments made by drug and medical device companies to orthopedic surgeons (N = 3,835) between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and trend analyses in annual payments, number of payments to surgeons per year, payment subtypes, and regional distributions were analyzed.

Industry Payments to Orthopedic Surgeons Among All Subspecialties: An Analysis of the Open Payments Database From 2014 to 2019.

Introduction Since the passage of the Physician Payments Sunshine Act in 2010, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) started the National Physician Payment Transparency Program and Open Payments Database (OPD), which allowed for public access to financial disclosures between physicians and industry. Although orthopedic surgeons receive the highest average payments when compared to other specialties, there has been limited data evaluating these payments among the different orthopedic subspecialties. The purpose of this study was to analyze all industry payments made across all subspecialties among orthopedic surgeons.

Management of Grade 1 Open Distal Radius Fractures: A Survey of Practicing Surgeons.

Introduction Standard of care management for open fractures historically mandates emergent systemic antibiotic administration, followed by urgent irrigation and debridement in the operating room, regardless of injury severity. However, significant controversy exists regarding the specific implementation and importance of these commonly accepted guidelines. We aimed to define differences in the management of grade 1 open distal radius fractures.