Mechanisms of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and immunomodulatory action of probiotics bacteria and their secondary metabolites against disease management: an overview.

Probiotics or bacteriotherapy is today's hot issue for public entities (Food and Agriculture Organization, and World Health Organization) as well as health and food industries since Metchnikoff and his colleagues hypothesized the correlation between probiotic consumption and human's health. They contribute to the newest and highly efficient arena of promising biotherapeutics. These are usually attractive in biomedical applications such as gut-related diseases like irritable bowel disease, diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infections, various allergies, parasitic and bacterial infections, viral diseases, and intestinal inflammation, and are also worth immunomodulation.

Self-Redirection of Metabolic Flux Toward Squalene and Ethanol Pathways by Engineered Yeast.

We have previously reported that squalene overproducing yeast self-downregulate the expression of the ethanol pathway (non-essential pathway) to divert the metabolic flux to the squalene pathway. In this study, the effect of co-production of squalene and ethanol on other non-essential pathways (fusel alcohol pathway, FA) of was evaluated. However, before that, 13 constitutive promoters, like and were engineered using transcription factor bindings sites from strong promoters (-300 to -669 bp) and (-300 to -579 bp), and employed to co-overexpress squalene and ethanol pathways in The FSE strain overexpressing the key genes of the squalene pathway accumulated 56.

Legume genomics and transcriptomics: From classic breeding to modern technologies.

Legumes are essential and play a significant role in maintaining food standards and augmenting physiochemical soil properties through the biological nitrogen fixation process. Biotic and abiotic factors are the main factors limiting legume production. Classical breeding methodologies have been explored extensively about the problem of truncated yield in legumes but have not succeeded at the desired rate.

A simultaneous gas feeding and cell-recycled reaction (SGCR) system to achieve biomass boosting and high acetate titer in microbial carbon monoxide fermentation.

This study employed a simultaneous gas feeding and cell-recycled reaction (SGCR) system to ferment CO using Eubacterium limosum KIST612. A bubble column reactor was equipped with an ex-situ hollow fiber membrane module to enable cell recycling. The internal gas circulation rate was adjusted by controlling the pump speed to provide sufficient gas supplement to the microorganism.

Evaluation of the Effect of Atenolol Induced Depression in Cardiac Output on Its Own Excretion through Urine Analysis.

The role of Pharmacist in making the therapeutic decisions for safe and effective therapy is increasing all over the world. However, there are many aspects of drugs in making these decisions that are less commonly studied such as the correlation of cardiac output with pharmacokinetics of drugs. The cardiac output, besides the other factors, is also affected by drugs like atenolol.

Azimuthal Anisotropy of Heavy-Flavor Decay Electrons in p-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV.

Angular correlations between heavy-flavor decay electrons and charged particles at midrapidity (|η|<0.8) are measured in p-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV.

A computational structural analysis of functional attributes of hypodermin A and B proteins: A way forward for vaccine development.

Hypodermosis is a parasitic disease of cattle. The pathogenicity of the disease is attributed to Hypodermin proteins (Hypodermin A, Hypodermin B and Hypodermin C). Studies suggest that Hypodermin proteins may be defined as Serine proteases and collagenases.

Clinical pharmacokinetics of drugs in cardiopulmonary associated cachexia without hepatorenal pathology: a systematic review.

Cachexia not only has a dramatically harmful impact on a patient's life, but also a poor response to therapeutic agents. The purpose of the present review is to provide updated information concerning the pharmacokinetic aspects of drugs used to treat cardiopulmonary cachexia in patients with no signs of hepatic or renal pathology. A systematic search of PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials, Science Direct, and Clinical Trials Registry (ClinicalTrials.

Peptide vaccine against chikungunya virus: immuno-informatics combined with molecular docking approach.

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), causes massive outbreaks of chikungunya infection in several regions of Asia, Africa and Central/South America. Being positive sense RNA virus, CHIKV replication within the host resulting in its genome mutation and led to difficulties in creation of vaccine, drugs and treatment strategies. Vector control strategy has been a gold standard to combat spreading of CHIKV infection, but to eradicate a species from the face of earth is not an easy task.

Pharmacological and phytochemical analysis of Bergenia ciliata leaf and rhizome extracts.

Antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-haemolytic activity of various rhizome extracts of Bergenia ciliata were evaluated in this study. The results showed inhibition of the growth of all selected bacterial and fungal strains in comparison with standard antibiotics. The antioxidant activities of Bergenia ciliata extracts were evaluated against DPPH, H2O2, ABTS, total antioxidant capacity and reducing power assays.

Electrospun nanofibers and spin coated films prepared from side-chain copolymers with chemically bounded platinum (II) porphyrin moieties for oxygen sensing and pressure sensitive paints.

Pressure sensitive paints (PSP) containing oxygen probes were primarily used to measure air pressure. In this perspective, a polymerizable methacrylate-derived tetraphenylporphinato platinum(II) (PtTPP-MA) monomer was copolymerized with acrylic/vinyl monomers to produce four different copolymers. Octafluoropentyl methacrylate (OCFPM) and pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA) were used as fluorinated monomers.

Synthesis, in vitro urease inhibitory activity, and molecular docking studies of thiourea and urea derivatives.

The current study deals with the synthesis of urea and thiourea derivatives 1-37 which were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including FAB-MS, H-, and C NMR. The synthetic compounds were subjected to urease inhibitory activity and compounds exhibited good to moderate urease inhibitory activity having IC values in range of 10.11-69.

Alleviation of cadmium (Cd) toxicity and minimizing its uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by using organic carbon sources in Cd-spiked soil.

Cadmium (Cd)-contamination of agricultural soils has been receiving attention worldwide due to its entry into food crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Little is known regarding the use of organic carbon (OC) sources in alleviating Cd toxicity in cereals.

The Growing Genetic and Functional Diversity of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases.

The -lactams-a large class of diverse compounds-due to their excellent safety profile and broad antimicrobial spectrum are considered to be the most widely used therapeutic class of antibacterials prescribed in human and veterinary clinical practices. This, unfortunately, has also given rise to a continuous increased resistance globally in health care settings as well as in the community due to their permanent selective force driving diversification of the resistance mechanism. Resistance against -lactams is increasing rapidly as novel -lactamases, enzymes that degrade -lactams, are being discovered each day such as recent emergence of extended spectrum -lactamases (ESBL) that have the ability to inactivate most of the cephalosporins.

Bubble coalescence suppression driven carbon monoxide (CO)-water mass transfer increase by electrolyte addition in a hollow fiber membrane bioreactor (HFMBR) for microbial CO conversion to ethanol.

This study investigated the effects of electrolytes (CaCl, KHPO, MgSO, NaCl, and NHCl) on CO mass transfer and ethanol production in a HFMBR. The hollow fiber membranes (HFM) were found to generate tiny gas bubbles; the bubble coalescence was significantly suppressed in electrolyte solution. The volumetric gas-liquid mass transfer coefficients (ka) increased up to 414% compared to the control.

Threats of Zika virus transmission for Asia and its Hindu-Kush Himalayan region.

Asia and its Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region is particularly vulnerable to environmental change, especially climate and land use changes further influenced by rapid population growth, high level of poverty and unsustainable development. Asia has been a hotspot of dengue fever and chikungunya mainly due to its dense human population, unplanned urbanization and poverty. In an urban cycle, dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae.

Botanical-chemical formulations enhanced yield and protection against Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat by inducing the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins.

Two experiments (pot and field experiments) were conducted in two consecutive years to evaluate the protective effects of botanical-chemical formulations on physiological, biochemical performance and grain yield of wheat inoculated with Bipolaris sorokiniana. We compared different formulations comprising Calotropis procera, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Thevetia peruviana extracts, chemical fungicide (mefenoxam) and salicylic acid to modulate the defense system of wheat host plants. Among the selected plant species J.

Multi-Dimensional Scaling based grouping of known complexes and intelligent protein complex detection.

Protein-Protein Interactions (PPI) play a vital role in cellular processes and are formed because of thousands of interactions among proteins. Advancements in proteomics technologies have resulted in huge PPI datasets that need to be systematically analyzed. Protein complexes are the locally dense regions in PPI networks, which extend important role in metabolic pathways and gene regulation.

Photoinduced discharge of electrons stored in a TiO2-MWCNT composite to an analyte: application to the fluorometric determination of hydrogen peroxide, glucose and aflatoxin B1.

The authors describe an analytical detection scheme based on the use of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) that accept and store electrons upon contact with photo-irradiated TiO nanoparticles (TiO-NPs). The Fermi level equilibration with photo-irradiated TiO-NPs has a storage value of 0.35 mM of electrons per 120 mg·L of MWCNTs.

Biocontrol activity of surfactin A purified from Bacillus NH-100 and NH-217 against rice bakanae disease.

The potential of the Bacillus genus to antagonize phytopathogens is associated with the production of cyclic lipopeptides. Depending upon the type of lipopeptide, they may serve as biocontrol agents that are eco-friendly alternatives to chemical fertilizers. This study evaluates the biocontrol activity of surfactin-producing Bacillus (SPB) strains NH-100 and NH-217 and purified surfactin A from these strains against rice bakanae disease.

D-Meson Azimuthal Anisotropy in Midcentral Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s]_{NN}=5.02 TeV.

The azimuthal anisotropy coefficient v_{2} of prompt D^{0}, D^{+}, D^{*+}, and D_{s}^{+} mesons was measured in midcentral (30%-50% centrality class) Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The D mesons were reconstructed via their hadronic decays at midrapidity, |y|<0.

Haplotype analysis of XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: Variants in DNA repair genes may alter the repair mechanisms that make the persons vulnerable to DNA damage. These polymorphic variants in the DNA repair pathway genes, such as XRCC1, have been associated with susceptibility of several types of cancer including thyroid cancer. This study was designed to explore the link between XRCC1 polymorphisms and modulation of thyroid cancer risk.

Particle-sparged anaerobic membrane bioreactor with fluidized polyethylene terephthalate beads for domestic wastewater treatment: Modelling approach and fouling control.

The study presents a mathematical model developed to better understand and control membrane fouling in a single-staged, anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) beads as scouring media. The model was based on combining the anaerobic biological model AM2b and a fouling model applied in membrane filtration. The presented model was validated using experimental data obtained by a laboratory scaled AFMBR reactor run during 250 d under various operational conditions.