Ganglioside GA2-mediated caspase-11 activation drives macrophage pyroptosis aggravating intimal hyperplasia after arterial injury.

Intimal hyperplasia (IH) remains a significant clinical problem, causing vascular intervention failure. This study aimed to elucidate whether gangliosides GA2 accumulated in atherosclerotic mouse aortae and plasma promote the development of IH. We identified that GA2 was remarkably accumulated in both artery and plasma of atherosclerotic patients and mice.

Mechanical stretch-induced IGF2 overexpression in epidermal keratinocytes promotes hypertrophic scar formation through the IGF1R/p-c-Jun axis.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a mitogenic peptide hormone expressed by various tissues. Although it is three times more abundant in serum than IGF1, its physiological and pathological roles are yet to be fully understood. Previous transcriptome sequencing studies have shown that IGF2 expression is increased in hypertrophic scar (HS); however, its role in HS formation and the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Tail Fin Regeneration in Zebrafish: The Role of Non-canonical Crosstalk Between STAT3 and Vitamin D Pathway.

Stat3 is a transcription factor with a key role in cell proliferation and migration. Using the zebrafish line we showed that the genetic ablation results in a marked decrease of tail fin regrowth, demonstrating that this transcription factor is fundamental in the regeneration process. Stat3 activity is finely modulated by post-translational modifications that occur in several residues of the protein (i.

The modulation of calcium and chloride channels induces cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells.

Ion channels play a crucial role in cardiac functions, and their activities exhibit dynamic changes during heart development. However, the precise function of ion channels in human heart development remains elusive. In this study, we utilized human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) as a model to mimic the process of human embryonic heart development.

Helicobacter Pylori-induced BRD2 mA modification sensitizes gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy by breaking FLIP/Caspase-8 homeostasis.

Chemoresistance severely deteriorates the prognosis of advanced gastric cancer (GC) patients. Several studies demonstrated that (HP)-positive GC patients showed better outcomes after receiving chemotherapy than HP-negative ones. This study aims to confirm the role of HP in GC chemotherapy and to study the underlying mechanisms.

Use of a Personalized Clinical Decision Support System for Dosing in Psychopharmacotherapy in Patients with Alcoholic Hallucinosis Based on Pharmacogenomic Markers.

Introduction: Alcoholic hallucinosis (AH) is one of the severe complications of chronic alcoholism, characterized by psychotic symptoms such as auditory hallucinations and delusions. Haloperidol is widely used to treat AH; however, its therapy is often complicated by side effects. A personalized approach using pharmacogenetic testing (particularly the CYP2D6 polymorphism) allows individualization of haloperidol dosage, improving both safety and efficacy of therapy.

Distinct chromosomal mutation associated with cefiderocol resistance in : a combined bioinformatics and mass spectrometry approach to unveil and validate the -acquired chemoresistance.

is a significant public health concern due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Cefiderocol (FDC), a novel siderophore cephalosporin, has shown promise as a last-line treatment for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, the emergence of -acquired FDC-resistant strains highlights the need for advanced tools to identify resistance-associated genomic mutations and address the challenges of FDC susceptibility testing.

Plant and soil microbial composition legacies following indaziflam herbicide treatment.

Land stewards in dryland ecosystems across the western U.S. face challenges to manage the exotic grass (cheatgrass), which is a poor forage, is difficult to remove, and increases risk of catastrophic fire.

A novel approach for efficient co-expression of two foreign genes based on the reverse genetic system of Newcastle disease virus.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an ideal model for exploring the mechanisms of the virus; it is also an optimal vector for developing vector vaccines and for cancer therapy. A reverse genetic system of NDV Mukteswar strain controlled by eukaryotic cellular RNA polymerase II promoter was established by reverse genetics technology. Based on the reverse genetic system, an open reading frame of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene be inserted between the P and M genes of the viral genome and flanked with the gene start (GS) sequence and gene end (GE) sequence to form an independent transcription unit.

The fungal gut microbiota in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.

Evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may play a role in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the majority of the studies have focused on gut bacterial communities; none have examined the fungal microbiota (mycobiota) in persons with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS). We examined the gut mycobiota in persons with and without POMS through a cross-sectional examination of the gut mycobiota from 46 participants' stool samples (three groups: 18 POMS, 13 acquired monophasic demyelinating syndromes [monoADS], and 15 unaffected controls).

The impact of interactions between heavy metals and smoking exposures on the formation of oral microbial communities.

Introduction: The primary objective of our investigation was to assess the repercussions of prolonged exposure to heavy metals and smoking on the microbiome of the oral buccal mucosa. Concurrently, we aimed to elucidate the intricate interplay between external environmental exposures and the composition of the oral microbial ecosystem, thereby discerning its potential implications for human health.

Methods: Our study cohort was stratified into four distinct groups: MS (characterized by concurrent exposure to heavy metals and smoking), M (exposed solely to heavy metals), S (exposed solely to smoking), and C (comprising individuals serving as a control group).

Whole genome analysis, detoxification of ochratoxin a and physiological characterization of a novel MM35 isolated from soil.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a significant global contaminant that poses severe challenges to food safety and public health. This study aims to isolate the OTA-degrated probiotics and evaluate genetic and biological characteristic. Here, The degradation rate of a new strain named MM35 isolated from soil was the highest (87.

The long-term effect of social, educational, and health expenditures on indicators of life expectancy: an empirical analysis for the OECD countries.

Life expectancy provides insights into population health and the socio-economic development level of a country. However, there has been a significant gap in life expectancy between developed and underdeveloped countries, although these countries and international institutions have focused on reducing these inequalities. This article explores the long-term effects of social, educational, and health expenditures together with GDP on indicators of life expectancy in the OECD states over the period of 2005-2021 through second-generation cointegration analysis.

Development of a complex intervention to prevent complications in patients recovering at home after transcatheter aortic valve replacement by optimizing home-based cardiac rehabilitation processes: a Delphi study.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically develop a nurse-led complex intervention to enhance the quality of and adherence to home-based cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) care for patients who have undergone transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The intervention integrated stakeholder perspectives, expert insights, empirical evidence, and theoretical frameworks.

Methods: We initially searched for initial cardiac rehabilitation strategies based on the "Behavior Change Wheel" model and literature review.

Evaluation of a newer (1, 3)-β-D-glucan chemiluminescent immunoassay for invasive candidiasis: A study from a tertiary care center.

Background And Purpose: Invasive candidiasis (IC) in the hospitalized population is one of the leading causes of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Microbiological diagnosis of IC suffers due to poor sensitivity of blood culture and relative inaccessibility to more sensitive modalities. (1, 3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) is a cell wall polysaccharide found in a range of fungi.

Enteral Feeding in Patients With Open Abdomen and Negative Pressure Therapy: A Propensity Score Analysis.

Introduction: In critically ill surgical patients treated with open abdomen and negative pressure therapy (OA/NPT), the association between nutritional support and clinical outcome is still controversial. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of enteral nutritional support during the acute phase (i.e.

Neurochallenges in smart cities: state-of-the-art, perspectives, and research directions.

Smart city development is a complex, transdisciplinary challenge that requires adaptive resource use and context-aware decision-making practices to enhance human functionality and capabilities while respecting societal and environmental rights, and ethics. There is an urgent need for action in cities, particularly to (i) enhance the health and wellbeing of urban residents while ensuring inclusivity in urban development (e.g.

Effects of leaf scorch on photosynthetic characteristics, fruit yield, and quality of walnuts.

The consequences of walnut ( L.) leaf scorch (WLS) were studied using the cultivated varieties, Wen185 ( 'Wen 185') and Xinxin2 ( 'Xinxin2') in the Aksu region, Xinjiang, China. Photosynthetic parameters and indoor chemical analysis were used to determine the variations in photosynthetic characteristics, osmotic regulatory substances, antioxidant enzyme activities, and changes in fruit yield and quality between diseased and healthy leaves.

Depressive Symptoms and Violence Perpetration: Examining the Moderating Influence of Reward Sensitivity and Emotional Reactivity in Community Adults at Elevated Risk for Violent Behavior.

There is growing interest in understanding whether, and under what circumstances, depression confers risk for violence perpetration. To address these questions, we examined whether major depressive disorder (MDD) symptoms correlated with violence perpetration beyond co-occurring externalizing psychopathology, and whether individual differences in reward and emotional reactivity modified depression-violence associations. In a sample of 480 community adults ( =32.

Study of Fibrinogen Albumin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Its Correlation With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that imposes significant complications, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). DPN is characterized by marked inflammation, and the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) is one of the new markers for systemic inflammation, it has been used in various diabetic micro- and macro-vascular complications. The present study investigates the association between FAR and nerve conduction abnormalities in T2DM patients with DPN.

Mortality and Pulmonary Complications of Post-stroke Dysphagia: A Casuistic Review of an Acute Stroke Unit.

Introduction: Dysphagia is a common post-stroke neurological disorder. Early screening for dysphagia can identify patients at risk of aspiration, thereby reducing the occurrence of pulmonary complications, morbidity, and mortality in this population.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the impact of an intervention in a stroke unit, following a retrospective study carried out in the same unit in 2020, which investigated the association between dysphagia and acute cerebrovascular disease and analyzed the prevalence of readmissions due to respiratory tract infections (RTI) and mortality.

A Narrative Review of Combat Sports Injuries With a Particular Focus on Cervical Spine Injuries.

Combat sports encompass a wide range of disciplines, each associated with distinct injury patterns and mechanisms. From karate to wrestling, athletes face varying degrees of injury risks, with common clinical presentations including head injuries, strains, sprains, fractures, and concussions. These injuries often result from dynamic movements, physical contact, and high-impact collisions inherent to combat sports.

The Determinants of Long-Term Outcomes After Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Literature Review.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy associated with high mortality. Surgical care is an effective colorectal cancer management technique, and it is therefore crucial that a review of the determinants of patients' long-term outcomes after CRC surgery is conducted. This article aims to provide healthcare professionals and policymakers with insights into the determinants of long-term outcomes following CRC surgery while acknowledging the interconnected impact of the early recovery and post-operative periods.

Wide Awake Local Anaesthesia No Tourniquet Surgery of the Foot and Ankle: A Review of Indications, Technique, Patient Satisfaction, and Complications.

Wide-awake surgery of the hand was surrounded by a lot of apprehension, mainly over concerns around using epinephrine near digits and its potential to cause digital ischemia and necrosis. With multiple reports underlining its safety and effectiveness, it is now being widely adopted in hand and wrist surgery. The British Society for Surgery of the Hand has already published guidelines on operating outside of main theatres, with an emphasis on wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT).

Advanced Trauma Care With Tricalcium Phosphate Bone Grafts for Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Report of Three Cases.

Advances in implants and biological therapies have significantly improved trauma care, offering surgeons a variety of solutions for complex cases. This study evaluates the outcomes of three patients with complex Schatzker type V tibial plateau fractures, treated with open reduction and internal fixation supplemented by tricalcium phosphate bone void filler. The surgical approach was selected based on the specific fracture pattern.