Long-Term Post-Stroke Cognition in Patients With Minor Ischemic Stroke is Related to Tract-Based Disconnection Induced by White Matter Hyperintensities.

Over a third of minor stroke patients experience post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI), but no validated tools exist to identify at-risk patients early. This study investigated whether disconnection features derived from infarcts and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) could serve as markers for short- and long-term cognitive decline in first-ever minor ischemic stroke patients. First-ever minor ischemic stroke patients (NIHSS ≤ 7) were prospectively followed at 72-h, 6 months, and 36 months post-stroke with cognitive tests and brain MRI.

Negative gas adsorption transitions and pressure amplification phenomena in porous frameworks.

Nanoporous solids offer a wide range of functionalities for industrial, environmental, and energy applications. However, only a limited number of porous materials are responsive, the nanopore dynamically alters its size and shape in response to external stimuli such as temperature, pressure, light or the presence of specific molecular stimuli adsorbed inside the voids deforming the framework. Adsorption-induced structural deformation of porous solids can result in unique counterintuitive phenomena.

Instar identification and weight prediction of (Guenée) larvae using machine learning.

The Asian corn borer, (Guenée), emerges as a significant threat to maize cultivation, inflicting substantial damage upon the crops. Particularly, its larval stage represents a critical point characterised by significant economic consequences on maize yield. To manage the infestation of this pest effectively, timely and precise identification of its larval stages is required.

Multiomic analyses direct hypotheses for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease risk genes.

Prions are assemblies of misfolded prion protein that cause several fatal and transmissible neurodegenerative diseases, with the most common phenotype in humans being sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). Aside from variation of the prion protein itself, molecular risk factors are not well understood. Prion and prion-like mechanisms are thought to underpin common neurodegenerative disorders meaning that the elucidation of mechanisms could have broad relevance.

Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses Drive One-Third of Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Are Not Mutually Exclusive for Gene Mutations.

Background: The detection rate of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) in sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas (SNSCCs) varies among studies. The mutational landscape of SNSCCs remains poorly investigated.

Methods: We investigated the prevalence and prognostic significance of HPV infections based on p16 protein expression, HPV-DNA detection, and E6/E7 mRNA expression using immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization, respectively.

The New HLA-B*44:384 Allele Characterised by Two Different Sequencing-Based Typing Techniques.

The new allele HLA-B*44:384 differs from HLA-B*44:02:01:01 by one non-synonymous nucleotide substitution in exon 2.

The Novel HLA-DQA1*02:39 Allele Characterised by Two Different Sequencing-Based Typing Techniques.

The novel allele HLA-DQA1*02:39 differs from HLA-DQA1*02:01:01:01 by one non-synonymous nucleotide substitution in exon 2.

The New HLA-DRB1*07:159 Allele Characterised by Two Different Sequencing-Based Typing Techniques.

The novel HLA-DRB1*07:159 allele differs from HLA-DRB1*07:01:01:01 by one non-synonymous nucleotide substitution in exon 2.

Altered medial temporal lobe subregion volumes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often presents with neuropsychiatric (NP) involvement, including cognitive impairment and depression. Past magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research in SLE patients showed smaller hippocampal volumes but did not investigate other medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions. Our study aims to compare MTL subregional volumes in SLE patients to healthy individuals (HI) and explore MTL subregional volumes in relation to neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) manifestations.

p53-loss induced prostatic epithelial cell plasticity and invasion is driven by a crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment.

Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a slow progression and a highly variable clinical outcome. The tumor suppressor genes PTEN and TP53 are frequently mutated in prostate cancer and are predictive of early metastatic dissemination and unfavorable patient outcomes. The progression of solid tumors to metastasis is often associated with increased cell plasticity, but the complex events underlying TP53-loss-induced disease aggressiveness remain incompletely understood.

Impacts of irrigation expansion on moist-heat stress based on IRRMIP results.

Irrigation rapidly expanded during the 20 century, affecting climate via water, energy, and biogeochemical changes. Previous assessments of these effects predominantly relied on a single Earth System Model, and therefore suffered from structural model uncertainties. Here we quantify the impacts of historical irrigation expansion on climate by analysing simulation results from six Earth system models participating in the Irrigation Model Intercomparison Project (IRRMIP).

Temperature seasonality regulates organic carbon burial in lake.

Organic carbon burial (OCB) in lakes, a critical component of the global carbon cycle, surpasses that in oceans, yet its response to global warming and associated feedbacks remains poorly understood. Using a well-dated biomarker sequence from the southern Tibetan Plateau and a comprehensive analysis of Holocene total organic carbon variations in lakes across the region, here we demonstrate that lake OCB significantly declined throughout the Holocene, closely linked to changes in temperature seasonality. Process-based land surface model simulations clarified the key impact of temperature seasonality on OCB in lakes: increased seasonality in the early Holocene saw warmer summers enhancing ecosystem productivity and organic matter deposition, while cooler winters improved organic matter preservation.

Mucus-penetrating microbiota drive chronic low-grade intestinal inflammation and metabolic dysregulation.

Metabolic syndrome is, in humans, associated with alterations in the composition and localization of the intestinal microbiota, including encroachment of bacteria within the colon's inner mucus layer. Possible promoters of these events include dietary emulsifiers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polysorbate-80 (P80), which, in mice, result in altered microbiota composition, encroachment, low-grade inflammation and metabolic syndrome. While assessments of gut microbiota composition have largely focused on fecal/luminal samples, we hypothesize an outsized role for changes in mucus microbiota in driving low-grade inflammation and its consequences.

Nuclear calcium signaling in D1 receptor-expressing neurons of the nucleus accumbens regulates molecular, cellular and behavioral adaptations to cocaine.

Background: The persistence of cocaine-evoked adaptations relies on gene regulations within the reward circuit, especially in the ventral striatum (i.e., nucleus accumbens (NAc)).

Temporal dynamics of the soil resistome and microbiome irrigated with treated wastewater containing clarithromycin.

Clarithromycin, a common antibiotic found in domestic wastewater, persists even after treatment and can transfer to soils when treated wastewater (TWW) is used for irrigation. This residual antibiotic may exert selection pressure, promoting the spread of antibiotic resistance. While Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNECs) are used in liquid media to predict resistance risks, PNEC values for soils, especially for clarithromycin, are lacking.

A 15 month-monitoring of biofouling in relationship with hydrological parameters and contaminants in three French harbours of the English Channel.

Three French harbours connected to different water masses of the English Channel were chosen to investigate the hydrological parameters, chemical contaminants, and biofouling characteristics for 15 months. The biofouling development on two kinds of coatings, an anticorrosion coating (Epoxy) and a foul-release coating (FRC), was studied to compare micro- and macro- biofouling in harbour environments. Biofouling was investigated by considering wet biofouling biomass and composition, microalgae concentration, and bacterial abundance.

Additive-free 3D-printed nanostructured carboxymethyl cellulose aerogels.

3D printing of polysaccharide solutions is widely recognized as a highly promising method in the biomedical field for achieving complex customized shapes. One of the main challenges is in selecting conditions, in particular, the rheological properties of the system, to retain the printed shape. For the first time, the direct ink writing (DIW) is successfully applied to neat carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solutions without any additives or crosslinking, only by adjusting solutions' rheological properties.

Dual role of Xenopus Odf2 in multiciliated cell patterning and differentiation.

In developing tissues, the number, position, and differentiation of cells must be coordinately controlled to ensure the emergence of physiological function. The epidermis of the Xenopus embryo contains thousands of uniformly distributed multiciliated cells (MCCs), which grow hundreds of coordinately polarized cilia that beat vigorously to generate superficial water flow. Using this model, we uncovered a dual role for the conserved centriolar component Odf2, in MCC apical organization at the cell level, and in MCC spatial distribution at the tissue level.

Impact of circulating lymphocyte kinetics following radiotherapy on patient survival: A model-based meta-analysis.

Introduction: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) has been shown to adversely affect the prognosis of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT). This model-based meta-analysis investigated the prognostic significance of lymphocyte counts both early and late after RT and examined the dose‒response relationship between post-RT lymphocyte levels and patient survival.

Methods: A literature search of published articles on the effect of RIL on cancer prognosis was conducted using the PubMed and Cochrane databases.

Unsupervised segmentation of heart sounds from abrupt changes detection.

Background And Objective: Heart auscultation enables early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Automated segmentation of cardiograms into fundamental heart states can guide physicians to analyze the patient's condition more effectively. In this work, we propose an unsupervised method of segmentation into heart sounds and silences based on the detection of abrupt changes in the signal.

Comparison of cadmium pathways in a high Cd accumulating cultivar versus a low Cd accumulating cultivar of Theobroma cacao L.

Understanding cadmium (Cd) pathways in cacao trees is critical for developing Cd mitigation strategies. This study investigates whether Cd uptake and translocation mechanisms differ between a low and a high Cd-accumulating cacao cultivar. We sampled three replicate trees of each cultivar, and a grafted cultivar that shared the same scion as the low Cd accumulator but had a different rootstock.

Structural and functional responses of soil fungal and bacterial communities to a lithium contamination gradient.

The use of lithium (Li) in decarbonization strategies has positioned it as a central component of modern technological advances, particularly in battery applications. However, the increasing demand for Li has raised concerns about its environmental consequences, which are poorly documented. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap by examining the impact of Li on soil bacterial/fungal communities.

Development and characterization of farnesol complexed in β- and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and their antibacterial activity.

Farnesol (FAR) belongs to terpenes group and is a sesquiterpene alcohol and a hydrophobic compound, which can be extracted from natural sources or obtained by organic chemical or biological synthesis. Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology allow the drawbacks of low drug solubility, which can improve the drug therapeutic index. Therefore, this study aimed to prepare the FAR inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) through freeze-drying method, proposing their physicochemical characterization, comparing their toxicity, and evaluating their in vitro antibacterial activity.

Individualized total knee arthroplasty achieves better functional results than off-the-shelf implants in patients undergoing personalized coronal alignment.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated the interest in patient-specific custom cutting guides in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but clinical improvement remains debated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes (Forgotten Joint Score, FJS) of patients undergoing individualized TKA compared with those receiving off-the-shelf (OTS) implants, both using patient-specific cutting guides with personalized alignment over a minimum follow up period of 12 months. We hypothesized that individualized TKA demonstrates significantly better functional outcomes than OTS TKA (FJS and percentage of patients reaching the minimum clinically important difference).

A branching model for intergenerational telomere length dynamics.

We build and study an individual based model of the telomere length's evolution in a population across multiple generations. This model is a continuous time typed branching process, where the type of an individual includes its gamete mean telomere length and its age. We study its Malthusian's behaviour and provide numerical simulations to understand the influence of biologically relevant parameters.