Enhancing Biomechanical Simulations Based on a Posteriori Error Estimates: The Potential of Dual-Weighted Residual-Driven Adaptive Mesh Refinement.

The finite-element method (FEM) is a well-established procedure for computing approximate solutions to deterministic engineering problems described by partial differential equations. FEM produces discrete approximations of the solution with a discretisation error that can be quantified with a posteriori error estimates. The practical relevance of error estimates for biomechanics problems, especially for soft tissue where the response is governed by large strains, is rarely addressed.

Harnessing Multi-Center-2-Electron Bonds for Carbene Metal-Hydride Nanocluster Catalysis.

N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands possess the ability to stabilize metal-based nanomaterials for a broad range of applications. With respect to metal-hydride nanomaterials, however, carbenes are rare, which is surprising if one considers the importance of metal-hydride bonds across the chemical sciences. In this study, we introduce a bottom-up approach leveraging preexisting metal-metal m-center-n-electron (mc-ne) bonds to access a highly stable cyclic(alkyl)amino carbene (CAAC) copper-hydride nanocluster, [(CAAC)6Cu14H12][OTf]2 with superior stability compared to Stryker's reagent, a popular commercial phosphine-based copper hydride catalyst.

Estimation of light utilisation and antioxidative protection in an alpine plant species (Soldanella alpina L.) during the leaf life cycle at high elevation.

Photosynthesis, electron transport to carbon assimilation, photorespiration and alternative electron transport, light absorption of the two photosystems, antioxidative protection and pigment contents were investigated in S. alpina leaves. S.

Advancing biomonitoring of eDNA studies with the Anaconda R package: Integrating soil and One Health perspectives in the face of evolving traditional agriculture practices.

Soil health and One Health are global concerns, necessitating the development of refined indicators for effective monitoring. In response, we present the Anaconda R Package, a novel tool designed to enhance the analysis of eDNA data for biomonitoring purposes. Employing a combination of different approaches, this package allows for a comprehensive investigation of species abundance and community composition under diverse conditions.

Physiological and behavioral stability of newborns on therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy during parental holding.

Background: Physical separation contributes to parental trauma and poor bonding in the context of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Parental holding (PH) may improve parents' experience. We aim to determine the physiological and behavioral stability of the newborn held by the parents during TH.

The shift of attention: Salience modulates the local vs global processing of auditory scenes in musicians and non-musicians.

This study addresses how salience shapes the perceptual organization of an auditory scene. A psychophysical task that was introduced previously by Susini, Jiaouan, Brunet, Houix, and Ponsot [(2020). Sci.

Recording Lineage History with Cellular Barcodes in the Mammary Epithelium and in Breast Cancer.

Lineage tracing methods have extensively advanced our understanding of physiological cell behaviour in vivo and in situ and have vastly contributed to decipher the phylogeny and cellular hierarchies during normal and tumour development. In recent years, increasingly complex systems have been developed to track thousands of cells within a given tissue or even entire organisms. Cellular barcoding comprises all techniques designed to genetically label single cells with unique DNA sequences or with a combination of fluorescent proteins, in order to trace their history and lineage production in space and time.

Respiratory failure as main presentation sign of MAPT-related disorder.

Introduction: The MAPT gene encodes Tau, a protein mainly expressed by neurons. Tau protein plays an important role in cerebral microtubule polymerization and stabilization, in axonal transport and synaptic plasticity. Heterozygous pathogenic variation in MAPT are involved in a spectrum of autosomal dominant neurodegenerative diseases known as taupathies, including Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, fronto-temporal dementia, cortico-basal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy.

Relationship between additional mutations at diagnosis and treatment response in patients with essential thrombocythemia.

Patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) have a chronic evolution with a risk of hematological transformation associated with a dismal outcome. Since patients with resistance or intolerance have an adverse prognosis, it is important to identify which patient will respond to first-line treatment. We therefore aim to describe the association between additional mutations and response to first-line treatment in patients with ET.

A single microfluidic device for multi-omics analysis sample preparation.

Combining different "omics" approaches, such as genomics and proteomics, is necessary to generate a detailed and complete insight into microbiome comprehension. Proper sample collection and processing and accurate analytical methods are crucial in generating reliable data. We previously developed the ChipFilter device for proteomic analysis of microbial samples.

Once-weekly IcoSema versus once-weekly semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: the COMBINE 2 randomised clinical trial.

Aims/hypothesis: COMBINE 2 assessed the efficacy and safety of once-weekly IcoSema (a combination therapy of basal insulin icodec and semaglutide) vs once-weekly semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue) 1.0 mg in individuals with type 2 diabetes inadequately managed with GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy, with or without additional oral glucose-lowering medications.

Methods: This 52 week, randomised, multicentre, open-label, parallel group, Phase IIIa trial was conducted across 121 sites in 13 countries/regions.

Recommendations for mitochondria transfer and transplantation nomenclature and characterization.

Intercellular mitochondria transfer is an evolutionarily conserved process in which one cell delivers some of their mitochondria to another cell in the absence of cell division. This process has diverse functions depending on the cell types involved and physiological or disease context. Although mitochondria transfer was first shown to provide metabolic support to acceptor cells, recent studies have revealed diverse functions of mitochondria transfer, including, but not limited to, the maintenance of mitochondria quality of the donor cell and the regulation of tissue homeostasis and remodelling.

Spatio-temporal risk prediction of leptospirosis: A machine-learning-based approach.

Background: Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease prevalent worldwide, particularly in tropical regions experiencing frequent rainfall and severe cyclones, which are further aggravated by climate change. This bacterial zoonosis, caused by the Leptospira genus, can be transmitted through contaminated water and soil. The Pacific islands bear a high burden of leptospirosis, making it crucial to identify key factors influencing its distribution.

Scenarios for the emergence of new miRNA genes in the plant Arabidopsis halleri.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are central players of the regulation of gene expression in Eukaryotes. The repertoires of miRNA genes vary drastically even among closely related species, indicating that they are evolutionarily labile. However, the processes by which they originate over the course of evolution and the nature of their progenitors across the genome remain poorly understood.

Mitotic chromatin marking governs the segregation of DNA damage.

The faithful segregation of intact genetic material and the perpetuation of chromatin states through mitotic cell divisions are pivotal for maintaining cell function and identity across cell generations. However, most exogenous mutagens generate long-lasting DNA lesions that are segregated during mitosis. How this segregation is controlled is unknown.

Rationally designed universal passivator for high-performance single-junction and tandem perovskite solar cells.

Interfacial trap-assisted nonradiative recombination hampers the development of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we report a rationally designed universal passivator to realize highly efficient and stable single junction and tandem PSCs. Multiple defects are simultaneously passivated by the synergistic effect of anion and cation.

Unravelling the nonlinear generation of designer vortices with dielectric metasurfaces.

Vortex beams are currently drawing a great deal of interest, from fundamental research to several promising applications. While their generation in bulky optical devices limits their use in integrated complex systems, metasurfaces have recently proven successful in creating optical vortices, especially in the linear regime. In the nonlinear domain, of strategic importance for the future of classical and quantum information, to date orbital angular momentum has only been created in qualitative ways, without discussing discrepancies between design and experimental results.

Expression of concern: Nanocrystalline starch grafted palladium(II) complex for the Mizoroki-Heck reaction.

Expression of concern for 'Nanocrystalline starch grafted palladium(II) complex for the Mizoroki-Heck reaction' by Sanny Verma , , 2013, , 14454-14459, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3DT51685G.

Isotope effects in Eley-Rideal abstraction of hydrogen from tungsten surfaces: the role of dissipation.

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the influence of isotope substitutions on the Eley-Rideal recombination dynamics of hydrogen isotopes from the (100) and (110) surfaces of tungsten. Dissipation of electrons and phonons is taken into account by, respectively, the local density friction approximation and the general Langevin oscillator, effective models which have been intensively used in recent years. As the coupling to surface phonons and electrons might be altered by the mass combination, the main objective of the paper is to assess the role of dissipation to the surface in the course of abstraction.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) gB dictates a low-pH endocytotic entry pathway as revealed by a dual-fluorescent virus system and a rhesus monkey rhadinovirus expressing KSHV gB.

Interaction with host cell receptors initiates internalization of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) particles. Fusion of viral and host cell membranes, which is followed by release of the viral capsid into the cytoplasm, is executed by the core fusion machinery composed of glycoproteins H (gH), L (gL), and B (gB), that is common to all herpesviruses. KSHV infection has been shown to be sensitive to inhibitors of vacuolar acidification, suggestive of low pH as a fusion trigger.

Structural characterization of the ACDC domain from ApiAP2 proteins, a potential molecular target against apicomplexan parasites.

The apicomplexan AP2 (ApiAP2) proteins are the best characterized family of DNA-binding proteins in Plasmodium spp. malaria parasites. Apart from the AP2 DNA-binding domain, there is little sequence similarity between ApiAP2 proteins.

CausalXtract, a flexible pipeline to extract causal effects from live-cell time-lapse imaging data.

Live-cell microscopy routinely provides massive amounts of time-lapse images of complex cellular systems under various physiological or therapeutic conditions. However, this wealth of data remains difficult to interpret in terms of causal effects. Here, we describe CausalXtract, a flexible computational pipeline that discovers causal and possibly time-lagged effects from morphodynamic features and cell-cell interactions in live-cell imaging data.

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Prognostic and Diagnostic Assessments in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Scoping Review.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a major public health concern worldwide, associated with high risk of mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular and adverse limb events. Despite significant advances in both medical and interventional therapies, PAD often remains under-diagnosed, and the prognosis of patients can be difficult to predict. Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought a wide range of opportunities to improve the management of cardiovascular diseases, from advanced imaging analysis to machine-learning (ML)-based predictive models, and medical data management using natural language processing (NLP).