Removal of Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate from groundwater by sodium persulfate activated by hollow micron zero-valent iron: Reaction mechanism and degradation path.

In this study, hollow micron zero-valent iron (H-mZVI) was prepared using the ethylenediamine liquid phase reduction method. The microstructures were characterized by SEM, XRD, BET and FTIR. The results showed that H-mZVI possessed a spherical hollow structure with a particle size of approximately 1 μm.

Analysis of Microbial Community Heterogeneity and Carbon Fixation Capabilities in Oil-Contaminated Soils in Chinese Onshore Oilfields.

This study selected 27 soil samples from four representative horizontally distributed onshore oilfields in China to explore the diversity of soil microbial communities and their carbon fixation capacity, with a focus on the potential interaction between pollution and carbon fixation under oil pollution stress. The analysis of the soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structures from these oilfield samples confirmed a clear biogeographic isolation effect, indicating spatial heterogeneity in the microbial communities. Additionally, the key factors influencing microbial community composition differed across regions.

Performance evaluation and microbial community succession analysis of co-composting treatment of refinery waste activated sludge.

Refinery waste activated sludge (RWAS) is riched in organic matter with energy recovery value, while unique petroleum components in RWAS may pose challenges to the recycling process. Aerobic composting technology is an effective means of organic solid waste resource treatment, which can convert organic solid waste into fertilizer for agriculture. This study explores the effect of petroleum components on the performance of RWAS composting by co-composting it with chicken manure.

A tartaric acid (TA)-coated iron-based biochar as heterogeneous fenton catalyst for enhanced degradation of dibutyl phthalate.

Iron-biochar composite is a promising catalyst in Fenton-like system for removal of organic pollutants. Nevertheless, low cycling rate of Fe(III)/Fe(II), high iron leaching and low HO utilization efficiency impedes its application. Herein, a iron-based biochar (C-Fe) coated with tartaric acid (TA) was synthesized.

Supported Au single atoms and nanoparticles on MoS for highly selective CO-to-CHCOOH photoreduction.

Effectively controlling the selective conversion of CO photoreduction to C products presents a significant challenge. Here, we develop a heterojunction photocatalyst by controllably implanting Au nanoparticles and single atoms into unsaturated Mo atoms of edge-rich MoS, denoted as Au/Au-CMS. Photoreduction of CO results in the production of CHCOOH with a selectivity of 86.

Utilizing a optimized method for evaluating vapor recovery equipment control efficiency and estimating evaporative VOC emissions from urban oil depots via an extensive survey.

As an important intermediary between upstream refineries and downstream urban gas stations, volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from urban oil depots were often disregarded, underestimating their environmental and health implications. An extensive investigation of urban depots' fuel composition and operational dynamics was conducted nationwide. We developed a novel approach that integrates theoretical models with easily measurable operational data from the depots to evaluate the efficiency of post-treatment devices in actual situations.

Survival strategies and assembly mechanisms of microbial communities in petroleum-contaminated soils.

This study analyzed petroleum-contaminated soils from south and north locations in China to explore the structure, diversity, functional genes and assembly processes of microbial communities' . Compared with soils from south locations, soils from northern regions exhibited elevated pH, total nitrogen (TN), and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) levels. Among these, TN and TPH were the most influential on the microbial community.

Development of an effective QSAR-based hazard threshold prediction model for the ecological risk assessment of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.

The insufficient hazard thresholds of specific individual aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (AHCs) with diverse structures limit their ecological risk assessment. Thus, herein, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for estimating the hazard threshold of AHCs were developed based on the hazardous concentration for 5% of species (HC) determined using the optimal species sensitivity distribution models and on the molecular descriptors calculated via the PADEL software and ORCA software. Results revealed that the optimal QSAR model, which involved eight descriptors, namely, Zagreb, GATS2m, VR3_Dzs, AATSC2s, GATS2c, ATSC2i, ω, and V, displayed excellent performance, as reflected by an optimal goodness of fit (R = 0.

A New Methodology for High Spatiotemporal Resolution Measurements of Air Volatile Organic Compounds: From Sampling to Data Deconvolution.

Monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air is crucial for understanding their atmospheric impacts and advancing their emission reduction plans. This study presents an innovative integrated methodology suitable for achieving semireal-time high spatiotemporal resolution three-dimensional measurements of VOCs from ground to hundreds of meters above ground. The methodology integrates an active AirCore sampler, custom-designed for deployment from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for sample analysis, and a data deconvolution algorithm for improved time resolution for measurements of multiple VOCs in air.

Synthesis of iron-manganese bimetallic materials supported by activated carbon and application of activated persulfate in the degradation of soil contaminated by crude oil.

Heterogeneous catalytic processes based on zero-valent iron (ZVI) have been developed to treat soil and wastewater pollutants. However, the agglomeration of ZVI reduces its ability to activate persulfate (PS). In this study, a new Fe-Mn@AC activated material was prepared to activated PS to treat oil-contaminated soil, and using the microscopic characterization of Fe-Mn@AC materials, the electron transfer mode during the Fe-Mn@AC activation of PS was clarified.

The methods for improving the biodegradability of oily sludge: a critical review.

Biological degradation method, as an environmentally friendly, low-carbon, and clean pollution treatment technology, is widely used for the harmless disposal of oily sludge. The biodegradability of oily sludge with stable emulsification system, high oil, and water content is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat the oily sludge to improve its biodegradability, including recover the petroleum resources and remove heavy metals and bio-toxic organic matters.

The potential effects of N-Acyl homoserine lactones on aerobic sludge granulation during phenolic wastewater treatment.

The formation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is relatively difficult during the treatment of refractory wastewater, which generally shows small granular sizes and poor stability. The formation of AGS is regulated by N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated quorum sensing (QS). However, the potential role of AHLs in AGS formation under the toxic stress of refractory pollutants and the heterogeneity in the distribution and function of AHLs across different aggregates are not well understood.

Flotation recovery of barite from high-density waste drilling fluid using β-cyclodextrin as a novel depressant and its mechanism.

High-density waste drilling fluid contains an abundance of recyclable weighting reagents, direct disposal can pollute the environment. In this paper, the primary mineral composition of a high-density waste drilling fluid from a well in the southwest oil and gas field was analyzed. This paper proposes β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a depressant for the recovery of barite from waste drilling fluid.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship model development for estimating the predicted No-effect concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon and derivatives in the ecological risk assessment.

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) is a cost-effective solution to directly and accurately estimating the environmental safety thresholds (ESTs) of pollutants in the ecological risk assessment due to the lack of toxicity data. In this study, QSAR models were developed for estimating the Predicted No-Effect Concentrations (PNECs) of petroleum hydrocarbons and their derivatives (PHDs) under dietary exposure, based on the quantified molecular descriptors and the obtained PNECs of 51 PHDs with given acute or chronic toxicity concentrations. Three high-reliable QSAR models were respectively developed for PHDs, aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives (AHDs), and alkanes, alkenes and their derivatives (ALKDs), with excellent fitting performance evidenced by high correlation coefficient (0.

Homogenizing microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge using nano-FeO: volatile gas product analysis.

To improve the homogeneity of heating, the magnetic absorbing material FeO is considered to use in microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge. Therefore, the effect of FeO on the microwave pyrolysis of oily sludge is investigated based on gas volatile products. Thermogravimetric mass spectrometry result certifies that FeO will increase the weight-loss ratio from 13.

Performances and mechanisms of the peroxymonosulfate/ferrate(VI) oxidation process in real shale gas flowback water treatment.

Shale gas flowback water (SGFW), which is an inevitable waste product generated after hydraulic fracturing during development, poses a severe threat to the environment and human health. Managing high-salinity wastewater with complex physicochemical compositions is critical for ensuring environmental sustainability of shale gas development. Desalination processes have been recommended to treat SGFW to adhere to the discharge limits.

Wastewater inputs reduce the CO uptake by coastal oceans.

Every year a large quantity of wastewater is generated worldwide, but its influence on the carbon dioxide (CO) uptake by coastal oceans is not well understood. Here, sea surface CO partial pressure (pCO) and air-sea CO flux were examined in the Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), a temperate coastal bay strongly disturbed by wastewater inputs. Monthly surveys from April 2014 through March 2015 showed that surface pCO in the JZB substantially varied both temporally and spatially between 163 μatm and 1222 μatm, with an annual average of 573 μatm.

A Comprehensive Review on the Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopic Characterization of Petroleum-Containing Substances: Principles, Methods, and Applications.

Petroleum-containing substance (PCS) is a general term used for petroleum and its derivatives. A comprehensive characterization of PCSs is crucial for resource exploitation, economic development and environmental protection. Fluorescence spectroscopy, especially excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) spectroscopy, has been proved to be a powerful tool to characterize PCSs since its remarkable sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity and high efficiency.

Role of pretreatment type and microbial mechanisms on enhancing volatile fatty acids production during anaerobic fermentation of refinery waste activated sludge.

This study compared the effects of alkaline, thermal, thermal-peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and alkyl polyglucose (APG) pretreatments on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from refinery waste activated sludge (RWAS), including VFAs yield, composition, organics components, microbial communities, and the potential improvement of mechanisms. All pretreatments effectively enhanced the bioconversion of RWAS and consequently promoted the hydrolysis process, which inhibited the methanogenesis process. However, the release of lignin/carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like compounds and tannin substances in Thermal-PMS and APG groups significantly influenced the acidogenesis and acetogenesis processes.

Dissolved organic matter in complex shale gas wastewater analyzed with ESI FT-ICR MS: Typical characteristics and potential of biological treatment.

Knowledge on the composition and characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in complex shale gas wastewater (SGW) is critical to evaluate environmental risks and to determine effective management strategies. Herein, five SGW samples from four key shale gas blocks in the Sichuan Basin, China, were comprehensively characterized. Specifically, FT-ICR MS was employed to provide insights into the sources, composition, and characteristics of SGW DOM.

A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Approach to Determine Biotoxicity of Amide Herbicides for Ecotoxicological Risk Assessment.

Amide herbicides have been widely applied in agriculture and found to be widespread and affect nontarget organisms in the environment. To better understand the biotoxicity mechanisms and determine the toxicity to the nontarget organisms for the hazard and risk assessment, five QSAR models were developed for the biotoxicity prediction of amide herbicides toward five aquatic and terrestrial organisms (including algae, daphnia, fish, earthworm and avian species), based on toxicity concentration and quantitative molecular descriptors. The results showed that the developed models complied with OECD principles for QSAR validation and presented excellent performances in predictive ability.

Conversion of Waste Oil from Oil Refinery into Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Removal of Phenol: Stability Evaluation, Modeling and Optimization.

The waste oil emulsion liquid membrane produced by waste oil from oil refineries (WELM) is used to separate the phenol in purified water from the sour water stripper in oil refinery facilities, and the stability of WELM was studied. It is verified that waste refinery oil can be produced into emulsion liquid membrane with good stability and high removal rate for the first time. The WELM stability models were established by response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN), respectively.