Digital health in cardiovascular medicine: An overview of key applications and clinical impact by the Portuguese Society of Cardiology Study Group on Digital Health.

Digital health interventions including telehealth, mobile health, artificial intelligence, big data, robotics, extended reality, computational and high-fidelity bench simulations are an integral part of the path toward precision medicine. Current applications encompass risk factor modification, chronic disease management, clinical decision support, diagnostics interpretation, preprocedural planning, evidence generation, education, and training. Despite the acknowledged potential, their development and implementation have faced several challenges and constraints, meaning few digital health tools have reached daily clinical practice.

Revisiting the compound muscle action potential (CMAP).

The compound muscle action potential (CMAP) is among the first recorded waveforms in clinical neurography and one of the most common in clinical use. It is derived from the summated muscle fiber action potentials recorded from a surface electrode overlying the studied muscle following stimulation of the relevant motor nerve fibres innervating the muscle. Surface recorded motor unit potentials (SMUPs) are the fundamental units comprising the CMAP.

A Narrative Review of Revascularization in Chronic Coronary Syndrome/Disease: Concepts and Misconceptions.

Ischemic heart disease represents a significant global burden of morbidity and mortality. While revascularization strategies are well defined in acute settings, there are uncertainties regarding chronic coronary artery disease treatment. Recent trials have raised doubts about the necessity of revascularization for "stable", chronic coronary syndromes or disease, leading to a shift towards a more conservative approach.

Coronary Intravascular Lithotripsy Effectiveness and Safety in a Real-World Cohort.

: Coronary artery calcification is a predictor of adverse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a promising tool for the treatment of calcified lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of IVL.

Coronary physiology instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) derived from x-ray angiography using artificial intelligence deep learning models: a pilot study.

Objectives: Coronary angiography (CAG)-derived physiology methods have been developed in an attempt to simplify and increase the usage of coronary physiology, based mostly on dynamic fluid computational algorithms. We aimed to develop a different approach based on artificial intelligence methods, which has seldom been explored.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing invasive instantaneous free-wave ratio (iFR) measurements were included.

Three-dimensional simulation for interventional cardiology procedures: Face and content validity.

Introduction And Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D) model simulation provides the opportunity to manipulate real devices and learn intervention skills in a realistic, controlled, and safe environment. To ensure that simulators provide a realistic surrogate to real procedures they must undergo scientific validation. We aimed to evaluate the 3D-printed simulator SimulHeart® for face and content validity to demonstrate its value as a training tool in interventional cardiology (IC).

Cardiovascular Health Metrics Differ Between Individuals With and Without Cancer.

Background: Although individuals with cancer experience high rates of cardiovascular morbidity, there are limited data on the potential differences in cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics between individuals with and without cancer.

Methods And Results: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2015 and 2020 was queried to evaluate the prevalence of health metrics that comprise the American Heart Association Life's Essential 8 construct of cardiovascular health among adult individuals with and without cancer in the United States. Health metric scores were also evaluated according to important patient demographics including age, sex, race and ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.

World Heart Federation Consensus on Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM).

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive and fatal condition that requires early diagnosis, management, and specific treatment. The availability of new disease-modifying therapies has made successful treatment a reality. Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy can be either age-related (wild-type form) or caused by mutations in the TTR gene (genetic, hereditary forms).

Segmentation of X-ray coronary angiography with an artificial intelligence deep learning model: Impact in operator visual assessment of coronary stenosis severity.

Background: Visual assessment of the percentage diameter stenosis (%DS ) of lesions is essential in coronary angiography (CAG) interpretation. We have previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model capable of accurate CAG segmentation. We aim to compare operators' %DS in angiography versus AI-segmented images.

Theory-based physical activity and/or nutrition behavior change interventions for cancer survivors: a systematic review.

Purpose: Theory-based interventions aimed at promoting health behavior change in cancer survivors seem to be effective but remain scarce. More information on intervention features is also needed. This review aimed to synthesize the evidence from randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of theory-based interventions (and its features) on physical activity (PA) and/or diet behaviors in cancer survivors.

Coronary X-ray angiography segmentation using Artificial Intelligence: a multicentric validation study of a deep learning model.

Introduction: We previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic coronary angiography (CAG) segmentation, using deep learning. To validate this approach, the model was applied to a new dataset and results are reported.

Methods: Retrospective selection of patients undergoing CAG and percutaneous coronary intervention or invasive physiology assessment over a one month period from four centers.

Intravascular imaging modalities in coronary intervention: Insights from 3D-printed phantom coronary models.

Introduction And Objectives: Several studies comparing optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) have revealed that OCT consistently provides smaller area and diameter measurements. However, comparative assessment in clinical practice is difficult. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers a unique opportunity to assess intravascular imaging modalities.

NAFLD Nutritional Management: Results from a Multidisciplinary Approach.

Introduction: Lifestyle changes are the mainstay treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to assess the magnitude of weight loss in a group of NAFLD patients followed on a combined lifestyle intervention by a multidisciplinary team.

Methods: Patients were assessed before and after a 12-month dietary intervention (Mediterranean diet aiming at weight loss).

Development of deep learning segmentation models for coronary X-ray angiography: Quality assessment by a new global segmentation score and comparison with human performance.

Introduction And Objectives: Although automatic artificial intelligence (AI) coronary angiography (CAG) segmentation is arguably the first step toward future clinical application, it is underexplored. We aimed to (1) develop AI models for CAG segmentation and (2) assess the results using similarity scores and a set of criteria defined by expert physicians.

Methods: Patients undergoing CAG were randomly selected in a retrospective study at a single center.

Outcome of ventricular tachycardia catheter ablation in ischemic heart disease patients using a high-density mapping substrate-based approach: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction And Objective: Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RCA) for ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) is associated with a reduced risk of VT storm and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks. We aim to report the outcome after a single RCA procedure for VT in patients with IHD using a high-density substrate-based approach.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, single-center and single-arm study involving patients with IHD, referred for RCA procedure for VT using high-density mapping catheters.

Framework for Clinical Trials in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease (FINESSE): A Review.

Importance: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) causes a quarter of strokes and is the most common pathology underlying vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. An important step to developing new treatments is better trial methodology. Disease mechanisms in SVD differ from other stroke etiologies; therefore, treatments need to be evaluated in cohorts in which SVD has been well characterized.

Rare case of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of the thoracic wall with complete sternum reconstruction.

An 18-year-old boy presented with a giant midline mass with 9 years of evolution. The tumor was excised, and reconstruction made with a customized sternum implant and a free latissimus dorsi muscle flap with skin graft. Histological analysis was compatible with low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS).