Noninvasive Pediatric Liver Fibrosis Measurement: Two-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Compared With Transient Elastography.

Objectives: Although transient elastography (TE) is the primary noninvasive method for assessing liver fibrosis, its use remains to be validated in children. This study aims to evaluate the agreement between two-dimensional ultrasound shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and TE to assess pediatric liver stiffness method.

Methods: During the 18-month study, we prospectively included 101 consecutive children (median age: 8.

Weaning children from prolonged enteral nutrition: A survey of practice on behalf of the French Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition.

Background: No consensus currently exists on tube-weaning practice worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe tube-weaning practice (indications and modalities) of a panel of pediatric gastroenterologists involved in the management of prolonged enteral nutrition (EN).

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pediatric gastroenterologists involved in the management of children receiving prolonged (>3 months) EN who were likely to be weaned was conducted.

Factors Associated With Success and Failure of Weaning Children From Prolonged Enteral Nutrition: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: The aims of the present study were to assess the efficacy of a tube weaning program, and to identify factors associated with success and failure.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study including all pediatric patients on enteral nutrition (EN) for ≥6 months for whom at least 1 attempt of weaning was performed in a single tertiary referral center from 2012 to 2017, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months after EN discontinuation. Weaning program was individualized to each child.

Algorithm for the Use of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in the Diagnosis, Assessment and Follow-Up of Treatment for Osteoporosis.

Introduction: Increased biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs) measured in serum are associated with bone loss, increased fracture risk and poor treatment adherence, but their role in clinical practice is presently unclear. The aim of this consensus group report is to provide guidance to clinicians on how to use BTMs in patient evaluation in postmenopausal osteoporosis, in fracture risk prediction and in the monitoring of treatment efficacy and adherence to osteoporosis medication.

Methods: A working group with clinical scientists and osteoporosis specialists was invited by the Scientific Advisory Board of European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).

Usefulness and safety of anakinra in refractory Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery aneurysm.

Kawasaki disease is an acute self-limited vasculitis of unknown aetiology. The prognosis depends mainly on coronary damage. There is no consensus regarding optimal adjunctive therapeutics for refractory forms to treatment by intravenous immunoglobulins and corticosteroids.