The effect of 3-month finasteride challenge on biomarkers for predicting cancer outcome on biopsy: Results of a randomized trial.

Background: Finasteride, a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor may have effects on biomarkers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) that could be leveraged to improve screening.

Objective: To determine the predictive characteristics of biomarkers for prostate cancer for cancer on biopsy following 3 months of finasteride use compared with placebo.

Design, Setting And Participants: 383 men from multiple clinical sites with intermediate prostate cancer risk, without history of prostate cancer, were randomly allocated in a double-blinded manner, 4:1, to receive either finasteride or placebo for 90 days at which time a prostate biopsy was performed.

The scientific impact and value of large, NCI-sponsored randomized phase III cancer chemoprevention trials.

Background: The cancer research groups of the National Cancer Institute's National Clinical Trials Network have a history of successful conduct of large randomized phase III trials of chemoprevention for cancer. An important question for funding agencies is whether the conduct of large chemoprevention trials provides strong scientific return on investment.

Methods: We evaluated the scientific impact of four large chemoprevention trials - two for breast cancer and two for prostate cancer - using citation analysis, a bibliometric technique.

Fine-mapping of prostate cancer susceptibility loci in a large meta-analysis identifies candidate causal variants.

Prostate cancer is a polygenic disease with a large heritable component. A number of common, low-penetrance prostate cancer risk loci have been identified through GWAS. Here we apply the Bayesian multivariate variable selection algorithm JAM to fine-map 84 prostate cancer susceptibility loci, using summary data from a large European ancestry meta-analysis.

Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and fine-mapping efforts to date have identified more than 100 prostate cancer (PrCa)-susceptibility loci. We meta-analyzed genotype data from a custom high-density array of 46,939 PrCa cases and 27,910 controls of European ancestry with previously genotyped data of 32,255 PrCa cases and 33,202 controls of European ancestry. Our analysis identified 62 novel loci associated (P < 5.

The bullying aspect of workplace violence in nursing.

Workplace violence is becoming an issue that all organizations must be aware of. In healthcare organizations, these behaviors, especially that of bullying, are detrimental and affect staff, patients, and outcomes. Healthcare organizations that do not address this issue and instill measures to prevent it will soon see the effects that bullying and other forms of workplace violence can create: those of toxic work environments.